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The job characteristics model expands on which element of job redesign?
A) Critical psychological states
B) Job enlargement
C) Job enrichment
D) Job expectancy
Growing evidence suggests that high levels of stress adversely affect:
A) physical health.
B) psychological well-being.
C) task performance.
D) All of the above.
The most common form of impression management technique is:
A) directly describing oneself in a positive manner for the current situation.
B) describing past events in a way that makes oneself look good.
C) claiming a positive event was more positive than it really was.
D) denying responsibility for one's actions.
Emotions that people show others are known as:
A) known emotions.
B) displayed emotions.
C) felt emotions.
D) processed emotions.
In the HURIER model for active listening, if you do not immediately pass judgment on
the message being sent, you are practicing:
A) hearing.
B) evaluating.
C) interpreting.
D) remembering.
Joanne shows the ability to cooperate with others, develop networks and coalitions, and
generally work with subordinates rather than try to dominate them. This is an example
of:
A) personalized power motivation.
B) social influence.
C) socialized power motivation.
D) prosocial behavior.
The benefit of a narrow division of labor in an organization is:
A) the reduction in the number of supervisors necessary.
B) it is easier to implement performance enhancing technology.
C) increased flexibility in the use of human resources.
D) higher performance levels of each individual.
A prejudicial attitude is made up of several elements, including:
A) a negative stereotype.
B) an evaluative judgment.
C) a behavioral predisposition.
D) All of these.
Stress occurs when:
A) a situation is perceived as threatening to important goals.
B) people believe they can cope with the potential dangers.
C) the situation faced is difficult, but not out of control.
D) someone's expectations are met unexpectedly.
Neoclassical theory argues that:
A) organizations should have flat, hierarchical structures.
B) organizations should have a high degree of decentralization.
C) it represents the universal, ideal form for all organizations.
D) All of the above are true.
Table 16.1
Todd's restaurant is changing from a fast food menu and walk-through service to
simple, quickly prepared meals eaten in the restaurant or along the sidewalk. This
change was brought on by the losses he is experiencing due to decreased demand for
fast food. In order to make the changes as effective as possible and to avoid having to
react in the future, Todd is talking to his employees about their ideas on the changes and
what the future might hold. He wants employees to try some new things, tell him what's
working and what's not working, and help the company grow.
Refer to Table 16.1. What technique did Todd use to overcome resistance to change?
A) launching a "trial balloon"
B) negotiating with those who are resistant to change
C) involving employees in the change effort
D) gaining leadership support
Matrix designs are not without disadvantages, such as:
A) increasing stress and frustration faced by two-boss managers.
B) inhibiting communication among managers.
C) limiting the organization's ability to use human resources.
D) reducing the ability to respond quickly to marketplace changes.
If a company shapes its culture around a strategy like price leadership or high quality
products, its culture is growing out of the factor of:
A) the organization's experience with the external environment.
B) the company's founders.
C) internal interactions, contact between groups within the organization.
D) the subcultures within the organization.
Benson has been exposed to aggressive behavior for most of his life. The 'short fuse" he
has developed is an example of:
A) positive attitude toward revenge.
B) high trait anger.
C) past experience with aggression.
D) overt expression rather than suppression of anger.
People who are able to select their benefits tend to feel ________ with their jobs.
A) more satisfied
B) less satisfied
C) less control
D) None of the above.
From which power bases do American CEOs obtain their influence?
A) Management decision control
B) Expertise and knowledge
C) Personality and leadership skills
D) Support from the board of directors
The first step in the creative process is:
A) allow ideas to incubate.
B) document insight.
C) verify ideas.
D) prepare to be creative.
Table 12.2
The boss wants the staff to work overtime this week on a big project. He tells the
managers that if they want to keep their jobs, they better keep their people here. Bob
goes to his department and calls a meeting. He explains the problem and asks if
everyone would be willing to stay and put in the time. His employees recognize his
right to ask them, he's been good to them in the past, and they want to help him out, so
they all agree to stay. Joan goes to her department, calls everyone together and tells
them the bad news. She then begins assigning responsibilities and scheduling work.
One of her new supervisors says, "Who are you to tell us we have to work overtime?"
Her answer is, "I'm your boss, that's who, now get with it." Joseph offers everyone in
his department compensatory time and a pizza party if they put in the overtime.
Refer to Table 12.2. Joan is using ________ power.
A) personal
B) coercive
C) legitimate
D) referent
A negative attitude we hold toward another, based on his/her membership in a particular
group, is called:
A) a stereotype.
B) discrimination.
C) groupism.
D) a prejudice.
Not spending time at work on personal calls is an example of which form of
organizational citizenship behavior?
A) Altruism
B) Conscientiousness
C) Civic virtue
D) Sportsmanship
Dan won't give in to John's request for a new office computer. He claims that it is a
budgetary issue, but in reality, it is about Dan's anger at John for his comments at a
meeting. The win-win solution in this case can be best accomplished by:
A) avoiding unreasonable offers.
B) seeking common ground.
C) uncovering the "real" issues.
D) narrowing the scope of issues considered.
The interrelationships between the individuals constituting a group are called:
A) group roles.
B) group structure.
C) role expectations.
D) role differentiation.
Bringing in food to share with others is an example of:
A) psychological contracts.
B) OCB-I.
C) OCB-O.
D) both OCB-I and OCB-O.
As a general rule, the effects of stress on task performance are:
A) mostly negative.
B) curvilinear in nature.
C) mostly positive.
D) negative at moderate levels, but positive at higher levels.
________ refers to the making decisions differently, depending on how the problem is
presented.
A) Compatibility testing
B) Profitability testing
C) Framing
D) Bounded rationality
Status symbols:
A) remind organizational members of their roles.
B) provide a sense of identification with a group.
C) provide assurance of rewards available to those who perform well.
D) All of these.
Companies whose leaders explicitly express strong ethical commitment returned
________ the value to shareholders.
A) twice
B) three times
C) four times
D) ten times
Which of the following types of discrimination is not currently prohibited by federal
law?
A) Discrimination based on age
B) Discrimination based on sexual orientation
C) Discrimination based on physical condition
D) Discrimination based on gender
Which of the following characteristics of burnout is associated with feelings of
helplessness and depression?
A) Depersonalization
B) Emotional exhaustion
C) Physical exhaustion
D) Feelings of low personal accomplishment
Table 5.1
Will is experiencing stress at work because he is not clear about what to do in his new
job, what his work priorities should be. His boss is out due to major surgery, and no one
else knows what his job is. Jane is a typical 2010 woman; good career, married, and
with a small child. As her career advances she is experiencing more and more stress
because her husband wants her home more. Her parents are proud of her career success,
yet they keep saying things like, "No sense having children if you're going to let
someone else raise them." Tom is in a matrix reporting relationship with several other
people. His boss has authority over the whole matrix; Tom does not, yet Tom is
responsible for the performance of the people in the matrix. He isn't sure who he can
tell what to do and who he has to let his boss tell. A deadline is approaching, and Tom is
stressed out. Tom's boss, John, is also stressed. He isn't clarifying who reports to whom
because he worries about everyone and doesn't want to let go of watching over them.
He thinks that he may have to terminate Jane because her home situation is interfering
so much with work that it is creating problems for the project. He is agonizing over this.
Having been fired once in his career, he knows how painful it can be.
Refer to Table 5.1. Which of the following strategies would be of the most help to Will
at this point in his career?
A) More information about his job duties
B) Family-supportive practices
C) A stress management program
D) Life balancing through exercise and diet
The benefits of a QWL program, include:
A) improved job satisfaction.
B) increased organizational commitment.
C) reduced turnover.
D) All of the above.
A norm that guides behavior that should be avoided is known as a:
A) differentiated norm.
B) prescriptive norm.
C) proscriptive norm.
D) precedent norm.
Experience and research show that effective innovation management involves:
A) the imposition of severe time pressures.
B) linking all forms of innovation and creativity to financial rewards.
C) a permissive-directive style of organizational leadership.
D) linking innovation to the corporate mission.
Improvements in production or delivery methods are considered what target of
innovation?
A) Service innovation
B) Process innovation
C) Product innovation
D) Supply chain innovation
