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The leasing of convicts to private entrepreneurs took hold in the:
a. North.
b. West.
c. South.
d. East.
According to Clear, Cole, and Reisig, __________ is the most visible penalty imposed
by the criminal justice system.
a. imprisonment
b. probation
c. parole
d. the death sentence
In what case did the Supreme Court rule that the defendant does not have a right to
receive a copy of the presentence investigation report?
a. Williams v. New York
b. Morrisey v. Brewer
c. Gagnon v. Scarpelli
d. Bell v. Wolfish
The argument that African Americans are more criminal than whites by nature:
a. is a fact.
b. is not sustained by the evidence.
c. is sustained by evidence in the court system
d. shows that racism is well hidden in the criminal justice system.
a. Prison newcomer
b. Cigarettes
c. Values and norms of the prison social system
d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities
e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items
f. Method of learning the prison subculture
g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society
h. Take advantage of prison programs
i. Main source of inmate violence
j. semiautonomous institutions
1) Inmate code
2) Unit management
3) Gleaning
4) Jailing
5) Prisonization
6) Fish
7) Commissary
8) Contraband
9) Informal prison "money"
10) Gangs
Parole is also known as:
a. conditional release.
b. freedom.
c. reentry.
d. punishment.
Parole officer caseloads average:
a. 36 cases per officer.
b. 50 cases per officer.
c. 66 cases per officer.
d. 80 cases per officer.
93 percent of the adult prison population is:
a. African American.
b. Latino.
c. Male.
d. White.
Correctional treatment programs have proven to be most effective with:
a. compulsive and habitual drug abusers.
b. pedophiles.
c. career criminals.
d. none of these.
The opening of Eastern State Penitentiary in 1829 marked the full development of the:
a. the congregate system.
b. the labor system.
c. the separate confinement system.
d. the Howard system.
_______________are those areas where crime seems constant; community policing
attempts to change the dynamic of those areas.
a. hot spots
b. problems
c. locations
d. issues
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small-group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i. Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j. Regulate non-criminal behavior
1) Community Correctional Center
2) Reentry courts
3) Expungement
4) Civil disability
5) Relapse Process
6) Work release center
7) Probable cause
8) Technical violations
9) Conditions of release
10) Pardon
One example of techno-corrections is:
a. electronic monitoring
b. guard tower controls
c. probation officer
d. work-release centers
According to your text, situational offenders pose many problems for the correctional
system. Which of the following has been identified as a problem with this offender?
a. They will generally repeat the offense in the future.
b. They are extremely difficult to rehabilitate.
c. Their crimes are usually less serious than most crimes committed by other offenders.
d. They are the most problematic and violent prisoners in the inmate social system.
By the mid-1800s, reformers were __________ with the penitentiary.
a. satisfied
b. delighted
c. disillusioned
d. distrustful
Which of the following is the centralpurpose of punishment?
a. To provide housing
b. To protect society
c. To carry out the criminal sentence
d. All of these
According to the author, __________ is a method of applying scientific knowledge to
practical purposes in a particular field.
a. Technology
b. Language
c. Politics
d. Persuasions
Until 1870 women inmates were generally treated:
a. with chivalry.
b. like delicate flowers.
c. the same as men.
d. more harshly than men.
The new movement that seeks to establish correctional programs falling between
standard probation and prison is called:
a. penal sanctions.
b. probation.
c. primary sanctions.
d. intermediate sanctions.
The way someone behaves in accordance with an order or directive given by another
person is:
a. normative power.
b. remunerative power.
c. coercive power.
d. compliance.
A __________ condition establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the offender
either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime.
a. service
b. remunerative
c. restitution
d. recompense
HIV/AIDS is transmitted through blood and saliva.
Proponents of boot camps argue that young offenders get involved in crime because:
a. they lack self-esteem.
b. they lack decent job skills.
c. they lack education.
d. they lack both self-esteem and decent job skills.
Which of the following is not a purpose of gangs in prison?
a. protection
b. extortion
c. religion
d. camaraderie
Executions, in most parts of the country, were carried out in public until the:
a. 1750s.
b. 1830s.
c. 1870s.
d. 1900s.
Almost 60 percent of America's jails ______ prisoners for at least some of the medical
care they receive.
a. punish
b. charge
c. turn away
d. reprimand
To ensure thorough deliberation before imposing the death sentence, legislatures
enacted:
a. an oversight committee.
b. a waiting period.
c. a sentencing grid.
d. a two-stage process.
The Military Commissions Act (MCA) __________ the ability of "unlawful enemy
combatants" to file a writ of habeas corpus.
a. permits
b. fosters
c. enhances
d. eliminates
What category of personnel comprises the majority of an institution's employees?
a. Custodial
b. Industry
c. Professional
d. Program
Money or other compensation is awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action when the person
sued has:
a. ministerial liability.
b. personal liability.
c. civil liability.
d. strict liability.
Which court decision held that the basic elements of procedural due process must be
present when decisions are made concerning the disciplining of an inmate?
a. Wolff v. McDonnell
b. Holt v. Sarver
c. Estelle v. Gamble
d. Pugh v. Locke
More African American men attend colleges and universities than are behind bars.
The original penitentiary relied on penance and contemplation as the means for the
criminal offender to move from sin toward perfection.
Four factors have influenced the growth of the penal system including age,
race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status and ___________.
The reformatory movement advocated for separation for women prisoners from men,
differential care, and ____________.
As recognized by the author, Most states place inmates in lower custody levels than
necessary.
The cost of prison continues to increase with the rising number of offenders entering the
system.
___________________is the solution sought under the problem-solving philosophy of
community justice.
When social distance breaks down, officers are more prone to commit _________
violations.
The philosophy of the U.S. corrections system has remained static over the years.
An institution intended to isolate offenders from society and one another so they could
reflect on their misdeeds, repent, and undergo reformation is called a _____________.
The role of programs in prison is static regardless of the prison population and outside
influences.
Public service workers who interact directly with citizens are known as ___________.
Like women in other criminal justice fields, women who work in corrections deal with
_____________.
Deinstitutionalization allows offenders the ability to also use affect treatment strategies
in the community.
The community justice approach combines crime control and rehabilitation.
Disproportionate confinement of minority juveniles often stems from disparity at the
______________________________.
