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Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
TB_Q12.37 “Every I should have a II, and every A should have a B,” is related to
the principle of outlining concerned with _____.
a.
making headings parallel
b.
subdivisions
c.
standard numbering
d.
using correct indentation
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.38 Which guideline is NOT true for using note cards successfully?
a.
You should plan your note cards according to logical blocks of material.
b.
You should number your note cards.
c.
Your note cards can include delivery cues.
d.
You should write out your entire introduction and conclusion.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.39 Reminders such as “Look up,” “Pause,” “Slow down,” written on the
delivery outline in a different color of ink are known as _____.
a.
signposts
b.
delivery cues
c.
nonverbal transitions
d.
delivery procedures
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.40 When appropriately adapting messages to others, Principle Five
suggests that you _____.
a.
use the introduction of your presentation to establish credibility
b.
use your introduction and conclusion to adapt your presentation to your audience
c.
add delivery cues and reminders to your final speaking notes
d.
consider cultural differences in the organization of speakers from other cultures as
you listen to different presentations
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
12.2 True/False
TB_Q12.41 If your main points discuss something that needs to be changed then
offers a plan for changing it, they are organized with a topical pattern of
organization.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.42 The principle of recency suggests that the audience will remember
best what they hear last.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.43 When you organize a speech by explaining the steps of a process in
terms of what occurs first, second, third, and so on, you are using a chronological
organizational pattern.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.44 The idea that you have saved your best point to be used as your last
point illustrates the theory of primacy.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.45 Carl’s audience doesn’t agree with some of the things he will be
presenting, so he decides to start his speech by talking about the things they do
agree with him on. This demonstrates the principle of primacy.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.46 When you support a main point by beginning with the complex ideas
and moving to the more simple ones, you are using the complexity principle.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.47 Describing the parts of a golf club from top to bottom is an example of
a spatial pattern of arrangement.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.48 A speaker who discusses the consequences of binge drinking, then
the contributing factors, is using a problem-solution pattern of organization.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.49 According to the principle of complexity, you should offer a specific
illustration first, followed by a general explanation.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.50 An analogy is an example of soft evidence.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.2 Explain six ways to organize the supporting material for a
main idea.
Topic: Organizing Your Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.51 Phrases like “In addition,” “In other words,” and “In summary” are
examples of verbal transitions.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.3 Use signposts to organize your speech for the ears of
others.
Topic: Signposting: Organizing Your Speech for the Ears of Others
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.52 If you have used internal summaries in your speech, it is not a good
idea to also use a final summary.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.3 Use signposts to organize your speech for the ears of
others.
Topic: Signposting: Organizing Your Speech for the Ears of Others
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.53 The very first thing you should do in your speech is give the initial
preview.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.54 Even though you deliver an introduction first, you usually plan it last.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.55 During the conclusion, it is NOT advised to reemphasize the central
idea.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.56 The sense that a presentation is finished is called recency.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.57 You should NOT refer back to the introduction in your conclusion
because that only bores the audience.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.58 A preparation outline includes speaking notes and is used to deliver
the speech.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.59 According to the rules of subdivision, if you have an A in your outline,
then you must follow it with a B.
Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.60 It is a good idea for a speaker to include his or her purpose statement
in the speaking notes.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
12.3 Short Answer
TB_Q12.61 Briefly define the cause-effect organizational pattern.
Answer: There are two related cause-effect patterns: identifying a situation and then
discussing the resulting effect (cause-effect), presenting a situation and then exploring its
causes (effect-cause).
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q12.62 Briefly explain the spatial organization pattern.
Answer: The spatial organizational pattern arranges the points in a speech according to
their location, position, or direction. Speeches that rely on description are generally good
candidates for spatial organization. A speech on the four largest tsunamis in the world
according to their geographic location would be an example of a topic that could be
organized spatially.
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q12.63 Explain the principle of specificity.
Answer: Specificity is a method of organizing supporting material in which you group
your support in one of two ways. Either you group your specific information and offer it
first, followed by your general explanation or make a general explanation first and follow
it up with specific illustrations.
Learning Objective: LO 12.2 Explain six ways to organize supporting material for a main
idea.
Topic: Organizing Your Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.64 What are nonverbal transitions?
Answer: Nonverbal transitions are facial expressions, pauses, changes in vocal pitch or
Learning Objective: LO 12.3 Use signposts to organize your speech for the ears of
others.
Topic: Signposting: Organizing Your Speech for the Ears of Others
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.65 Explain the role of an internal summary
Answer: An internal summary is a recap within the body of a speech of what has been
said up to that point. After a speaker has discussed several main ideas, he or she might
want to summarize them to be sure the audience understands them before proceeding to
the next idea.
Learning Objective: LO 12.3 Use signposts to organize your speech for the ears of
others.
Topic: Signposting: Organizing Your Speech for the Ears of Others
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.66 What should an introduction accomplish?
Answer: An introduction should gain attention, introduce the topic, give the audience a
reason to listen, establish your credibility, state your central idea, and preview your main
ideas.
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.67 Briefly explain the notion of credibility as it applies to public speaking.
Answer: Credibility is how believable, competent, and trustworthy an audience
perceives a speaker to be. It can be enhanced by a speaker who is organized, well
prepared, and who mentions personal expertise in the speech, especially in the
introduction.
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q12.68 What should a conclusion accomplish?
Answer: A conclusions should summarize the speech, reemphasize a central idea in a
memorable way, motivate the audience to respond, and provide closure.
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.69 Demonstrate the use of standard numbering in standard outline
format.
Answer: Standard numbering would look like this:
I. First main idea
A. First subdivision of I
B. Second subdivision of I
1. First subdivision of B
(a) First subdivision of 2
(b) Second subdivision of 2
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.70 Why should note cards be used rather than paper for speaking notes?
Answer: Note cards don’t rustle as paper does, and they are small enough to hold in
one hand. Thus, they will eliminate the noise and distraction of rustling paper and they
will be less obtrusive by being in just one hand.
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
12.4 Fill-in-the-Blank
TB_Q12.71 Gary planned to discuss the medieval weapons by describing three
types of swords used during that period. If he discusses each type of sword as a
main point, he would be using a(n) _____ organizational pattern.
Answer: topical
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q12.72 The most frequently used organizational pattern is the _____ pattern.
Answer: topical
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.73 When you arrange your ideas from the least to the most important, you
are using the principle of _____.
Answer: recency
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.74 The method of arranging ideas from the strongest or least
controversial to the weakest or most controversial utilizes the principle of _____.
Answer: primacy
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.75 Developing a point by moving from the simplest ideas to the most
complicated ideas utilizes the principle of _____.
Answer: complexity
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.76 The chronological organizational pattern organizes a topic by ___ or
sequence.
Answer: time
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.77 A speech that discusses the low percentage of voters turning out for
the past local election and then moves on to suggest the possibility of Internet
voting is using the organizational pattern of _____.
Answer: problem-solution
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.78 To support his speech on the rising costs of healthcare, Tony used
statistics that showed the cost of procedures to the hospital and the even higher
costs to the patient. These statistics are an example of _____ evidence.
Answer: hard
Learning Objective: LO 12.2 Explain six ways to organize supporting material for a main
idea.
Topic: Organizing Your Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.79 A _____ signals the audience that a speaker is going from one idea to
another.
Answer: transition
Learning Objective: LO 12.3 Use signposts to organize your speech for the ears of
others.
Topic: Signposting: Organizing Your Speech for the Ears of Others
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q12.80 Words such as “louder” and “slow down” written on your note cards
are known as _____.
Answer: delivery cues
Learning Objective: LO 12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a
speech.
Topic: Outlining Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
12.5 Essay Questions
TB_Q12.81 You have been asked to give a speech describing your college
campus. You decide to use a spatial pattern for this speech. What would be
included in your speech?
Answer: Answers will vary. You might describe how to get from one side of the campus
to another by talking about the buildings you pass by as you proceed down the hill and
past the dining hall. You could also talk about the various buildings as they are in relation
to one another. For example, the communications building is across the quad from the
science center.
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
A TB_Q12.82 As Gorgonia prepared her speech, she realized that she would be
including one very difficult to understand concept. She decided to use more
simplistic concepts early in the speech and to move gradually toward the difficult
concept. What is the type of organization Gorgonia used and why would she use
that pattern?
Answer: Gorgonia used a type of topical pattern known as organization according to
complexity. She can help her audience to better understand the complex concept by
moving from simple ideas to more complex ideas.
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q12.83 In her speech, Kayla discussed the history of fashion, beginning with
clothing styles of the late 1800s, then discussing the flapper girls of the 1920s,
and finishing with the modern fashions of today. Discuss why this speech was
organized chronologically.
Answer: Chronologically organized speeches are those that discuss areas that are
impacted by time or sequential order. Since Kayla was talking about the history of
fashion, she began with the clothing from the earliest time period, then moved to the
more recent time period, and finally moved to the modern era, thus keeping her main
points in sequential order.
Learning Objective: LO 12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas
of a speech.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q12.84 If you were preparing a speech on the U.S. involvement in Vietnam and
the Vietnam War, why would you probably want to use a chronological pattern to
organize that speech?
Answer: Chronological organization is based on time or sequential order according to
when each step or event occurred or should occur. For a historical overview of an event,
movement, or U.S policy in the region, or one might begin with the end result and trace
its history backward in time. Historical topics, such as the U.S. involvement in Vietnam
and the Vietnam War, lend themselves to chronological organization.
Topic: Organizing Your Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q12.85 Explain specificity and how it can be used to organize the speech.
Answer: Specificity is an organization and grouping of ideas and then presenting them
either from the specific to a more general statement or from a general statement to
specific information. A speaker might use specificity to talk about city government as a
whole and then go on to provide specific information about each department within the
city government.
Learning Objective: LO 12.2 Explain six ways to organize supporting material for a main
idea.
Topic: Organizing Your Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q12.86 Discuss various ways a speaker can provide closure.
Answer: Closure provides the audience with the sense that a speech is finished. A
speaker can provide closure by referring back to the introduction and finishing a story
that was started, by answering a rhetorical question, or reminding the audience of where
he or she started. Verbal and nonverbal signposts can also signal closure. A speaker
might say “finally” as he or she moves into the conclusion. A speaker could also pause
briefly and make eye contact with the audience before stating the conclusion.
Learning Objective: LO 12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech
introductions and conclusions.
Topic: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q12.87 Explain the standard outline format and create an example. What
advantages does it offer the speaker?
Answer: A standard outline uses standard numbering that uses Roman and Arabic
numerals and upper and lower case numbers followed by periods. For example, the first
point is a Roman numeral I., followed by subdivisions of A. , B. , C. , etc. These
subdivisions can be further divided using Arabic numerals of 1., 2., and 3., with their
subpoints indicated by lower case letters of a. , b. , c. , etc. An appropriate outline would
look like this:
I. First main idea
A. First subdivision of I
B. Second subdivision of I
1. First subdivision of B
