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Detritivores are
a. bacteria.
b. plants.
c. fungi.
d. animals.
e. both bacteria and fungi.
Some of the stages of meiosis are listed below. For the following statements, select the
best choice of these stages.
a. prophase I
b. metaphase II
c. anaphase I
d. anaphase II
e. telophase I
Following this phase each individual cell is haploid.
All fungi
a. are saprobes.
b. digest food extracellularly.
c. are parasites.
d. digest food intracellularly.
e. can ingest food particles.
The dots in the figure represent a(n)
a. covalent bond.
b. ionic bond.
c. hydrogen bond.
d. polar covalent bond.
e. hydrophobic interaction.
Which of the following is the most effective in protecting against sexually transmitted
diseases?
a. condoms
b. the Pill
c. douching
d. an IUD
e. the rhythm method
Which of the following is TRUE concerning the C4 pathway?
a. It produces large amounts of carbohydrates.
b. It feeds into the C3 pathway.
c. It is the mechanism of photorespiration.
d. It involves the activity of rubisco.
e. All of these are true.
Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
The letter "A" in the above figure represents
a. sclerenchyma fibers.
b. parenchyma.
c. xylem.
d. epidermis.
e. phloem.
Carbon is introduced into the atmosphere by all EXCEPT which of the following
means?
a. respiration
b. diffusion
c. burning of fossil fuels
d. wind erosion of rocks
e. tilling of soil
The earth's earliest atmosphere was likely composed mostly of gaseous
a. hydrogen.
b. nitrogen.
c. water vapor.
d. carbon dioxide.
e. mixtures of these.
____ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.
a. Embryology
b. Molecular archeology
c. Evolution
d. Comparative morphology
e. Composition
Tunicates
Choose the one most appropriate letter for each.
a. cartilaginous skeleton; jaws
b. reptile with four-chambered heart
c. placental mammal
d. legless amphibian
e. invertebrate chordate; no metamorphosis
f. endotherm with feathers
g. limbless reptile
h. most primitive fishes with jaws; extinct
i. modern-day parasitic jawless vertebrate
j. marsupial
k. adult is called 'sea squirt"
l. egg-laying mammal
m. swim bladder for buoyancy
n. may be sexually mature in larval form
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below,
which are used by ecologists.
a. carrying capacity
b. net reproduction per individual per unit time
c. age structure
d. survivorship
e. growth rate
A change in the available food supply in a habitat will affect all of these except this.
bile salts
Choose the one most appropriate statement for each.
a. a process that mixes the contents of the lumen and forces it against the absorptive
surface of the gut
b. stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
c. thin, outermost layer of stomach
d. a softened ball of food particles
e. emulsify fat globules
f. have multiple stomach chambers, some of which store populations of microorganisms
g. innermost layer of the gut; contains diverse secretory cells
h. gastric inhibitory peptide
i. stimulates gallbladder and stomach emptying as well as pancreatic enzyme secretions
j. a mixture of food particles in the stomach
Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
The letter "C" in the above figure represents
a. pericycle
b. endodermis
c. primary xylem
d. root cortex
e. primary phloem
Which of the following have a flexible cuticle, longitudinal muscles, a complete
digestive system, and a false coelom?
a. nematodes
b. cnidarians
c. flatworms
d. echinoderms
e. sponges
Most of the water moving through a plant is lost through
a. osmotic gradients in the soil.
b. evaporation.
c. pressure flow forces in the xylem.
d. photolysis.
e. photosynthesis.
Respond to the following statements with reference to the flower parts listed below.
a. anther
b. stigma
c. ovule
d. ovary
e. stamen
During fertilization of a flowering plant, the male gamete first adheres to this structure.
thymus gland
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. secretes one hormone that increases the metabolic rate and another that inhibits
calcium release from bone storage sites
b. secrete insulin and glucagon
c. secretes hormones that prepare accessory reproductive structures for reproduction
d. involved in lymphocyte maturation
e. secretes tropic hormones, growth hormone, and prolactin
f. secretes mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
g. in many vertebrates, helps to determine the amount and distribution of dark pigments
in the skin
h. secrete enzymes that help to form angiotensin
i. participates in reproductive physiology and responds to photoperiod change
j. releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone into bloodstream
k. secretes a hormone that promotes calcium release from bone storage sites
l. produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
m. secretes cholecystokinin, secretin, and gastrin
n. secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
o. secrete pheromones, milk, tears, sweat, and mucus
Which of the following lack a nucleus and are structurally simple?
a. eukaryotes
b. prokaryotes
c. fungi
d. algae
e. all of these
Respond to the following statements with reference to the four steps of the nitrogen
cycles listed below.
a. nitrogen fixation
b. nitrification
c. denitrification
d. ammonification
The action of bacteria on nitrogen-containing wastes involves this process.
Select the best process listed below for each of the following statements. Note that you
need to know that the sequence of amino acids directly reflects the sequence of genes
that coded for their placement.
a. an inversion
b. a deletion
c. a gene duplication
d. a translocation
e. an addition
Homologous sets of genes ABCDEF and aBCdEF are located on nonhomologous
chromosomes. Crossing over between them is suppressed because their locations are
the result of this.
The plant hormone that promotes dormancy in some plants and seeds is
a. abscisic acid.
b. auxin.
c. gibberellin.
d. ethylene.
e. none of these.
Match the following descriptions with the most appropriate group listed below.
a. Bacteria
b. Protista
c. Plantae
d. Fungi
e. Animalia
unicellular organisms of considerable internal complexity
amino- and carboxypeptidase
Choose the one most appropriate statement for each.
a. made in the small intestine and pancreas; act on peptide fragments
b. glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples
c. made in the pancreas; acts on fats
d. made by the pancreas and salivary glands; acts on starch
e. made by the small intestine; acts on double sugars
f. made by the pancreas; acts on proteins and polypeptides
g. contains cholesterol; helps emulsify fats
h. made in the stomach; acts on proteins
i. stimulates hydrochloric acid secretion
j. circular muscle acts like valve
Lateral meristems
a. are groups of dividing cells.
b. are responsible for increasing the width of a stem or root.
c. are cambia.
d. produce secondary growth only.
e. fit all of these descriptions.
Which feature is shared by euglenoids and kinetoplastids?
a. an eyespot
b. a single flagellum
c. photoautotrophy
d. parasitic existence
e. live in marine and freshwater habitats
Which of the following is not a renewable energy source?
a. hydroelectric power.
b. coal.
c. solar.
d. wind.
e. all of these are renewable.
Select the correct sequence of animal developmental events.
a. fertilization >>> cleavage >>> gastrula >>> blastula
b. fertilization >>> cleavage >>> blastula >>> gastrula
c. fertilization >>> blastula >>> cleavage >>> gastrula
d. fertilization >>> gastrula >>> blastula >>> cleavage
e. fertilization >>> blastula >>> gastrula >>> cleavage
Resistance to blood flow depends mainly on
a. the diastolic pressure.
b. elastic tissue of the vessels.
c. blood vessel diameter.
d. valves in the vessels.
e. ultrafiltration pressure in the capillaries.
The following questions refer to the figure above of antibody structure.
Antigens bind at
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. E.
All animals are
a. multicellular, heterotrophic, and diploid.
b. multicellular, heterotrophic, and haploid.
c. multicellular, autotrophic, and diploid.
d. multicellular, autotrophic, and haploid.
e. unicellular, autotrophic, and haploid.
Answer the following questions in reference to the four groups of fungi listed below.
a. Zygomycetes
b. Ascomycetes
c. Basidiomycetes
d. Glomeromycetes
Penicillium, the source of antibiotics, is a member of this group.
Respond to the following statements with reference to the four steps of the nitrogen
cycles listed below.
a. nitrogen fixation
b. nitrification
c. denitrification
d. ammonification
The conversion of gaseous nitrogen first to ammonia and then to other nitrogenous
compounds involves this.
Sieve tubes are different from vessel members because they
a. do not have nuclei.
b. are not connected to each other.
c. are alive at maturity.
d. conduct minerals.
e. fit all of these descriptions.
Lyell
Select the most appropriate choice for each person.
a. wrote Principles of Geology
b. developed the theory of catastrophism
c. believed that giraffes have long necks because their short-necked ancestors stretched
their necks and passed this change on to their offspring
d. was a naturalist who sailed on the Beagle and studied finches
e. wrote an essay relating population size to competition for limited resources
f. natural historian and author; early ideas of Chain of Being
__________ can be used to estimate the population density for mobile animals.
A layer of endodermal cells around the cylinder deposit a waterproof band called a
__________ in their abutting walls.
Demographics include __________ and __________ structure, such as the size of the
__________ base.
Compare and contrast facilitated and active transport?
Consider a typical food chain. Which level would be at the greatest risk of suffering
from exposure to a toxin based on the concept of biological magnification?
DNA + nucleoplasm
What cultural trait is unique to hominins?
In sweet peas, genes C and P are necessary for colored flowers. In the absence of either
(__ pp or cc __) or both (cc pp), the flowers are white. Give the probable genotype of a
plant with colored flowers and a plant with white flowers that produced 38 plants with
colored flowers and 42 plants with white flowers.
An __________ is an enclosed coastal region where seawater mixes with nutrient-rich
fresh water from rivers and streams.
Water surface tension is caused by __________ bonds.
The allele for albinism (c) is recessive to the allele for normal pigmentation (C). A
normally pigmented woman whose father is an albino marries an albino man whose
parents are normal. They have three children, two normal and one albino. Give the
genotypes for each person listed.
Why is it very dangerous to eat wild mushrooms without proper training?
__________ is the conversion of grassland or woodland to desertlike conditions.
Each __________ develops into a pollen grain.
__________ stimulate cell division, release lateral buds from apical dominance, and
inhibit senescence.
In radishes, two incompletely dominant genes control color and shape. Red and white
radishes are homozygous, whereas the hybrid is purple. Long and round are
homozygous and, if crossed, will produce an oval hybrid. Give the F2 genotypic and
phenotypic ratio produced by crossing pure-breed red long radishes with white round
varieties.
__________ are aquatic heterotrophs and autotrophs with a cellulose covering.
In garden peas, one pair of alleles controls the height of the plant, and a second pair of
alleles controls flower color. The allele for tall (D) is dominant to the allele for dwarf
(d), and the allele for purple (P) is dominant to the allele for white (p). A tall plant with
purple flowers crossed with a tall plant with white flowers produces 3/8 tall purple, 1/8
tall white, 3/8 dwarf purple, and 1/8 dwarf white. What is the genotype of the parents?
