Sociotechnical systems ______.
A. focus on the interdependence of workers and the tools they use
B. focus on how computer technology changes the way people work
C. is irrelevant to organization change
D. is too controversial to be taken seriously as an organization change method
Changing the transformational factors in the Burke–Litwin model ______.
A. should result in discontinuous change and affect the deep structure
B. should result in discontinuous change but not affect the deep structure
C. should result in continuous change and affect the deep structure
D. should result in continuous change but not affect the deep structure
A leader discovers a story by asking ______.
A. what must be done to restore balance and what is preventing that from occurring
B. what action should we take to restore and renew balance
C. how can this be done with integrity
D. all of these
The “behavioral complexity” theory of leadership focuses on ______.
A. the many roles leaders play
B. the multiple constituencies leaders must serve
C. the capability of a leader to behave in different ways in different situations
D. all of these
Importation of energy refers to ______.
A. 1 of the 10 characteristics of open systems mentioned by Burke
B. throughput
C. output
D. systems being cycles of events
In the case example concerning Dime Bancorp., related to morale were ______.
A. lower than average ratings on individual needs and values
B. show a sharp improvement
C. contributing to a positive view of organizational performance
D. none of these
Today, most organizational environments are ______.
A. placid, randomized
B. placid, clustered
C. disturbed, reactive
D. turbulent fields
With respect to organizational structure, on the issue of centralization and
decentralization, leaders need to learn ______.
A. that centralization is paramount
B. that decentralization is paramount
C. both need to be done simultaneously
D. none of these
Faucheux, Amado and Laurent (1982) broadened Friedlander and Brown’s (1974)
context of organization change by adding a linkage between a given organization and
______.
A. its leadership context
B. its values
C. the society within which it resides
D. success as measured by profitability
Which one of the following statements is true about the Burke–Litwin model?
A. Thus far, research has not supported any parts of the model.
B. Thus far, no research has been conducted to determine the model’s validity.
C. Thus far, the model is only theoretical.
D. None of these
The survey of Dime employees’ feelings concerning empowerment resulted in ______.
A. a related sense of having little control over changes
B. resistance
C. a re-examination of responsibility and authority
D. A and C
According to a study by Irwin (2016), in order to move up the corporate ladder to attain
a high executive position, it clearly helps ______.
A. to have been gone the ascent up the ladder at a much lower wrong
B. switching industries
C. to have experience in as many of the businesses functional areas as possible
D. none of these
McClelland and Burnham (1976) found that successful managers tend to be ______.
A. aloof
B. caring
C. participative managers who coach their employees
D. both B and C
A potential source for knowledge and assistance for models of organization and
organization change literature includes ______.
A. organizational theory literature
B. trade literature
C. books of narratives that have a clear and usually simple maximum to teach.
D. all of these
Burke’s organizational model of choice for effecting organization change is ______.
A. metaphor
B. the Burke-Litwin model
C. grounded in an open system way of thinking
D. both B and C
In healthcare, the duality is most keenly experienced by ______.
A. administrators who must serve the profession with his Hippocratic oath
B. doctors who must serve the goals of administrators
C. accreditors
D. A and B
Change at the individual level ______.
A. works only if changes are made concurrently at the larger system level
B. can occur without necessarily triggering changes at other levels of the organization
C. is the primary focus of all organization change
D. none of these
The survey results concerning Dime employees’ morale led to further study concerning
______.
A. pay scales
B. gender diversity
C. degree of workload and feelings of empowerment
D. downsizing
The voice of a direct effect ______.
A. is one of advocacy
B. should be a clear management strategy
C. is a loose coupling among individuals
D. A and B
Dealing with unanticipated consequences ______.
A. may be the most important ingredient in sustaining organization change
B. requires leader intuition about new initiatives followed by quick data collection on
the consequences of the initiatives
C. requires changing approaches as needed to continue the change
D. all of these
Which of the following researchers developed a managerial grid that built upon the
research that determined leadership’s two primary functions are the initiation of
structure and consideration?
A. Blake and Mouton
B. Likert
C. Fleishman
D. French and Bell
“Systems” as used in the Burke Litwin causal model of organizations are ______.
A. policies and procedures designed to help and support members
B. akin to one of Weiss boards six boxes: helpful mechanisms
C. the fundamental element must be changed
D. A and B
Which of the following is true?
A. There is a trickle-down effect on how supervisors treat their employees and how
these employees treat customers.
B. Training front-line employees how to deal respectfully with their customers results in
more effective customer relations than training supervisors how to deal respectfully
with their direct reports.
C. Training supervisors how to deal respectfully with their direct reports has no affect
on how the direct reports treat customers.
D. None of these
Capra’s third criterion is ______.
A. process
B. the living system’s cognitive activity
C. allowing a living system to perceive, sort, and select specific elements from the
external environment
D. all of these
Self-directed groups (a.k.a. self-managed groups) are found in ______.
A. hierarchically structured organizations
B. flat-structured organizations
C. evolutionary systems
D. revolutionary systems
Since Case 3 was designed on two objectives, to bring educational process the latest
thinking organizational psychology and to establish process of developing one
self-awareness, fundamental to the change was ______.
A. individual feedback
B. peer pressure
C. external environment
D. none of these
Some specific areas for research of momentum in the process of organization change
include ______.
A. keeping people informed
B. measuring and celebrating achievements
C. experimenting with new ways of rewarding people
D. all of these
The 1996/1998 Burke-Litwin Model Summary Score for the Dime Bancorp, Inc.’s two
organization opinion surveys showed that employees’ perceived the organization’s most
significant improvements over time as ______.
A. external environment, management practices, structure, and skills/job match
B. leadership, culture, mission and strategy, and performance
C. work unit climate, motivation, systems, and individual needs and values
D. external environment, culture, skills/job match, and performance
Gladwell’s (2000) three phenomena for change are ______.
A. contagiousness, small causes can have big effects, and change occurs gradually
B. contagiousness, small causes have small effects, and change occurs at one dramatic
moment
C. contagiousness, small causes can have big effects, and change occurs at one dramatic
moment
D. contagiousness, small changes have no effect, and change occurs at one dramatic
moment
“The stickiness factor” (Gladwell, 2000) involves ______.
A. trying different forms of communicating the same message
B. having a story or narrative that can be retold in a variety of ways
C. the tricky nature of change
D. both A and B
Using the metaphor of choice ______.
A. is organic
B. is a closed system theory
C. derived from the hard sciences
D. none of these
Industrial psychology is ______.A. the study of the different psychologies of various
industries
B. the psychology of manufacturing
C. organizational psychology
D. a hard science
Organization surveys can be used to ______.
A. organizational diagnosis
B. assess employees’ perceptions
C. give feedback to organization management and employees
D. all of these
Larger system organization change comes by way of ______.
A. mergers and acquisitions
B. strategic alliances
C. joint ventures
D. all of these