How does a polytene chromosome differ from a typical eukaryotic chromosome?
What two experimental procedures allowed deciphering of the ordered triplet
assignments of the genetic code?
Typically, one thinks of identical (MZ) twins being genetically identical. However,
genomic differences do exist between MZ twins by epigenetic processes. What are
epigenetic processes?
Experiments conducted in the 1920s by Frederick Griffith involving the bacterium
Diplococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that a substance from one bacterial strain could
genetically transform other bacterial strains. What was the name of the substance
capable of such transformation, and who finally determined its identity?
In general, what two methods are used to grow bacteria in the laboratory?
Three human disordersfragile X syndrome, myotonic dystrophy, and Huntington
diseaseare conceptually linked by a common mode of molecular upset. Describe the
phenomena that link these disorders.
What is a popular approach that is often used to introduce the targeting vector into
cells?
What are zinc fingers, and why are they frequently encountered in descriptions of
genetic regulation in eukaryotes?
Regarding regulation of the trp operon, what might one appropriately call the amino
acid tryptophan?
Regarding the trp operon, trpR maps to a considerable distance from the structural
genes. The mutation either inhibits the interaction with tryptophan or inhibits repressor
formation entirely. In the presence of tryptophan in the medium, would you expect the
trp operon to be transcriptionally active? Explain.
What is a bacteriophage?
Define the term broad-sense heritability (H2). What is implied by a relatively high
value of H2? Express aspects of broad-sense heritability in equation form
Assume that a new mutation occurs in the germ line of an individual. What finding
would suggest that the new mutation is dominant rather than recessive?
Describe the mutagenic action of the following two mutagens: 5-bromouracil and
ultraviolet light.
Name two cellular organelles, each containing genetic material, which are involved in
either photosynthesis or respiration.