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True / False Questions
1. Problems, by definition, have a clear solution.
2. Intuition should be totally discounted in problem solving in the workplace.
3. Inference is drawing a conclusion about something we do not know based
on things we do know.
4. The essence of the fundamental attribution error is people tend to
overattribute behavior to external rather than internal causes.
5. The self-serving bias is a type of fundamental attribution error.
6. The "hot hand" in basketball is an example of the confirmation bias.
7. Escalation of commitment is a source of judgment error in problem
solving.
8. Confidence estimates, trial and error, and healthy skepticism are tactics
used to overcome judgment biases.
9. A good decision is the same as a good outcome.
10. Healthy skepticism leads managers to engage in satisficing.
11. Perfect decision making is a boundedly rational process.
12. The first step in any good problem-solving process is to assess the various
possible solutions.
13. A manager may solve the wrong problem if the right stakeholders are not
included in defining the problem to be solved.
14. A manager should delegate a decision to subordinates if the decision
outcome is of no significance to the organization and employee commitment
does not impact the decision outcome.
15. Framing problems correctly is difficult since our immediate need is to
begin solving the problem.
16. One of the problems with organizational problem solving is that symptoms
are more visible than their underlying structure.
17. Patterns are the prevailing assumptions, beliefs, and values that sustain
current systems.
18. Inquiry skills are aimed at understanding people's mental models.
19. With most problems, potential causes and solutions are limited.
20. The affinity (similarity) diagram is a tool for honing inquiry skills.
21. Problem-solving experts agree certain patterns that appear in BOTs can
help to identify a systematic problem, one not likely to respond to a quick fix.
22. Problem-solving experts agree that some patterns like "boom and bust"
cycles that appear in BOTs usually respond to a quick fix.
23. A disciplined protocol is counterproductive to idea generations from
brainstorming sessions.
24. Research shows focused groups perform better than diverse groups on
creative problem-solving tasks.
25. Brainwriting is superior to brainstorming as a process for generating the
highest volume of creative ideas.
26. Research shows high performance standards usually stifle the creativity of
problem solvers by putting undue pressure on them.
27. Equifinality is a condition in which different initial conditions lead to
similar effects.
28. Risk can present itself in terms of dread, whereby people assume
consequences truly are unknown.
29. Many managers have damaged their careers by implementing solutions
they knew were incorrect but forged ahead even with this knowledge.
30. A productive failure is one that is regarded as an opportunity to learn.
Multiple Choice Questions
31. Rational problem-solving skills are deficient in most young managers
because:
32. Managers can often spot bad decision making in others, but they may fail
in identifying their own poor decisions. Psychologists refer to this as:
33. Should managers rely on intuition in problem solving?
34. Which of the following statements, on the ladder of inference, provides
objective data?
35. Zack arrived late for a meeting this morning because there was a 20 -car
pile-up on the beltway. Ryan, his manager, assumed Zack overslept because he
partied too much last night. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
