Management, 14e (Robbins/Coulter)
Chapter 17 Being an Effective Leader
1) Persons who are able to influence others and who possess managerial authority are termed
________.
A) entrepreneurs
B) leaders
C) managers
D) visionaries
2) An important aspect of leadership is influencing a group to achieve its goals.
3) Early research on leadership traits ________.
A) sought to prove that charisma was an essential trait of leadership
B) focused on behavioral traits rather than physical traits of a leader
C) found consistent and unique traits that would apply to all effective leaders
D) focused on characteristics that might differentiate leaders from nonleaders
4) In his speech the previous day, the new CEO had discussed his experience in the industry and
his education. Carrie thought that the new CEO would do a great job given these characteristics,
coupled with his good oratory skills and the fact that he just looked like a CEO. Carrie realized
that she had been judging the new CEO in a manner consistent with the ________ theories of
leadership.
A) trait
B) behavioral
C) contingency
D) situational
5) Trait theory ignores ________.
A) physical traits of leaders
B) the aspects of honesty and integrity
C) the interactions of leaders and their group members as well as situational factors
D) the fact that leaders should be able to create visions and solve problems
6) Which one of the following describes the leadership style in which a leader tends to centralize
authority, dictate work methods, make unilateral decisions, and limit employee participation?
A) authoritarian style
B) autocratic style
C) democratic style
D) laissez-faire style
7) In working with his employees, Carlos involves them in decision making and encourages
them to participate in deciding their work methods and goals. Carlos’s leadership style can best
be described as ________.
A) autocratic
B) laissez-faire
C) democratic
D) participative
8) Bernard expects his employees to “check their brains at the door.” He does all the thinking,
makes all the decisions, and issues commands to his subordinates. Bernard uses the ________
style of leadership.
A) autocratic
B) authoritarian
C) democratic
D) laissez-faire
9) The ________ style of leadership describes a leader who tends to involve employees in
decision making, delegate authority, encourage participation in deciding work methods and
goals, and use feedback as an opportunity for coaching employees.
A) participative
B) autocratic
C) democratic
D) laissez-faire
10) Barbara solicits input from her subordinates before making decisions that will affect them.
She often praises them for good work and gently offers suggestions to improve their
performance. Barbara uses the ________ style of leadership.
A) autocratic
B) participative
C) democratic
D) supportive
11) Which one of the following describes the leadership style in which the leader generally gives
the group complete freedom to make decisions and complete the work in whatever way it sees
fit?
A) facilitative style
B) delegative style
C) democratic style
D) laissez-faire style
12) Connie sees her role as someone who provides direction and resources for her team then gets
out of their way and lets them do their work however they think best. Connie uses the ________
style of leadership.
A) autocratic
B) participative
C) facilitative
D) laissez-faire
13) According to the University of Iowa behavioral studies, group members’ satisfaction levels
were generally ________.
A) higher under a supportive leader in the long run
B) improved when the leader was production oriented
C) maintained when the leader was directive in the short run
D) higher under a democratic leader than under an autocratic one
14) When employee satisfaction is measured, employees seemed to be more satisfied under a(n)
________ leadership style than under a(n) ________ one.
A) laissez-faire; participative
B) supportive; laissez-faire
C) democratic; directive
D) democratic; autocratic
15) According to the Ohio State studies, ________ refers to the extent to which a leader is likely
to define and shape his or her role and the roles of group members in the search for goal
attainment.
A) people orientation
B) production orientation
C) initiating structure
D) consideration
16) According to the Ohio State studies, the ________ dimension of leader behavior is defined as
the extent to which a leader has job relationships characterized by mutual trust and respect for
group members’ ideas and feelings.
A) relationship management
B) consideration
C) people orientation
D) integrity
17) Susan has a reputation of being fair, helpful, and understanding. She even helped her
subordinate overcome a personal crisis. Which one of the following dimensions of leadership is
Susan displaying here?
A) consideration
B) initiating structure
C) employee orientation
D) task orientation
18) The University of Michigan studies used the two dimensions of ________ and ________ to
study behavioral characteristics of leaders.
A) employee oriented; production oriented
B) consideration; initiating structure
C) task; people
D) decision-making; employee development
19) The managerial grid used the behavioral dimensions “concern for people” and ________ and
evaluated a leader’s use of these behaviors, ranking them on a scale from 1 (low) to 9 (high).
A) “concern for integrity”
B) “concern for profit”
C) “concern for environment”
D) “concern for production”
20) Despite the best efforts of researchers, it proved impossible to identify one set of traits that
would always differentiate leaders from nonleaders.
21) Effective leaders do not need a high degree of knowledge about the company, industry, and
technical matters.
22) Cognitive theories are leadership theories that identified behaviors that differentiated
effective leaders from ineffective leaders.
23) According to the University of Michigan studies, leaders who are production oriented are
described as emphasizing interpersonal relationships and as taking a personal interest in the
needs of their followers.
24) The managerial grid only provides a framework for conceptualizing leadership style.
25) In a short essay, identify four traits associated with leadership and give an example of each.
26) In a short essay, contrast the three major behavior studies on leadership.
27) To measure a leader’s style, Fiedler developed the ________.
A) contingency grid
B) situational leadership theory
C) managerial grid
D) least-preferred co-worker questionnaire
28) The ________ model proposed that effective group performance depended upon the proper
match between the leader’s style of interacting with his or her followers and the degree to which
the situation allowed the leader to control and influence.
A) Fiedler contingency
B) situational leadership
C) University of Michigan
D) path-goal
29) Fiedler would expect that the best leadership style was a function of ________.
A) leader-member relations, task structure, and position power
B) formal authority, production orientation, and consideration
C) chain of command, relationships, and power
D) situation, personality of leader, and readiness of employees
30) Fiedler’s dimension termed ________ is the degree of confidence, trust, and respect
subordinates have for their leader.
A) leader-member relations
B) position power
C) task structure
D) leader-member exchange
31) The degree to which the job assignments are formalized and proceduralized is the ________
contingency dimension identified by Fiedler.
A) production orientation
B) initiating structure
C) task structure
D) organizational structure
32) Fiedler’s term ________ refers to the degree of influence a leader has over power-based
activities.
A) leader-member relations
B) position power
C) responsibility
D) task structure
33) Fiedler assumed a person’s leadership style was ________.
A) contingent upon the situation
B) relatively flexible
C) democratic
D) fixed
34) Research by Fiedler uncovered three contingency dimensions that define the key ________.
A) situational factors for determining leader effectiveness
B) follower factors for determining leader effectiveness
C) leader behavior factors for determining leader effectiveness
D) situational factors for determining follower effectiveness
35) Reviews of the major studies undertaken to test the overall validity of Fiedler’s model have
shown ________.
A) considerable evidence to refute the model
B) mixed results with some studies supporting the model and others refuting it
C) support for only part of the model
D) considerable evidence to support the model
36) Jack emphasizes to his people that the work must be done, regardless of circumstances, and
encourages his employees to meet their sales quotas. He is generally liked, but because sales are
unstructured, sometimes his employees resent his rather heavy-handed approach. Fiedler’s
contingency model would classify Jack as ________ oriented.
A) employee
B) organization
C) task
D) relationship
37) Jill has tried hard to build a good rapport with her employees and knows each of their
families. She encourages her employees to work hard, but to be certain to take time out for
themselves and their families. Fiedler’s contingency model would classify Jill as ________
oriented.
A) production
B) consideration
C) task
D) relationship
38) The ________ leadership theory is a contingency theory that focuses on followers’ readiness.
A) adaptive
B) situational
C) adjustable
D) facilitative
39) According to Hersey and Blanchard, a high task-low relationship situation calls for the
________ leadership style.
A) delegating
B) telling
C) participating
D) selling
40) The “telling” style of Hersey and Blanchard is most like the ________ style of the University
of Iowa studies.
A) laissez-faire
B) democratic
C) autocratic
D) participative
41) Which one of the following leadership styles describes a leader who provides both directive
and supportive behavior?
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
42) Chuck manages the front-end crew at a fast food restaurant. For most of his crew, this is their
first job so they have very few job skills but also seem reluctant to perform. In this situation,
Chuck should use the ________ style.
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
43) Don has been on the job only a few days. He still has a lot to learn but pays close attention
whenever his job coach gives him tips. The best style for the job coach to use is ________.
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
44) Jeremy is not in the habit of deciding everything on his own. He involves his team in the
decision-making process as much as possible. He believes in communicating clearly and is
always ready to help his team to get the best out of them. Jeremy’s leadership style will be
classified as which one of the following?
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
45) Which one of the following leadership styles describes a leader who provides little direction
or support?
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
46) Which leadership theory asserts that a leader’s job is to assist followers in attaining their
goals and to ensure that their goals are compatible with the goals of the group or organization?
A) Fiedler’s Theory
B) Leader-Member Exchange
C) Leader Participation Model
D) Path-Goal Theory
47) According to the path-goal theory, a leader who lets subordinates know what’s expected of
them, schedules work to be done, and gives specific guidance as to how to accomplish tasks is
termed ________.
A) directive
B) achievement oriented
C) participative
D) supportive
48) According to the path-goal theory, a manager who consults with subordinates and uses their
suggestions exhibits what type of leadership behavior?
A) directive
B) achievement oriented
C) participative
D) supportive
49) According to the path-goal theory, a leader who is friendly and shows concern for the needs
of subordinates is termed ________.
A) directive
B) achievement oriented
C) participative
D) supportive
50) Alex was classified as an achievement-oriented leader by his team. Which one of the
following would describe Alex’s leadership style best?
A) He lets subordinates know what’s expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives
specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks.
B) He shows concern for the needs of his subordinates and is friendly.
C) He sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level.
D) He consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision.
51) Brooke has decided that the appropriate leadership style would be to show friendliness and
concern for the needs of her subordinates. According to the path-goal model, she wishes to be
a(n) ________ leader.
A) relationship-oriented
B) participative
C) supportive
D) considerate
52) The path-goal theory is a(n) ________ model of leadership that extracts key elements from
the expectancy theory of motivation.
A) fixed
B) alternative
C) contingency
D) untested
53) Eddie generally lets subordinates know what’s expected of them, schedules work to be done,
and gives specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks. He would be termed a(n) ________
leader.
A) high-structure
B) situational
C) supportive
D) directive
54) Which one of the following would support Evelyn’s attempt at becoming a participative
leader?
A) She lets subordinates know what’s expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives
specific guidance as to how to accomplish tasks.
B) She is friendly and shows concern for the needs of subordinates.
C) She consults her subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision.
D) She sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level.
55) Lately Francesca has been setting challenging goals and expecting subordinates to perform at
their highest level. According to the path-goal model, she is acting as a(n) ________ leader.
A) achievement-oriented
B) high structure
C) production-oriented
D) high task
56) When Fred recently met with the employees to let them know the product schedules and
what he expected of them, he displayed which one of the following leadership styles?
A) directive
B) supportive
C) participative
D) achievement-oriented
57) Which one of the following is included in the class of contingency variables termed
“environment” by the path-goal theory?
A) task structure and formal authority system
B) locus of control and experience
C) perceived ability
D) employee satisfaction
58) Which one of the following is included in the class of contingency variables termed
“follower” by the path-goal theory?
A) locus of control
B) work group relationships
C) employee compensation
D) formal authority system
59) According to the path-goal model, when Ginger spends time with the employees so they can
see that she is friendly and has concern for them, she displays which one of the following
leadership styles?
A) considerate
B) supportive
C) participative
D) people-oriented