978-1259892707 Test Bank Part I Elements Part 1

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Part I

Elements

1. How can music be defined?

A. Sounds produced by musical instruments

2. The four main properties of musical sounds are pitch, dynamics, tone color, and ______.

D. medium

3. The relative highness or lowness of a sound is called ______.

4. The _____ of a sound is decided by the frequency of its vibrations.

A. dynamics

5. What is pitch in music?

A. The degree of loudness or softness in music

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6. A specific pitch corresponds to a specific ______.

A. amplitude

7. How is the frequency of vibrations measured?

A. In cycles per minute

Feedback: Frequency of a sound’s vibration—their speed—is measured in cycles per second.

8. In general, the smaller the vibrating element, the __________ its pitch.

D. louder

9. In music, a sound that has a definite pitch is called a ______.

A. noise

10. A tone in music is a sound that ______.

A. is pleasing to the ear

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11. The distance in pitch between any two tones is called ______.

A. duration

12. If a pitch vibrates at 880 cycles, the octave below would vibrate at ____ cycles.

A. 220

13. The interval that occurs when two different tones blend so well when sounded together that they seem to merge into one tone,

is called a(n) ______.

A. dynamic accent

14. When tones are separated by the interval called a(n) ______, they sound very much alike.

A. pitch range

15. The distance between the lowest and highest tones a voice or instrument can produce is called ______.

D. timbre

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Feedback: The distance between the lowest and highest tones that a voice or instrument can produce is called its pitch range, or

simply its range.

16. To what does dynamics in music refer?

A. The quality that distinguishes musical sounds

17. The loudness of a sound is related to the _________ of the vibration that produces the sound.

A. timbre

18. A dynamic accent occurs in music when a performer does what?

D. Begins speeding up the music

19. When a performer emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tones around it, it is called a ______.

A. blooper

20. When notating music for others to read, composers traditionally have used ____________ words to indicate dynamics.

A. English

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Learning Objective: Know the terms and symbols used to refer to dynamics in music

Topic: Dynamics

Feedback: When notating music, composers have traditionally used Italian words, and their abbreviations, to indicate dynamics.

21. The Italian dynamic markings traditionally used to indicate very soft, soft, and very loud are respectively ______.

A. piano, mezzo forte, forte

22. A gradual increase in loudness is known as a ______.

A. decrescendo

23. A gradual decrease in loudness is known as a ______.

A. ritardando

24. Timbre is synonymous with ______.

A. sound

25. Tone color is synonymous with ______.

A. sound

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C. timbre

D. dynamic accent

26. Why is it more difficult to sing than to speak?

A. Singing demands a greater supply of air and control of breath.

27. On what does the range of a singer’s voice depend?

A. Training and musical style

28. While professional singers can command a pitch range of two octaves or more, an untrained voice is usually limited to about

______.

A. half an octave

29. Which of the following is not a normal classification of male voice ranges?

D. Bass

30. To what does register refer?

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A. Part of an instrument’s total range

B. Playing two or more notes at the same time

C. The instrument manufacturer’s brand name

D. The number of reeds an instrument uses

31. When music is created at the same time as it is performed, it is said to be ______.

A. percussive

32. A symphonic band is different from an orchestra due to the absence of ______.

A. brass

33. The bow that string players usually use to produce sound on their instruments is a slightly curved stick strung tightly with

______.

A. catgut

34. How are the strings of a violin tuned?

D. At the factory

35. Plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called ______.

A. tremolo

36. Pizzicato is an indication to the performer to ______.

A. draw the bow across two strings at the same time

37. When the string player causes small pitch fluctuations by rocking the left hand while pressing the string down, it is called

______.

D. nervosa

38. Why does a string player use vibrato?

A. The performer is unsure of the correct pitch.

39. The very high-pitched tones that are produced when a string player lightly touches certain points on a string are called

______.

D. tremolo

40. Rapidly repeating tones by quick up-and-down strokes of the bow is a string technique known as ______.

D. portamento

41. Woodwind instruments are so named because they ______.

A. are made of wood

42. The highest woodwind instrument in the orchestra is the ______.

D. clarinet

43. The lowest woodwind instrument in the orchestra is the ______.

A. piccolo flute

44. How do flute and piccolo players produce sound?

D. By vibrating a double reed

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Feedback: Woodwind instruments are great individualists and are much less alike in tone color than the various strings. Flute and

piccolo players blow across the edge of a mouth hole, but the rest of the woodwind instruments rely on a vibrating reed.

45. A thin piece of cane, used singly or in pairs by woodwind players, is called a ______.

D. mouthpiece

46. The English horn is a ________ instrument.

47. The saxophone is a ______.

A. double-reed woodwind instrument

48. Which of the following is not a double-reed instrument?

A. Oboe

49. Which of the following is not a brass instrument?

A. Cornet

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Topic: Woodwind instruments

Feedback: The English horn is a double-reed woodwind.

50. The vibrations of brass instruments come from ______.

A. valves

51. Brass instruments did not acquire valves until the ____________________ century.

A. middle of the 18th

52. Before 1850, French horn and trumpet players would insert ___________ into their instruments to change the range of

available pitches.

D. mouthpieces

53. A hollow, funnel-shaped piece of wood, plastic, or metal that brass players use to alter the tone of their instruments is called a

______.

A. tailpiece

54. The ___________ are the only orchestral drums of definite pitch.

A. snare drums

55. Which of the following is not a percussion instrument of definite pitch?

D. Chimes

56. Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra uses a theme by which English composer?

D. Gustav Holst

57. The xylophone consists of a set of _____ bars that are played with mallets.

A. metal

58. The _________ pedal is the most important of the three pedals usually found on a piano.

D. swell

59. The piano has _______ keys, spanning more than seven octaves.

A. 47

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Identify keyboard instruments

Topic: Keyboard instruments

Feedback: The piano has 88 keys that span more than seven octaves.

60. The _________ has strings that are plucked by a set of plastic, leather, or quill wedges.

A. piano

61. An organist controls various sets of pipes by pulling knobs called ______.

A. pipes

62. The _______ is a keyboard instrument that uses vibrating air columns to produce sound.

D. accordion

63. In the full score of an orchestral composition, the families of instruments are arranged from top to bottom in the order of

______.

A. strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion

64. Which of the following is a technique normally associated with composition in a tape studio?

A. Recorded sounds

65. The main tool of composers of electronic music during the 1950s was the ______.

A. MIDI

66. _________ are systems of electronic components that generate, modify, and control sound.

A. Amplifiers

67. What does synthesizers do?

A. They can usually be played by means of a keyboard.

68. A technology based on placing brief digital recordings of live sounds under the control of a synthesizer keyboard is known as

______.

D. MIDI

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69. A computer program known as a(n) ______ enables composers to record audio onto separate tracks and mix and synchronize

the results into compositions

D. tape studio

70. A composer may use a digital audio workstation to manipulate sound by ______.

A. filtering

71. ProTools, Digital Performer, Adobe Audition, Logic Pro, and GarageBand are all examples of ______.

A. computers

D. Quality of the computers used

73. The ________ is a regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time.

D. rhythm

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Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Recognize beat in music

Topic: Rhythm

Feedback: Beat is a regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time. Beats can be represented by marks on

a timeline.

74. The element of music defined as the ordered flow of music through time, or more specifically, the particular arrangement of

note lengths in a piece of music, is ______.

A. beat

75. The organization of beats into regular groups is called ______.

D. dynamics

regular groups is called meter.

76. The first, or stressed, beat of a measure is known as the ______.

A. upbeat

77. _____________ is the effect of unexpected accents in the music.

A. Meter

78. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of jazz music?

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C. Expiation

D. A ritardando

79. The term ___________ refers to the speed of the beat of the music.

A. meter

D. largo

81. The Italian term _____________ is a tempo marking to indicate a lively pace.

A. andante

82. Which of the following is the slowest tempo indication?

D. Vivace

83. A gradual slowing-down of tempo is indicated by the term ______.

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D. crescendo

84. A _______________ is an apparatus that produces ticking sounds or flashes of light at any desired musical speed.

A. clock

85. A ___________ sign is used in musical notation to cancel a previous sharp or flat sign.

86. Western music uses ____________ letters of the alphabet to indicate pitch.

A. the first five

87. In musical notation, pitches are written on a set of five horizontal lines called a ______.

88. A _______ is placed at the beginning of a staff to show the exact pitch of each line and space.