1) in older, woody plants, the epidermis of the stem is replaced by
a. trichomes.
b. tracheids.
c. collenchyma.
d. periderm.
2) what consequences could arise if the field of bioinformatics ceased to exist as a field
of study?
a. progress in determining the function of dna sequences, making comparisons between
our genome and other model organisms, and understanding how genes and proteins
interact with cells would stop.
b. many cures for genetic disorders would not be discovered.
c. the creation of new transgenic plants, animals and bacteria that benefit society would
not occur.
d. all of these are consequences if the field of bioinformatics ceased to exist as a field of
study.
3) during the luteal phase a low level of progesterone and estrogen will bring about
a. the disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels.
b. the thickening of the endometrial lining in preparation for the implantation of a
zygote.
c. the development of a secondary oocyte.
d. a spike of the lutenizing hormone causing the oocyte to be ovulated.
e. the enlarging of the breast tissue in order to prepare for lactation.
4) as plants invaded the land, there was
a. greater availability of light for photosynthesis.
b. greater concentrations of carbon dioxide.
c. increased threat of desiccation of unprotected cells.
d. all of the above.
5) the recessive allele for sickle cell anemia is more prevalent in regions of africa where
malaria is prevalent, than it is in regions where there is no malaria. this is due to a:
a. heterozygous advantage
b. founder effect
c. frequency dependent selection
d. bottleneck effect
6) which of the following is the best example of a healthy and balanced meal?
a. a turkey sandwich on whole grain bread, apple and 6 oz. of skim milk.
b. bacon, 2 eggs over easy and white toast.
c. 16 oz. sirloin steak, mash potatoes and gravy and corn on the cob with butter.
d. a bowl of chili, topped with cheese and crackers.
e. all of these meals are equally balanced and healthy.
7) meiosis occurs during all of the following except
a. gametogenesis.
b. oogenesis.
c. pangenesis.
d. spermatogenesis.
8) which is not correctly associated with cancer?
a. angiogenesis forms new blood vessels and brings nutrients and oxygen to the tumor.
b. the disorganized mass of cells is encapsulated and does not invade adjacent tissue.
c. metastasis establishes new tumors distant from the site of the primary tumor.
d. cells have receptors to adhere to basement membranes, then secrete proteinase
enzymes to invade underlying tissues.
9) excluding humans, which group of organisms is most likely to change the abiotic
factors within an ecosystem?
a. producers
b. herbivores
c. detritivores
d. none of these can change the abiotic factors within an ecosystem.
e. all of these can change the abiotic factors within an ecosystem.
10) a cross between a male horse and a female donkey produces a mule. mules are an
example of
a. hybrid infertility.
b. temporal isolation.
c. gametic isolation.
d. zygote mortality.
11) which structure is produced during meiosis ii in the male?
a. secondary spermatocyte
b. immature sperm
c. spermatogonium
d. primary oocyte
e. late spermatid
12) at night, we see primarily black and white and shades of gray, except near lights
where some color is still evident. this is outward evidence of what internal anatomy?
a. there are more cones than rods and cones are very sensitive to light.
b. cones detect the color of an object, and are activated by bright light.
c. the retina has a circadian rhythm.
d. the lens filters differentially the many wavelengths of light.
e. the vitreous humor filters much light, and daytime intensity is necessary to get
colored light through to the retina.
13) studying a brick does not predict the design of a skyscraper. intense examination of
muscle tissues does not allow you to predict the design of a kangaroo or clam. the
structure of chlorophyll does not dictate the unique structure of a tree. these cases
demonstrate:
a. the essential properties of life.
b. the levels of organization from atom to biosphere.
c. determinism, or how all phenomena are predictable effects of causes.
d. emergent properties that are easily predicted by examining their parts.
e. emergent properties that cannot be predicted by examining their parts.