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166
Chapter 8: Gendered Education: Communication in Schools
Multiple Choice
1.
Which of the following helps explain why U.S. women are less likely to pursue careers
in scientific and mathematical fields?
A.
In high school, girls take fewer advanced math classes than boys.
B.
Most girls have significantly less natural aptitude for science and math than do most
boys.
C.
There are no women professors in the sciences or math, making it difficult for
young women to envision themselves succeeding in these areas of study.
D.
Some faculty members and peers assume that females have less aptitude in these
fields.
E.
All of the above.
2.
Which of the following is a challenge that males typically face in academics?
A.
Compared to same-aged girls, boys have more energy and less impulse control so
they are less likely to adjust to early school contexts.
B.
Boys are viewed as being less able than girls to use the logic required for complex
mathematics.
C.
In accordance with masculine socialization, males have more pressure to be self-
reliant and are less likely to ask questions.
D.
Males have less school athletic opportunities since federal law has mandated equal
money and support to female athletes under Title IX.
E.
All of the above.
3.
Peer pressure enacted by college women emphasizes being attractive to men over class
work and career preparation. In addition, some female college students discover that
their career goals are not taken seriously. These factors comprise , which
researchers believe help explain these young women’s lower ambitions after college.
A.
effortless perfection
B.
the culture of romance
C.
the hidden curriculum
D.
both A and B
E.
none of the above
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REF: p. 168
4.
In a course on mass media history, the professor shows the film “Empire of the Air:
The Men Who Made Radio,” which ascribes the entire development of radio to three
men: David Sarnoff, Lee DeForest, and Edwin Armstrong, ignoring the contributions
of women and minorities to the development of the medium. This is an example of
what?
A.
Gender-stereotyped curriculum
B.
Invisible hand discrimination
C.
Gender-stereotyped discrimination
D.
Hidden discrimination
E.
None of the above
5.
Carolyn is a brilliant, but strict teacher who smiles rarely and is a tough grader. During
a review, her department chair tells her she should warm up to the students and offer
them more emotional support. Which of the following terms best describes the
department chair’s evaluation of how Carolyn should act?
A.
Hidden curriculum
B.
Hidden hand discrimination
C.
Invisible hand discrimination
D.
Invisible curriculum
E.
None of the above
6.
Which of the following is true about Title IX?
A.
All U.S. schools must abide by the rules of Title IX.
B.
Title IX has led to a decrease in athletic programs for men.
C.
Title IX bans sex discrimination only in athletics.
D.
Most Americans approve of Title IX.
E.
Because of Title IX, male and female student athletes receive an equal number
of scholarship dollars.
7.
Which of the following is a challenge that gender-nonconforming students often face?
A.
The binary norm that force students into male or female categories
B.
Pressure to be self-reliant and not ask questions
C.
Pressure to always look good and appear put-together without seeming to put
any effort into doing so
D.
Be attractive to men
166
E.
All of the above
8.
Topic or question should by authored by a student. See pages 8 to 10 of this manual
for details on this activity.
True/False
9.
On average, male students in the United States lag behind their female peers in academics,
particularly in early elementary school.
10.
Boys are more likely than girls to earn a master’s degree.
11.
When non-U.S. cultures are examined, it becomes clear that there are innate sex differences
in math and science ability.
12.
People practicing invisible hand discrimination truly believe they are acting in an unbiased
manner.
13.
Socioeconomic status, more than sex, is a factor in a student’s success in higher education.
14.
Male faculty are more likely to offer mentorships to male students than female students.
15.
More women hold full professorships in American colleges and universities than men do.
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16.
Black men are less likely to get a college degree than white men and white women but
more likely to obtain a degree than black women.
17.
Male students generally study and prepare more for classes than female students do.
18.
Title IX
19.
Culture of romance
20.
Invisible hand discrimination
21.
Effortless perfection
22.
Bullying
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23.
Discuss the controversy over female abilities for math and/or science. How do females
typically fare in math and science? Be sure to address biological and social factors.
ANS: The belief that females are not adept at math or science has persisted in the United States
for some time. In early years, girls do just as well as boys in mathematics in school in the United
24.
Describe how gender contributes to how women faculty members are expected to serve
the universities for which they work.
ANS: Because there are fewer women and minority faculty members at most universities, these
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25.
With the passage of Title IX, female students were given access to athletic opportunities
that were unknown to women of prior generations. Explain the basic framework of Title IX—
what it promises and requires—and based on information found in Chapter 8, assess how well
schools are implementing this law.
ANS: Title IX requires that women be provided an equitable opportunity to participate in sports.
26.
Same-sex schools provide some benefits that are appealing to many students, parents, and
educators. However, same-sex schools present issues for trans-people that nongender queer
people do not confront. Note three potential problems that trans-people face at same-sex schools
that others do not. Then, propose a potential solution to one of those problems.
27.
Both males and females can be disadvantaged by U.S. school systems. Overall, which group
students do you think experiences the most gender-based disadvantages in education? Be sure to
use examples of disadvantages and/or other information from the chapter to support your
opinion.
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28.
Essay question that integrates theory covered in readings with an issue discussed
