1) all food chains begin with a photosynthetic producer.
2) in order for a community to reach the status of climax community, succession must
always begin with pioneer species.
3) the human embryo becomes a fetus at the end of the second month of gestation.
4) in the cells that line the lumen of the small intestine, gap junctions keep materials
from the digestive tract from slipping between the cells and entering the tissues.
5) menopause normally occurs around age 60, when women stop menstruating and their
ovaries are no longer working.
6) in in-vitro fertilization, sperm are placed in the vagina of a woman by a physician.
7) if a change in ph alters an allosteric site where an inhibitor binds, but doesn’t change
the active site for the intended substrate, it would be possible for an enzymatically
controlled reaction to occur as normal.
8) decreases cell carbon dioxide levels, which increases the diffusion gradient.
9) eels are as closely related to lizards as they are to snakes.
10) proteomics involves the application of computer technologies to study databases of
genetic information.
11) mitochondria have an inner membrane system called thylakoid membranes.
12) the sa node receives the initial electrical impulse that will trigger the atrial fibers to
contract.
13) hiv and cancer cells are becoming more drug resistant over time.
14) cloning can only be carried out using adult stem cells.
15) sex chromosome aneuploids are better tolerated and have a better chance of
producing survivors.
16) which of these external stimuli produce movement of a plant toward light?
a. negative gravitropism
b. positive gravitropism
c. thigmotropism
d. negative phototropism
e. positive phototropism
17) all land plants have ________ life cycle(s).
a. a diplontic
b. an alternation of generations
c. both diplontic and alternation of generations
d. haplontic and alternation of generations
e. haplontic, diplontic, and alternation of generations
18) in a 1977 article in science, a botanist reported the strange case of the tambalacoque
tree (calvaria major) of the mauritius islands in the indian ocean. all of the trees appear
to be hundreds of years old and date, as seedlings, to a time before the extinction of the
dodo bird. the seeds of calvaria are very hard and apparently needed to pass through the
digestive tract of the dodo bird before they would germinate. therefore, when there were
no more dodo birds, no more young calvaria trees germinated. luckily, foresters can
artificially scarify the seeds and germinate new trees now that they know this. the
relationship between the dodo bird and the tambalacoque tree is an example of
a. micropropagation.
b. spontaneous dispersal.
c. coevolution.
d. genetic engineering.
e. vegetative propagation.
19) the final electron acceptor in glycolysis is oxygen and this step will occur within the
matrix of the mitochondria.
20) which of the following is not true concerning mitosis?
a. plant cells lack centrioles while animal cells do not.
b. both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis.
c. mitosis allows growth and increase in size in both plants and animals.
d. animal cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis while plant cells do not.
21) the structural features of the small intestine that enable the absorption of nutrients
are the
a. microvilli
b. appendix
c. rugae
d. capillary beds
22) what are the semicircular canals?
a. the point of the eye at which color vision is most acute
b. the part of the eye that contains rods, cones, and bipolar cells
c. the part of the inner ear that recognizes rotational equilibrium and movement
d. the part of the choroid coat of the eye that is attached to the lens and the iris
e. the internal part of the cochlea with hair cells that are stimulated by sound waves
23) which of the following associations of bone structures and functions is not correct?
a. osteoblasts – cells that build bone tissue
b. osteoclasts – cells that break down bone tissue
c. osteons – tubular units of compact bone
d. red bone marrow – fat-storage tissue
e. lacunae – tiny chambers in concentric circles around a central canal
24) periodically shedding their outer covering is a feature unique to the ________
a. ecdysozoans.
b. echonodermata.
c. mollusca.
d. lophotrochozoans.
e. bryozoans.
25) dr. james isolated staphylococcus aureus, a type of bacteria, from the leg wound of
a ten year old boy. he suspected these bacteria would grow better at body temperature
than room temperature (72f), but thought that he should collect data to support his
thinking. dr. james introduced the same number of staphylococcus bacteria into each of
six test tubes containing the same type and amount of nutrient broth. three test tubes
were incubated at 98.6f (group 1), while three test tubes (group 2) sat at 72f. after 24
hours, dr. james compared the turbidity (indicative of growth) of all six tubes and rated
each on a scale of 0 – 4. 0 indicates no turbidity (no growth), while 4 indicates high
turbidity (high growth). the following data was collected:
choose which of the the following statements is ahypothesis for an experiment.
a. based on the data collected during an experiment, s. aureus grows better at body
temperature than room temperature.
b. based on previous experience, it is predicted that s. aureus will grow better at body
temperature than at room temperature.
c. s. aureus grew equally well at room temperature and at body temperature.
d. based on the data collected during the experiment, it is confirmed that s. aureus grew
better at room temperature.
incorrect
26) the members of the supergroup archaeplastida that have cell walls impregnated with
calcium carbonate and help build coral reefs are the _________.
a. diatoms
b. dinoflagellates
c. multicellular green algae
d. brown algae
e. red algae
27) an average person has about _____ neurons.
a. 100,000
b. 1 trillion
c. 2 million
d. 1 billion
28) a person who is b positive will have
a. a antigens, antibodies to b, and rh antigens.
b. b antibodies, antibodies to a, and rh antigens.
c. b antigens, antibodies to a, and no rh antigens.
d. b antigens, antibodies to a, and rh antigens.
e. b antigens, antibodies to b, and rh antigens.
29) which of the following statements about the brain is not correct?
a. the pineal gland secretes serotonin, which is involved in mood changes.
b. the thalamus relays sensory input from lower brain areas to the cerebrum.
c. the cerebellum functions in muscle coordination, posture, and balance.
d. the medulla oblongata has reflex centers for vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and
swallowing.
e. the hypothalamus is concerned with homeostasis and regulation of thirst, hunger, and
blood pressure.
30) as “civilization” spread around the world, several species benefitted greatly from
new human-made habitats, including the house fly, the norwegian rat, and many crop
plants. generally, with expansion of human populations and agriculture,
a. there has been an increase in biological diversity.
b. biological diversity has remained the same, with human-associated organisms
replacing the few natural species displaced.
c. biological diversity has decreased but mainly with the elimination of pests by
humans.
d. biological diversity is decreasing at an accelerating rate with the elimination of many
unstudied species.