Activity 1.5: Proper Citation of Sources
Objective: To demonstrate how writers and speakers cite references properly.
Format: Individual student or small group.
Have students take a look at the New York Times article on global warming they found
Activity 1.6: Examples of Different Types of Speeches
On the first day of class, ask for three volunteers. Give each volunteer an identical pen.
Tell the first student to tell a story about how the pen exploded ink on him/her. Tell the
GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS
audience: the specific group of people to whom the speech is directed
audience adaptation: the process of tailoring a speech to the needs, interests, and
expectations of its listeners
cyberplagiarism: presenting material found on the Internet as one’s own by failing to
credit the source
decoding: the process of interpreting messages
ethos: everything you say and do to convey competence and good character
exigence: a real or perceived specific need that a speech might help address
feedback: the receiver’s reactions and responses that indicate how a message is
mass communication: communication produced and transmitted via media to large
audiences
mediated channels: technology-enhanced auditory and visual channels
messages: the verbal utterances, visual images, and nonverbal behaviors used to
communicate
receivers: participants who interpret the messages sent by others
rhetorical situation: the intersection of the speaker, audience and occasion
senders: participants who form and transmit messages
setting: the location where the speech will be given
small group communication: interaction that occurs in a group of approximately three
TEST QUESTIONS
CHAPTER 1
Multiple Choice
1.
According to your textbook, public speaking is a(n) process.
a.
situation-centered
b.
audience-centered
c.
speaker-centered
d.
message-centered
2.
The effectiveness of your words is irrelevant if the words are not heard by,
understood by, or has no effect on your .
a.
situation
b.
purpose
c.
audience
d.
content
3.
Plagiarism which results from the failure of a speaker to reference material they find
on the Internet is called:
a.
unethical communicators
b.
electronic messages
c.
online plagiarism
d.
cyberplagiarism
4.
John decides to add some background material for his informative speech on current
trends in Internet usage after discovering that the majority of the audience members
do not own computers. What concept does John’s decision illustrate?
a.
plagiarism
b.
speaker credibility
c.
feedback
d.
audience analysis
5.
Public speaking has been revered as a(n) in democratic
civilizations since ancient times.
a.
civil right
b.
ethical right
c.
specific right
d.
honest right
6.
We send and receive messages primarily through which two channels?
a.
physical and psychological
b.
speaking and hearing
c.
auditory and visual
d.
coding and encoding
7.
communication occurs with approximately three to ten people.
a.
Mass communication
b.
Context communication
c.
Public communication
d.
Small group communication
8.
The reason why a course devoted in part or entirely to public speaking is often
required in a general education curriculum is that .
a.
all people communicate
b.
public speaking helps people reach career goals
c.
sending and receiving messages have ethical components
d.
public speaking teaches general knowledge to help people participate as
engaged citizens in democracy
9.
Statements alerting listeners about how a main point or subpoint is relevant to them
are called:
a.
concern links
b.
listener relevance links
c.
content links
d.
information links
10.
As preparation for her informative speech on the importance of vaccination, Alana
asked her classmates if they had been vaccinated as a child and if they have any
children. Alana is conducting the of her speech.
a.
expectation management
b.
audience analysis
c.
attitudinal adjustment
d.
audience survey
11.
The encompasses the expected purpose and
setting for a speech.
a.
analysis
b.
culture
c.
venue
d.
occasion
12.
Dressing professionally, being poised as you speak, and citing credible evidence all
convey .
a.
logos
b.
pathos
c.
ethos
d.
professionalism
13.
After Eva’s speech about the harmful effects of not recycling, you noticed that she
discarded her empty water bottle in the nearest trashcan. Which ethical principle has
Eva violated?
a.
fairness
b.
integrity
c.
honesty
d.
respect
14.
The is the overall framework of your speech and includes the introduction,
body, conclusion, and transitions.
a.
macrostructure
b.
microstructure
c.
speaking effectiveness process model
d.
content
15.
Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of a rhetorical situation?
a.
audience
b.
occasion
c.
speaker
d.
transition
16.
Some real or perceived need that a speech might help to address is known as:
a.
rhetorical
b.
exigence
c.
constraint
d.
occasion
17.
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of an ethical speaker?
a.
honesty
b.
integrity
c.
fairness
d.
intelligence
18.
Presenting the ideas, words, or created works of another as one’s own by failing to
credit the source is called:
a.
attribution
b.
plagiarism
c.
licentiousness
d.
paraphrasing
19.
The process of tailoring the message to address exigence in terms of the
audience’s unique interests, needs, and expectations is called:
a.
audience analysis
b.
exigence
c.
audience adaption
d.
tailoring
20.
Gabriel received a poor grade for his informative speech because his instructor
noticed that he only gathered information from the first or second paragraph of the
sources he cited during his speech. The of his research was poor because he
did not provide enough details from his evidence.
a.
breadth
b.
depth
c.
scope
d.
analysis
True-False
21.
T F Public speaking is NOT a specialized type of communication because
everyone engages in public speaking during his/her lifetime.
22.
T F Speaking expressively is important during public speaking so that you sound
a bit more dramatic than you would in casual conversation.
23.
T F Psychological noise is any external sight or sound that distracts us from the
message of a speech.
24.
T F The formal study of public speaking teaches us what to think.
25.
T F Intelligible speakers use a rate, volume, and pitch that are easily understood
by audiences.
26.
T F Good feedback is always expressed verbally.
27.
T F As a public speaker, what you discuss, and how well you do so will depend
on your interests, beliefs, background, and public speaking skills.
28.
T F Public speaking can occur in online environments.
29.
T F One form of plagiarizing is paraphrasing the unique ideas of another
person and not crediting that person.
30.
T F As technology and media become increasingly accessible, the lines
between mass communication and public speaking are blurring.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Auble, E. C. (2002). Speechless. Advisor Today, 97(5), 64-66.
Evans, A. L., Evans, A. M., Lami, K., & Jones, O.S.L. (2004). Public
speaking in a democracy. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 31(4),
325.
Public Speaking Power. (2013, July 6). Why is public speaking important? Retrieved