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True / False Questions
1.
(p. 71)
Motivation is not something that the supervisor does to an employee.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
2.
(p. 72)
The concept of self-fulfilling prophecy is also known as the Pygmalion effect.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
3.
(p. 73)
The need hierarchy theory is based on the assumption that money is the primary motivator
of people.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
4.
(p. 73-74)
The highest order needs in Maslow's hierarchy are physical needs.
5.
(p. 74)
Maslow determined that most people eventually satisfy their need for self-actualization.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6.
(p. 75)
As far as the motivation process is concerned, the thrust of the need hierarchy theory is
that a satisfied need is not a motivator.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
7.
(p. 75)
McClelland states that most people have a certain degree of achievement, power, and
affiliation needs, and the level of intensity does not vary.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
8.
(p. 76)
Hygiene factors are those factors that produce motivation in employees.
9.
(p. 76)
Proper attention to hygiene factors is a necessary and sufficient condition for motivation.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
10.
(p. 77)
The preference-expectancy approach is based on the assumption that people try to
increase pleasure and decrease displeasure.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
11.
(p. 76)
Herzberg is the person most associated with preference-expectancy approach.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
12.
(p. 78)
Reinforcement assumes that the consequences of behavior determine an individual's level
of motivation.
13.
(p. 78)
Both extinction and punishment can be used to decrease the frequency of undesired
behavior.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
14.
(p. 80)
One reason that supervisors are reluctant to relate rewards directly to performance is that
it is easier to give everyone an equal pay raise.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
15.
(p. 80)
All employees regard pay as the best reward for a job well done.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
16.
(p. 81)
Improperly used criticism can negatively affect motivation.
17.
(p. 82)
Morale is related to group attitudes, while job satisfaction is more of an employee's
attitude.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
18.
(p. 82)
Job satisfaction refers to an employee's general attitude toward the job.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
19.
(p. 83)
The factors that determine whether an individual is satisfied with the job differ from those
that determine whether the individual is motivated.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
20.
(p. 83)
Satisfaction is largely determined by the value of rewards and by their relationship to
performance.
21.
(p. 71)
Needs are caused by:
Difficulty: 2 Medium
22.
(p. 72)
The Pygmalion effect is the tendency for employees to:
Difficulty: 1 Easy
23.
(p. 73)
Which of the following approaches of motivation evolved from the work of Frederick W.
Taylor?
Difficulty: 1 Easy
24.
(p. 73)
Frederick Taylor's traditional theory of motivation dealt mostly with:
Difficulty: 2 Medium
25.
(p. 73)
The need hierarchy theory is based mostly on the work of:
26.
(p. 74)
The highest-order needs in Maslow's hierarchy are ________________ needs.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
27.
(p. 74)
The need of people to reach their full potential in terms of their abilities and interests is
called a(n):
Difficulty: 1 Easy
28.
(p. 75)
Maslow believed that an employee's primary motivation:
Difficulty: 2 Medium
29.
(p. 75)
Which of the following is NOT one of the needs identified by David McClelland?
Difficulty: 1 Easy
30.
(p. 75)
The need for power is basically a need to:
31.
(p. 76)
Herzberg's theory deals primarily with motivation through:
Difficulty: 2 Medium
32.
(p. 77)
Which of the following approaches does not refer to Frederick Herzberg's theory?
33.
(p. 77)
The preference element of the preference-expectancy approach:
Difficulty: 2 Medium
34.
(p. 78)
Which of the following approaches is attacked by critics on the grounds that it is overly
rational?
35.
(p. 78)
All of the following are types of reinforcement EXCEPT:
Difficulty: 1 Easy
36.
(p. 78)
Providing no positive consequences or removing previously provided positive
consequences as a result of undesirable behavior is a feature of this type of reinforcement.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
37.
(p. 79)
Which of the following is NOT one of the suggestions for improving employee motivation?
Difficulty: 1 Easy
38.
(p. 79-80)
Making a job more challenging may mean the job has been:
Difficulty: 1 Easy
39.
(p. 81)
Providing an employee suggestion box is a good move toward:
40.
(p. 83)
The result of job satisfaction is:
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Short Answer Questions
41.
(p. 72)
What is the Pygmalion effect?
42.
(p. 73-74)
List the five needs according to the need hierarchy approach and give an example
of each need.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
43.
(p. 75)
Explain the needs that people have according to the achievement-power-affiliation
approach.
44.
(p. 76)
Explain the concept of job enrichment.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
45.
(p. 77)
According to the preference-expectancy approach, what conditions must exist for a
worker to be motivated?
46.
(p. 79)
List the things a supervisor can do to affect employee motivation.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
47.
(p. 80)
Give the reasons as to why supervisors are reluctant to relate rewards directly to
performance.
48.
(p. 81)
How does criticism during feedback affect motivation?
Difficulty: 2 Medium
49.
(p. 82)
What are the factors that can affect job satisfaction?
Difficulty: 2 Medium
50.
(p. 83)
Explain the difference between job satisfaction and motivation.
