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Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
c.
If you use direct quotes or paraphrased information
d.
If you are using an analogy
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech, and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.41 Rather than writing his own speech, Tyler found one to use on the
Internet and did not acknowledge his source. Tyler is guilty of _____.
a.
slander
b.
libel
c.
plagiarism
d.
an oral citation
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech, and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
11.2 True/False
TB_Q11.42 Research shows that if you feel nervous, the audience can usually
spot nervous gestures or a shaky voice.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.43 Most public speakers become progressively more comfortable as they
speak.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.44 If you experience speaking anxiety, it is a good idea to practice giving
public presentations.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.45 Silent brainstorming is one way to create a specific-purpose
statement.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.3 Select and narrow a topic for a speech.
Topic: Selecting and Narrowing Your Topic
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.46 The specific purpose of your presentation is not intended to become
part of your speech, but to guide preparation of the speech.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.4 Write an audience-centered specific-purpose statement for
a speech.
Topic: Identifying Your Purpose
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.47 A central idea should be written in a declarative sentence and reflect a
single topic.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.5 Develop a central idea for a speech.
Topic: Developing Your Central Idea
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.48 The central idea is the same as the specific purpose of a speech.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.5 Develop a central idea for a speech.
Topic: Developing Your Central Idea
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.49 Everything you include in your presentation should support your
central idea.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.5 Develop a central idea for a speech.
Topic: Developing Your Central Idea
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.50 Illustrations are good to use as supporting material because they tell a
story that gets the audience’s attention.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.51 Illustrations can be just a short word or phrase.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.52 A hypothetical illustration is a true-life story that makes a point for the
audience.
Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.53 A definition by classification is one in which you place a word in a
general category and then differentiate it from other items in the category.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.54 A literal analogy compares a large number of things.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.55 “The human mind is like a filing cabinet,” is an example of a literal
analogy.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q11.56 When assessing the accountability of a website, you are analyzing
whether or not it is free of bias.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.57 Speakers should offer definitions of all technical or little-known terms
in their presentations.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.58 When a description is used as supporting material, it makes a scene
come alive for the audience by providing detailed images that allow the audience
to see, smell, and touch what you are describing.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.59 When using statistics in a speech, exploding them means to get as
many into the speech as possible.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.60 The primary purpose of lay testimony, the opinion of someone who
experienced an event firsthand, is to stir the audience’s emotions and can provide
the most memorable moments of a speech.
Answer: true
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.61 Plagiarism gives credibility to a speaker.
Answer: false
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
11.3 Short Answer
TB_Q11.62 List the nine components of the audience-centered public speaking
model.
Answer: 1) select and narrow topic (2) identify purpose (3) develop central idea (4)
generate main ideas (5) gather supporting material (6) organize speech (7) rehearse
speech (8) deliver speech (9) consider the audience at every stage
Learning Objective: LO 11.1 List and explain the components of the audience-centered
public speaking model.
Topic: Overviewing the Public Speaking Process
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q11.63 What does it mean to be an audience-centered presentation speaker?
Answer: Being audience-centered means to keep the audience in mind at all stages of
the speech preparation process. When selecting a topic, narrowing it down, selecting
supporting material, etc., the audience must be taken into account. In addition, being
audience-centered means to keep the diversity of an audience in mind. That means
being aware of cultural information that might not be comprehensible, and being
sensitive to stereotypes or terms that might be offensive to the audience.
Learning Objective: LO 11.1 List and explain the components of the audience-centered
public speaking model.
Topic: Overviewing the Public Speaking Process
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q11.64 List at least five of the recommended methods for dealing with
speaking anxiety.
Answer: (1) know how to develop a speech (2) be prepared (3) focus on your audience
(4) focus on your message (5) give yourself a mental pep talk (6) use deep breathing
techniques (7) take advantage of opportunities to speak (8) explore additional resources
to help manage anxiety if you need it.
Learning Objective: LO 11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.65 List the questions that you should keep in mind when selecting a
topic.
Answer: Who is the audience? What is the occasion? What are my interests and
experiences?
Learning Objective: LO 11.3 Select and narrow a topic for a speech.
Topic: Selecting and Narrowing Your Topic
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q11.66 If you are stumped and cannot think of an idea for a presentation, the
text recommends three approaches. List and briefly explain each of these.
Answer: 1. Use silent brainstorming. Take three minutes and list as many topics as you
can think of, without evaluation. Then, go back and consider which of the possible topics
look promising. 2. Scan web directories and web pages. Look under general categories
to see more specific topics. 3. Listen and read for topic ideas. You can read the
newspaper, listen to the nightly news, listen to friends, listen to topics in your classes.
Learning Objective: LO 11.3 Select and narrow a topic for a speech.
Topic: Selecting and Narrowing Your Topic
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.67 Explain the three types of general purposes for presentations. How are
they different?
Answer: To inform is to define, describe, or explain a person, thing, place, or concept.
To persuade is to change or reinforce audience members’ ideas or convictions, or to
urge them to do something. To entertain is to amuse an audience.
Learning Objective: LO 11.4 Write an audience-centered specific-purpose statement for
a speech.
Topic: Identifying Your Purpose
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.68 Gavin had to give an informative speech for his public speaking class.
He wrote as his central idea, “Women—you can’t live with them, you can’t live
without them, who understands them?” Explain what is wrong with this central
idea.
Answer: Most likely this topic does not take the audience into account, as it is
derogatory to women. Secondly, it is written as a question, and a central idea must be
more than one idea.
Learning Objective: LO 11.5 Develop a central idea for a speech.
Topic: Developing Your Central Idea
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q11.69 Explain and demonstrate a central idea.
Answer: A central idea should be audience-centered, it should cover a single topic, and
it should be a complete declarative sentence. It should use direct, specific language. The
central idea focuses on the content of the speech and makes a definitive point about the
topic. An example of a central idea is: Foreign-language education should begin in the
elementary grades.
Learning Objective: LO 11.5 Develop a central idea for a speech.
Topic: Developing Your Central Idea
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.70 Once you have decided on your central idea, how can you subdivide it
into main ideas? List the three questions to ask.
Answer: (1) Does the central idea have logical divisions? (2) Can you think of several
reasons the central idea is true? (3) Can you support the central idea with a series of
steps or a chronological sequence?
Learning Objective: LO 11.6 Generate main ideas from a central idea.
Topic: Generating Main Ideas
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.71 Briefly define and discuss plagiarism.
Answer: Presenting someone else’s words or ideas without acknowledging the source
constitutes plagiarism, a breach of academic honesty that can have dire consequences.
While plagiarism can have a negative impact on a student’s academic future, the
consequences of plagiarism in other arenas can be even more severe, including the loss
of a job or the end of a promising career.
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
11.4 Fill-in-the-Blank
TB_Q11.72 Stage fright and communication apprehension are also known as
_____ anxiety.
Answer: speaker
Learning Objective: LO 11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q11.73 The mistaken belief that the audience is completely aware of the
speaker’s perspiration, shaking hands, and knocking knees is called the _____ of
transparency.
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.74 The process of becoming more comfortable as you speak is called
_____.
Answer: habituation
Learning Objective: LO 11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident
speaker.
Topic: Building Your Confidence
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q11.75 _____ is a technique used to generate creative ideas. It is one
recommended way to help you find a topic for your presentation.
Answer: Silent brainstorming
Learning Objective: LO 11.3 Select and narrow a topic for a speech.
Topic: Selecting and Narrowing Your Topic
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.76 What the listeners should know or be able to do at the end of your
speech is called the _____ purpose.
Answer: specific
Learning Objective: LO 11.4 Write an audience-centered specific-purpose statement for
a speech.
Topic: Identifying Your Purpose
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.77 Trevor’s speech talked about why it is important to eat breakfast every
day. He is using a(n) _____ to help his audience understand how the body uses
breakfast as fuel.
Answer: explanation
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.78 “A platelet is a tiny, colorless blood cell” is an example of a(n) _____
definition.
Answer: classification
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.79 “Laser beams aid surgeons by cutting or destroying diseased tissue,
shrinking tumors, burning off tissue, or sealing blood vessels.” This statement is
an example of a(n) _____ definition.
Answer: operational
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.80 A comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things that share
some common feature on which the comparison depends is called a(n)_____
analogy.
Answer: figurative
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.81 The opinion of someone who experienced a situation firsthand is
called _____ testimony.
Answer: lay
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q11.82 During her speech, Corinne told the audience that according to the
June 2013 edition of Newsweek, army veterans were not receiving the care they
need. She is providing a(n) _____ to acknowledge her source.
Answer: oral citation
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
11.5 Essay Questions
TB_Q11.83 “At the end of my speech, the audience will know more about
television.” Explain what is wrong with this specific purpose, and the steps one
should take to write a more appropriate purpose. Rewrite the specific purpose
correctly.
Answer: The topic has not been narrowed down. While the speaker works to narrow this
topic, based upon his or her own interests, the interests and knowledge of the audience
must also be considered. The fundamental communication principle of adapting to the
audience is central to the success of any speech. For example, a more appropriate topic
might be “The impact of the Internet on television,” or “The representation of Latinos on
television.” Then, the specific purpose might be written: “At the end of my speech the
audience will be able to list three new programs that feature Latino actors.”
Learning Objective: LO 11.4 Write an audience-centered specific-purpose statement for
a speech.
Topic: Identifying Your Purpose
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
types of appropriate supporting material for the topic.
I. Low-carbohydrate diets are not well balanced.
II. Low-carbohydrate diets have not been proven to be effective.
III. Low-carbohydrate diets have been proven to be unsafe.
Answer: Specific purpose: at the end of my speech, my audience should believe that
low-carbohydrate diets are harmful.
Central idea: Low-carbohydrate diets are harmful to your health.
Supporting material might include statistics on such things as how many people are
using the diet, or how much money is spent on the diets annually. If statistics can be
found on how many people lose weight, how much, and how long they keep it off, they
would be effective. In order to make the speech more interesting to the audience, the
speaker might find illustrations that consist of people who have stories about the diet, or
maybe a hypothetical illustration of a person trying to stay on the diet. Expert testimony
of medical doctors or medical researchers might be effective to make the arguments
believable. Lay testimony might help make the arguments clear or identifiable for the
audience.
Learning Objective: LO 11.4 Write an audience-centered specific-purpose statement for
a speech.
Topic: Identifying Your Purpose
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q11.85 List and explain the six criteria for evaluating a web source.
Answer: The web source must have (1) Accountability: Who is responsible for the
website? The website should be signed and include information on the author’s expertise
and authority. You should also be able to verify the website’s sponsor. (2) Accuracy: Is
the information correct? The website’s author or sponsor should be a credible authority,
and you may be able to verify or refute the information by consulting another resource. In
addition, the website should be free of mechanical errors; sloppiness in that area can
indicate sloppiness in content. (3) Objectivity: Is the website free of bias? Is the purpose
of the sponsor to support an issue? What are the biases of the author? Does he or she
stand to gain from taking a slanted position? The more objective the author and sponsor,
the more credible the information. (4) Date: Is the site current? The website should
include a date of when it was posted and updated. As in other sources, recent data is
usually preferable. (5) Usability: Do the layout and design of the website facilitate its
use? The website should not contain so many complicated graphics that you cannot
download it or use it efficiently. Is there a fee to access the website’s information? (6)
Diversity: Is the site inclusive? Do language and graphics reflect and respect differences
in gender, ethnic, racial, and sexual preference? Is it accessible by people with
disabilities?
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
Beebe/Beebe/Ivy Communication: Principles for a Lifetime, 6e Test Bank
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q11.87 Provide the tie-in between supporting materials and the five
Communication Principles for a Lifetime.
Answer: • Be aware of your communication with yourself and others. The best
supporting material reflects self-awareness, taking advantage of your own knowledge
and experience.
• Effectively use and interpret verbal messages. Effective verbal supporting material is
appropriately worded, concrete, and vivid enough that your audience can visualize what
you are talking about.
• Effectively use and interpret nonverbal messages. Use visual aids to present statistics.
• Listen and respond thoughtfully to others. If listeners find a presentation boring, it is
probably because the speaker has not used the fundamental principles of
communication as criteria for selecting supporting material.
• Appropriately adapt messages to others. Sensitivity to your audience will help you
choose the verbal and visual supporting material that is most appropriately adapted to
them.
Learning Objective: LO 11.7 Describe four potential sources and seven types of
supporting material for a speech and use each type effectively.
Topic: Gathering Supporting Material
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
