52. Why did President Bush create the White House Office of Global
Communications in 2002?
a. to enhance the United States’ reputation abroad and counter the image of the
United States as the “Great Satan”
b. to better coordinate communications among the nearly two dozen U.S.
intelligence agencies
c. to improve international coordination in counterterrorism efforts
d. to downplay China’s human rights abuses and build public support for trade
relations with China
Topic: Foreign Policy and Defense Options
Learning Objective: LO 18.4: Evaluate the options for achieving foreign policy
and defense goals.
Page Reference: 546
Skill Level: Analyze It
Difficulty Level: Difficult
53. When was military conscription established in the United States?
a. during the Revolutionary War
b. during the Civil War
c. during World War I
d. during World War II
Topic: Foreign Policy and Defense Options
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 543
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
54. Why are isolationists dissatisfied with contemporary U.S. foreign policy?
a. because the United States does not do enough to address human rights abuses
b. because the United States has allowed China to catch up economically
c. because the United States has refused to work with its allies to address
terrorism
d. because the United States actively inserts itself into international affairs
644
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 532
Skill Level: Analyze It
Difficulty Level: Difficult
55. The United States’ efforts to control global climate change are best described as
__________.
a. effective
b. multilateral
c. aggressive
d. mixed
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 534
Skill Level: Analyze It
Difficulty Level: Difficult
56. Starting in 2013, the international community forced the Syrian government to
take what action?
a. reveal the location of suspected terrorists hiding in the country
b. relinquish control of the national government to the rebel fighters
c. dismantle its nuclear facilities
d. destroy its chemical weapons
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 535
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
57. In signing “The Road Map to Peace,” what did Israel agree to do?
a. dismantle settlements of Israeli citizens in the occupied territories
b. dismantle its nuclear weapons facilities
c. stockpile nuclear weapons to deter Iran from launching a nuclear attack
645
d. arrest and restrain individuals planning to conduct violent attacks in the
occupied territories
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 536
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
58. Under the George W. Bush administration, Congress reorganized the intelligence
community and created a new position known as the director of National
Intelligence. Why did Congress do this?
a. The director of the Central Intelligence Agency needed additional authority to
combat the growing threat posed by weapons of mass destruction.
b. The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks revealed flaws in the way the U.S.
intelligence community operated.
c. There was a need for the decentralization of authority within the intelligence
community to prevent competition between agencies.
d. Congress wanted the Bush administration to have greater influence over the
intelligence community.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 542
Skill Level: Analyze It
Difficulty Level: Difficult
59. How are normal trade relations typically granted?
a. Trade relations are granted under a “fast track” basis, whereby Congress limits
debate and amendments.
b. Trade relations are granted by executive order of the president.
c. Trade relations are granted following a two-thirds vote in each chamber of
Congress.
d. Trade relations are granted following a two-thirds vote in the Senate.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
646
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 537
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
60. What is the most serious common threat posed to the United States by both Iran
and North Korea?
a. terrorism
b. trade wars
c. nuclear ambitions
d. communism
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 535
Skill Level: Analyze It
Difficulty Level: Difficult
True–False Questions
61. The Central Intelligence Agency no longer uses spies and undercover agents to
monitor foreign threats.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 541
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
62. The United States and the Soviet Union were the main adversaries in the Cold
War.
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
647
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 534
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
63. The day-to-day work of organizing for defense is the job of the State Department.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 540
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
64. The Joint Chiefs of Staff serve as advisers to the president on military policy.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 542 – 543
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
65. The secretary of state spearheads U.S. diplomatic efforts on behalf of the
president.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 540
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Easy
66. The director of National Intelligence was ultimately responsible for the failure of
the various U.S. intelligence agencies to coordinate the information about Al-
Qaeda before the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001.
648
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 542
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
67. The primary role of the Foreign Service is to carry out military policy as directed
by the commander in chief.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 540
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
68. The primary responsibility of the National Security Council is to advise Congress
about national and defense policy.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 540
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Easy
69. U.S. involvement in the “Arab Spring” uprisings and U.S. participation with
NATO in the air war over Libya are examples of the United States using the
theory of deterrence to promote democracy.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 534
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
70. U.S. foreign policy toward China is largely driven by the fact that China is a large
market in an increasingly global economy.
649
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 537
Skill Level: Analyze It
Difficulty Level: Difficult
71. The Bush Doctrine was based on a multilateral approach to foreign policy.
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 533
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
72. The recent wars in Afghanistan and Iraq were quick and decisive military and
diplomatic victories for the United States.
Topic: Introduction
Learning Objective: Introduction
Page Reference: 528, 530
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
73. Barack Obama’s approach to U.S. foreign policy is best described as isolationist.
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 532
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty Level: Difficult
74. Congress ended the military draft shortly before the end of the Vietnam War.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 543
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
75. The president does not have absolute authority to act on foreign and defense
policy matters, even in troubled times.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 539
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Fill–in–the–Blank Questions
76. The “__________ complex” is a term coined by President Dwight Eisenhower in
his Farewell Address when he warned that the United States must be wary of
supporting defense spending as a way to protect jobs.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Bureaucracy
Learning Objective: LO 18.3: Outline the structure of the foreign policy and
defense bureaucracy.
Page Reference: 543 – 544
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
77. The use of a blend of propaganda techniques and modern information warfare to
cast an enemy into a less favorable light, mold the public image of a conflict, and
clarify the goals of U.S. foreign policy is called __________ diplomacy.
Topic: Foreign Policy and Defense Options
Learning Objective: LO 18.4: Evaluate the options for achieving foreign policy
and defense goals.
651
Page Reference: 546
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
78. The __________ was the U.S. effort to help rebuild Western Europe after World
War II.
Topic: Foreign Policy and Defense Options
Learning Objective: LO 18.4: Evaluate the options for achieving foreign policy
and defense goals.
Page Reference: 547
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
79. The George W. Bush administration’s stated reason for __________ was the
danger posed by weapons of mass destruction.
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 533
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
80. After World War II, the victors of the war established an international arena for
exercising traditional diplomacy and promoting world peace, known as the
__________, which now has 189 members.
Topic: Foreign Policy and Defense Options
Learning Objective: LO 18.4: Evaluate the options for achieving foreign policy
and defense goals.
Page Reference: 545
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
81. __________ is a policy of taking action before the United States is attacked rather
than waiting for provocation.
652
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 533
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
82. During the Cold War, the United States, based on the theory of __________,
maintained a large enough nuclear arsenal that the Soviet Union would not dare
challenge it.
Topic: Understanding Foreign Policy and Defense
Learning Objective: LO 18.1: Analyze the questions and responses that shape
approaches to U.S. foreign policy and defense.
Page Reference: 534
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
Difficulty Level: Easy
83. __________ is a technique used to effect political change by instilling fear among
the general public.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 535 – 536
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
84. North Korea’s _________ ambition largely drives U.S. foreign policy toward that
country.
Topic: The Foreign Policy and Defense Agenda
Learning Objective: LO 18.2: Assess the status of each of the issues that
currently dominate the foreign policy and defense agenda.
Page Reference: 535
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty Level: Moderate
85. One component of the __________ was the belief that the United States has the
right to attack any nation that constitutes a serious threat to the United States.