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Instructor Resource
Burke, Organization Change, 5th edition
SAGE Publishing, 2018
C. on rewards that have different values for different individuals
D. all of these
27. Lewin’s theory related to organization change was ______.
A. borrowing concepts from physics
B. cognitive
C. integrated driving forces and restraining forces
D. none of these
28. Likert’s contribution of his four system model of organizations ______.
A. categorized organizations according to their management approach
B. declared four main categories of management approaches
C. used seven behavioral functions within organizations
D. all of these
29. In an article by Amis, Slack, and Hinings (2004), evidence was presented showing
that effective organization change begins with ______.
A. a charismatic leader
B. sudden bursts of a radical nature
C. muddled messages of the effect of changes
D. none of these
30. The important distinction between empirical rational strategies and normative re-
educative strategies is ______.
A. one is power coercive and the other is not
B. one is planned change and the other is spontaneous
C. normative re-educative strategies assume that people conform and are committed to
sociocultural norms
D. none of these
31. The conceptual models for understanding organization change are ______.
A. easy to replicate
B. substantially similar in presenting overlapping frameworks for understanding how
change can occur
C. psychologically based
D. sociologically based
32. When considering the broad conceptual framework on process and planned
change, the conclusion is that ______.
A. it is obvious as to how for development theories within that framework
B. it includes an advocacy component to the explanations
C. they are consistent with other theories
D. none of these
33. The schools of thought involving content and process have ______.
A. evolved independently with little theoretical or empirical synergy
B. different names for the same methodology
C. our intuitive
D. none of these
34. The process models of organization and individual change are ______.
A. linear
B. sequential
C. nonlinear
D. none of these above
35. Schein Lewin’s three-step theory includes ______.
A. substeps
B. identifying that the three steps overlapped
C. 40 years of work after Lewin
D. all of these
1. Discontinuous change means evolutionary or transactional forms of change within an
organization.
2. Examples of shifts in an organization’s external environment include economic
downturns, new technology, company mergers, and new laws.
3. Organizations can ask themselves “What to change” and focus on either new
technology that is needed to aid in the change or re-organizing their labor.
4. The life-cycle theory is important because it states that an organization “follows a
single sequence of stages or phases, which is cumulative and conjunctive” and helps
lead us to understand which phase the company is in.
5. Teleological theory assumes that an organization is purposeful and adaptive.
6. If I think that human beings are rational and intelligent, I am using a normative-
reeducative strategy.
7. When addressing change theory, the three things to consider are what, how, and
when.
8. An application of the normative re-educative strategy would be the T-group or
sensitivity training.
9. The source of power in the rational empirical approach is knowledge.
10. Three distinct theoretical lenses, rational, learning cognitive, have been used to
describe the content and process strategic change in organization.
1. What are the four categories of Van de Ven and Poole’s (1995) process schools of
thought or organization change? Name the key metaphor and describe the event
progression for each one.
2. Name and describe Likert’s four systems of management. Which, according to Likert,
is the best way to manage and why?
3. Name and describe Rajagopalan and Spreitzer’s (1997) three theoretical
perspectives (or “lenses”) that close the gap between content and process.
4. Burke expands on the application of Lewin’s theory to include an analysis of
perceived forces in the work environment and what people perceive the norms and
values to be. Explain that elaboration
5. The fundamental assumption underline empirical rational strategies is that people are
rational and that they will follow their rational self-interest once it is made apparent to
them. How did Chin and Benne (1985) describe that assumption?
