1) all chordates are also vertebrates.
2) vascular tissue extends through the roots, stems, and leaves of the entire plant.
3) both living and nonliving entities adapt to the environment
4) altruism is very rare in societies where the individual’s genes have a greater chance
of being passed on by other individuals of the society.
5) one of the major functions of the skeletal system is to store long term sources of
energy for the body.
6) alfred wallace is considered the father of zoogeography because of linking
geography with the study of animals.
7) primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis ii when the sister chromatids fail to
separate and both daughter chromosomes go in the same gamete.
8)
the cylinders in this experiment represent a 24-hour period. the light area represents
light periods during a 24-hr. period and the dark area represents dark periods during a
24-hr. period. the critical length of dark vs. light periods for flowering is depicted by the
dotted line. note that some plants are flowering and some are not flowering.
in order for hormones like auxin to be used as a chemical signal within a plant it must
travel through the xylem to reach the site of activity.
9) dna or protein can be used as a molecular clock” that tells how long it has been since
two species have diverged from a common ancestor.
10) animal diversity is due to variations in the expression of ancient genes in addition to
the evolution of new and different genes.
11) water moves into the guard cells in response to the movement of k+ into the guard
cells.
12) water is forced to enter root endodermal cells by a strip of suberin in the four sides
of root endodermal cells called the casparian strip.
13) the function of dna ligase in recombinant technology is to
a. cut dna into many fragments.
b. carry dna into a new cell.
c. seal dna into an opening created by restriction enzymes.
d. make millions of copies of a specific segment of dna.
e. separate fragments of dna by their length and electrical charges.
14) penicillin leaves the blood plasma through tubular walls and not through the
glomerulus. therefore, penicillin is removed from the blood by the process of
a. osmosis.
b. glomerular filtration.
c. tubular secretion.
d. diffusion.
e. tubular reabsorption.
15) which of the following is not a form of potential energy?
a. food
b. water in a dam
c. a muscle contracting
d. all of the choices are not potential energy.
16) the action spectrum of photosynthesis shows a high light absorption for violet/blue
and orange/red and a low absorption for green/yellow. if we were to set up an
experiment where narrow bands of unicolored light were shown on an aquatic plant
such as elodea, and we counted the number of bubbles of oxygen produced as an
indicator of photosynthetic rate, how would the graph appear?
a. just like the action spectrum with peaks at violet/blue and orange/red and a trough at
yellow/green
b. exactly inverted from the action spectrum with a peak for yellow/green
c. perfectly flat because many wavelengths are used by chlorophyll
d. a descending line because ultra-violet has more energy than infra-red
e. there is no way to guess without actually running the experiment.
17) which of the following statements is correct about the chromosomal position during
mitosis and meiosis?
a. during metaphase of mitosis the duplicated chromosomes are at the metaphase plate
while during metaphase i of meiosis the bivalents are present at the metaphase plate
b. during metaphase i ofmeiosis the duplicated chromosomes are at the metaphase plate
while during metaphase of mitosis the bivalents are present at the metaphase plate
c. during metaphase ofmitosis the homologues separate while during metaphase i of
meiosis the sister chromatids separate
d. during metaphase i ofmeiosis the homologues separate while during metaphase of
mitosisthe sister chromatids separate
18) which is not true about the cell theory?
a. its various parts were described by schleiden, schwann, and virchow.
b. it states that all organisms are composed of cells.
c. it states that all cells come from preexisting cells.
d. it states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously.
e. it is accepted today by biologists as applying to virtually all forms of life.
19) __________ represents the first reactant of this metabolic pathway and ________
represents the endproduct (s) of the pathway?
a. a; e
b. b; e and f
c. a; e and f
d. a and b; d and e
20) the post darwinian view of the world included
a. the age of the earth is billions of years old.
b. species are related by descent.
c. an interaction of random variations and environmental conditions produced
environmental adaptation.
d. all of the choices are correct.
e. only two of the above are correct.
incorrect
21) all of the following statements concerning activities in the female reproductive
system are true except
a. the follicles in the ovary produce estrogen.
b. a surge of fsh is believed to promote ovulation.
c. the placenta can produce both estrogen and progesterone.
d. lh stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum.
e. the corpus luteum produces progesterone.
incorrect
22) the theory of __________ proposed that a series of catastrophes or mass extinctions
followed by repopulation could explain why species change over time.
a. descent with modification
b. inheritance of acquired traits
c. uniformitarianism
d. catastrophism
23) which of the following plant hormones is associated with the closure of stomata in a
plant under water stress?
a. abscisic acid
b. auxin
c. cytokinin
d. ethylene
e. gibberellin
24) the carboniferous period is extremely significant to our current society because
a. the carboniferous forests turned into the coal that fuels modern society.
b. human evolution began in the period.
c. plants and animals first adapted to a terrestrial environment during this period.
d. mammals diversified.
25) compared with the numbers of grasshoppers or deer, there are not a lot of mountain
lions. the reason that large and fierce top-level carnivores are rare in an ecosystem is
that
a. such animals do not tolerate other members like them.
b. through natural selection, most fierce animals have been killed off by others.
c. food chains are only 10 to 20% efficient at each step, and top carnivores are therefore
limited by the availability of food in their range.
d. only a few such animals are permitted by succession in a biome, and there are only a
few biomes.
26) what is the expected pattern of growth for a population that has a birthrate that is
higher than the death rate?
a. this population can expect to see a pyramid-shaped diagram that will cause the
population to grow in the near future.
b. this population can expect to see an urn-shaped diagram that will cause the
population to grow in the future.
c. this population can expect to see a bell-shaped diagram that will cause the population
to grow in the future.
d. this population can expect to see an pyramid-shaped diagram that will cause the
population to decrease in the future.
e .this population can expect to move into a logistic growth curve in the near future.
27) which is not a characteristic of mitochondria?
a. a mitochondrion has two membranes.
b. mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration.
c. mitochondria have a single membrane for cellular respiration.
d. mitochondria contain dna and ribosomes.
e. the inner space of the mitochondrion contains a fluid matrix.
28) the molecules rhodopsin and retinal are involved in the sensory system that detects
a. hot and cold.
b. hearing.
c. smell.
d. sight.
e. balance.