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1) which of the following features is unique to bacterial cells?
a. nucleoid region
b. nucleus
c. cell membrane
d. cell wall
e. ribosome
2) which feature is found in the bony fish but not in the cartilaginous fish?
a. scales
b. lateral line system for detecting prey
c. endothermy
d. ectothermy
e. swim bladder
3) when a monocot such as corn germinates, the immature leaves are covered by a
_____ while the radicle is covered by the _______.
a. hypocotyle; primary root
b. hypocotyle; epicotyl
c. coleoptile; coleorhiza
d. plumule; coleorhiza
4) as food is swallowed it is prevented from coming into contact with air and entering
the trachea by the
a. pharynx.
b. larynx.
c. bronchioles.
d. saliva.
e. epiglottis.
5) which of the following is not one of the three most common elements in plants?
a. oxygen
b. sulfur
c. carbon
d. hydrogen
6) all of the following characteristics are among the adaptations of plants to life on land
except
a. protection of the embryo from drying out.
b. waxy cuticle on leaves to prevent drying out.
c. waxy cuticle on roots to prevent drying out.
d. vascular system (in most plants) to move water internally.
7) which is not true about daughter cells of mitosis or meiosis?
a. in meiosis, daughter cells are haploid.
b. in meiosis, there are four daughter cells.
c. in mitosis, there are two daughter cells.
d. in mitosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical.
e. in meiosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical.
8) all of the following are outward signs of inflammation except
a. redness.
b. swelling.
c. pain.
d. lower temperature.
9) which of the following statements describes events during oogenesis?
a. the primary oocyte divides producing two haploid cells.
b. the primary oocyte divides producing four haploid cells.
c. the primary spermatocyte divides producing two spermatids.
d. the primary oocyte divides producing four diploid cells.
e. none of these events occur during oogenesis.
10) damage to the matrix of a bone can result in which of the following complications?
a. there will be a decrease in calcium phosphate resulting in a decrease in calcium and
phosphate ions.
b. there will be a decrease in potassium resulting in a decrease in bone strength.
c. there will be a decrease in the production of white blood cells.
d. the attachment point for muscles will not be as strong resulting in more injuries.
e. none of these are complications associated with damage to the matrix of the bone.
11) evolution of organisms in the three domains and four kingdoms is most accurately
described by which sequence?
a. prokaryotes to protists to plants, from plants separately to both animals and fungi
b. prokaryotes to fungi to protists to plants to animals
c. prokaryotes to protists, from protists separately to fungi, plants, and animals
d. protists to prokaryotes to fungi, from fungi separately to plants and animals
e. prokaryotes to protists, separately to animals and plants with fungi a loss of plant
photosynthesis
12) all of the following are terrestrial biomes except
a. tundra.
b. lentic systems.
c. coniferous forests.
d. savannas.
e. deserts.
13) influenza strains that sweep around the world often carry names such as shanghai
h1n1 or mexico city h2n2. the viruses vary in h and n surface proteins because
a. the viruses reproduce and attack people in cities more often.
b. these viruses emerged as stray dna from the genomes of people in these cities.
c. this is where the antibodies of immune people began to break down and the old virus
was again virulent.
d. when infected people develop immunity to the present virus, strains that mutate
sufficiently to be outside the range of immunity are soon spread in highly populated
areas.
14) present experimental evidence related to griffith's experiment and the identification
of the cell's genetic material.
when experimenting with streptococcus pneumoniae in the 1920's, griffith noticed that
some colonies were shiny and smooth and some were rough in appearance. he called
the shiny colonies, the s strain' and the rough colonies, the r' strain. when griffith
injected mice with the s strain, which he discovered were encapsulated, they died. when
he injected them with the r strain, they did not die. in trying to determine what factor
was responsible for the s strain's virulence, griffith heat-killed the s bacteria to destroy
the capsule. when he injected mice with the normally fatal s strain bacteria that had
been heat-killed, they did not die. however, if the heat-killed s strain bacteria were
mixed with harmless live r strain bacteria of the same species and injected, the mice did
die. surprisingly, living s strain bacteria were recovered from the bodies of the mice.
griffith concluded that some substance from the dead s strain bacteria passed to the r
strain bacteria, imparting virulence and the ability to form a capsule. avery and others
continued the search for the substance that "transformed" the r strain into the s strain.
hypothesis i: genetic material or "transforming substance" is protein.
hypothesis ii: genetic material or "transforming substance" is rna.
hypothesis iii: genetic material or "transforming substance" is dna.
an experiment was performed that demonstrated that the addition of protein-degrading
enzyme did not prevent transformation. this finding:
a. supports hypothesis i
b. supports hypothesis ii
c. supports hypothesis iii
d. rejects hypothesis i only.
e. rejects hypothesis ii only.
f. rejects hypothesis iii only.g. does not support any of these hypotheses.
15) where on this phylogenetic tree of primate evolution do you find the evolution of
humans and species very closely related to humans?
a. no. 1
b. no. 2
c. no. 3
d. no. 4
e. no. 5
16) the easiest method of preventing sea stars from moving is to ____________.
a. plug their madreporite
b. cut off 2 of their arms
c. squeeze the tube feet as they are extended from the body
d. lay them on their arboreal side
e. none of the above would prevent a sea star from moving.
17) in some chordates, the _______ is (are) replaced by ________.
a. pharyngeal pouches; gills
b. dorsal hollow nerve cord; a ventral solid nerve cord
c. gill arches; pharyngeal pouches
d. notochord; a dorsal hollow nerve cord
e. a vertebral column; notochord
18) which of the following statements about axonal membranes is not true?
a. the resting potential of a typical neuron is -65 mv.
b. there is an electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane.
c. the polarity correlates with a difference in ion distribution across the membrane.
d. at rest, there is a higher concentration of sodium ions inside the axon.
e. the sodium-potassium pump establishes a concentration gradient across the
membrane.
19) linnaeus developed his classification system for organisms according to
a. a theory of descent by modification.
b. darwin's theory of evolution.
c. lamarck's theory of evolution.
d. a theory of special creation and fixity of species.
20) ________ discovered that a variety of amino acids and organic acids could be
produced in the laboratory in a reducing atmosphere with electrical sparks.
a. stanley miller
b. graham cairns-smith
c. thomas cech
d. aleksander oparin
e. sidney fox
