Chapter 3—Motivation: Maximizing Productivity
1. Vroom believes that people behave in certain ways only if they expect that behavior to help them reach
a goal.
2. Wants and needs are the same.
3. Secondary needs are associated with psychological motives and are complex in nature.
4. McClelland’s acquired needs theory is based on a correlation of an individual’s needs and his early
personality development.
5. Knowledge workers are those who earn their living by what they know rather than what they produce.
6. The level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs that includes the desire for meaningful affiliation with others,
love, affection, and acceptance in society is the self-esteem needs level.
7. Secondary needs are the total needs or drives within individuals that energize behavior.
8. Motivation is a complex subject.
9. Herzberg believed that only a felt need motivates, and once a need is satisfied, it ceases to motivate.
10. Good leaders regularly set goals with their staff.
11. Motivational factors in the workplace are changing.
12. Financial rewards are the only effective outside motivators.
13. Early forces are the most easily influenced of the motivational source fields.
14. Needs can be fulfilled in only one way.
15. Office camaraderie and friendship inhibits productivity and should be totally banned.
16. Positions of leadership require that we motivate others.
17. Generation Xers tend to be entrepreneurial and are completely comfortable with the Internet.
18. Herzberg’s hygiene factors include working conditions and job security, salary and employee benefits,
and quality of supervision.
19. Words of praise and encouragement are very motivating.
20. Learning to distinguish wants from needs can help us be more satisfied with what we have as well as
assist us in reaching our goals.
21. Primary needs are basic needs such as food, water, sleep, and shelter.
22. All individuals are motivated by exactly the same things.
23. Today’s workers place very little value on leisure time.
24. Bernstein and Rozen found similarities between what employees say motivates them and what
companies today are providing.
25. Motivation experts generally agree that all human behavior is goal directed and revolves around the
desire for satisfaction.
26. The theorist who felt motivation was based on a correlation of individuals’ needs and their early
personality development is
a.
Maslow
b.
Vroom
c.
McClelland
27. Needs associated with psychological motives are called
a.
Tertiary needs
b.
Secondary needs
c.
Primary needs
28. Psychologists generally agree that all human behavior is
a.
Never predictable
b.
The same when individuals are in similar situations
c.
Goal directed
29. The needs or drives within individuals that energize certain behaviors are called
a.
Actualization
b.
Motivation
c.
Visualization
30. Baby boomers are generally very motivated by
a.
Money
b.
An interesting and challenging job
c.
Negative reinforcement
31. The most easily manipulated of the motivational source fields are the
a.
Outside forces
b.
Early forces
c.
Inside forces
32. The theorist who felt people would behave in certain ways only if they expected certain results from
that behavior is
a.
Herzberg
b.
McClelland
c.
Vroom
33. McClelland’s acquired needs theory identified the following as needs that motivate behavior.
a.
Achievement, actualization, and power
b.
Achievement, affiliation, and power
c.
Achievement, affiliation, and esteem
34. Factors that Herzberg identified as motivating are
a.
Advancement, salary, and responsibility
b.
Job security, salary, and benefits
c.
Advancement, recognition, and responsibility
35. Hygiene and motivational factors are found in
a.
Herzberg theory
b.
McClelland’s theory
c.
Vroom theory
36. Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs pyramid from bottom to top is
a.
Basic needs, social needs, safety needs, self–esteem needs, and self-actualization needs
b.
Basic needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs
c.
Basic needs, safety needs, self-actualization needs, and self-esteem needs
37. To reach goals, we must learn to delay gratification of
a.
Needs
b.
Wants
c.
Wants and needs
38. Primary needs include
a.
Food, water, affiliation, and respect
b.
Security, affiliation, and respect
c.
Food, water, air, and shelter
39. Individuals whose goals are unmet react
a.
Only by using defense mechanisms
b.
Only with destructive behavior
c.
At times with constructive behavior
40. Motivating in a work situation depends on
a.
The follower only
b.
The leader only
c.
Both leader and follower
41. Maslow‘s level of needs that includes the desire for meaningful affiliation with others, love, affection,
and acceptance in society is the ____________________ needs level.
42. ____________________ are factors in Herzberg‘s two-factor theory of motivation that are necessary to
maintain a reasonable level of satisfaction among employees. These factors do not necessarily
motivate.
43. ____________________ is the needs or drives within individuals that energize certain behaviors.
44. Maslow‘s ____________________ needs are those needs required to sustain life comfortably such as
food, water, air, sleep, and shelter.
45. ____________________ believed that only a felt need motivates, and that once that need is satisfied it
ceases to motivate.
46. Maslow‘s level of needs that includes a need for personal growth and using one’s abilities to the fullest
extent is the ____________________ needs level.
47. ____________________ factors are factors in Herzberg‘s two-factor theory of motivation that build
high levels of motivation such as achievement, recognition, and responsibility.
48. McClelland identified three basic needsachievement, affiliation, and ____________________.
49. The theorist who felt that people behave in certain ways based on their expectation of results of that
behavior is ____________________.
50. Psychologists generally agree that all human behavior is ____________________.