1) selective reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occur in the ____ of the nephron.
a. glomerulus
b. distal convoluted tubule
c. proximal convoluted tubule
d. collecting duct
e. loop of the nephron (loop of henle)
2) nonspecific defenses against disease include all of the following except
a. skin and mucous membranes.
b. natural killer cells.
c. inflammatory reaction.
d. antibodies.
e. complement.
3) which method of reproduction is used by members of phylum echinodermata?
a. sexual
b. asexual
c. budding
d. fragmentation
e. both sexual and asexual
4) each time the water in a cell freezes slowly, long sharp crystals spear through the
membrane structures of the cell. however, in the frozen state, virtually no chemical
reactions occur. the most likely explanation for the bad taste of meat that has “freezer
burn” from repeated freezing is the destruction of
a. the golgi bodies and their vesicles.
b. lysosomes and resultant autodigestion.
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum causing the release of ribosomes.
d. ribosomes causing them to break into subunits.
e. the nuclear membrane causing mixing of nucleoplasm and cytoplasm.
5) cancer cells require many nutrients, which are supplied by blood vessels. the growth
of new blood vessels to cancerous tissue is called:
a. angiogenesis
b. metastasis
c. carcinogenesis
d. apotosis
6) if the diploid number of chromosomes for an organism is 52, what will the haploid
number of chromosomes be?
a. 26
b. 48
c. 112
d. 24
7) identify the incorrect pairing of tissue type with cell type.
a. ground tissue – collenchyma cells
b. epidermal tissue – parenchyma cells
c. vascular tissue – xylem
d. epidermal tissue – cuticle
8) which organelle is primarily responsible for the breakdown of lipids within the cell?
a. golgi apparatus
b. chloroplast
c. vacuole
d. peroxisome
9) the first reaction in the citric acid cycle is binding
a. carbon dioxide to a four-carbon (c4) molecule.
b. carbon dioxide to a five-carbon (c5) molecule.
c. acetyl-coa to a c5 molecule.
d. acetyl-coa to a c4 molecule.
10) which statement is not true about vascular tissue in plants?
a. in leaves, the vascular tissue is found in the leaf veins.
b. in stems, the vascular tissue is found in the vascular bundles.
c. phloem cells are hollow and nonliving, and they form a continuous pipeline that
transports sugars.
d. xylem cells are hollow and nonliving, and they form a continuous pipeline that
transports water and minerals.
e. in roots, the vascular tissue is found in the central vascular cylinder.
11) oncogenes are all of the following except:
a. mutated proto-oncogenes
b. cancer causing genes
c. genes that stimulate uncontrolled cell divisions
d. tumor suppressor genes
12) which of the following statements about hormones is not true?
a. hormones are secreted into the bloodstream.
b. hormones are released from exocrine glands.
c. hormones may be classified as peptides or steroids.
d. hormones usually affect a target organ.
e. cells that react to a hormone have specific receptors for that hormone.
13) the jawed fish and all other vertebrates are gnathostomes, which means they have
a. segmentation.
b. jaws.
c. a notochord that develops into a vertebral column.
d. amniotic eggs.
e. exoskeletons