262e.1
Sense Organs
PAIN
EXERCISE 1. IDENTIFY PROCESSES IN PAIN
PERCEPTION
NAME OF PAIN PROCESS PROCESS (ACTION)
Transduction Transfer of the painful stimulus
to a nerve impulse
EXERCISE 2. IDENTIFY THE STRUCTURES
INDICATED IN THE CANINE EAR
1. Pinna
EXERCISE 3. HEARING REVIEW
1. Cochlea
VISION
EXERCISE 4. IDENTIFY THE STRUCTURES
ON THE CALF EYE
1. Palpebral conjunctiva (third eyelid)
EXERCISE 5. IDENTIFY STRUCTURES
OF THE EYE AND DESCRIBE FUNCTION
1. Palpebral conjunctiva
4. Pupil
5. Anterior chamber of the aqueous compartment
6. Posterior chamber of the aqueous compartment
7. Bulbar conjunctiva
8. Lower eyelid
9. Ciliary body
10. Lens
EXERCISE 6. IDENTIFY
STRUCTURES ON THE CAT
1. Lateral canthus
2 . I r i s
3. Pupil
1 . Ta p e t u m
2 . S c l e r a
3 . L e n s
FROM THE CALF EYE
1 . L e n s
2. Suspensory ligaments
3. Vitreous humor
EXERCISE 9. IDENTIFY THE STRUCTURES
3 . I r i s
4. Ciliary body
CHAPTER
9
CHAPTER 9 Sense Organs
262.e2
CRITICAL AND CLINICAL THINKING
EXERCISE 10. MATCHING TERMS AND
DEFINITIONS
C
EXERCISE 11. IDENTIFY KEY TERMS
1. Tapetum (tapetum lucidum)
EXERCISE 12. IDENTIFY GENERAL
AND SPECIAL SENSES
SENSE WHAT IS SENSED TYPE OF STIMULUS
General Senses
Visceral
sensations Hunger, thirst,
hollow-organ
fullness
Chemical,
mechanical
Special Senses
Taste Tastes Chemical
EXERCISE 13. DEFINE CLINICAL TERMS
1. Anterior chamber: Portion of the aqueous compartment
3. Aqueous humor: Watery fl uid that fi lls the aqueous
compartment of the eye.
4. Bulbar conjunctiva: Transparent membrane that covers
the front portion of the eyeball.
eye located immediately behind the iris; contains ciliary
muscles that adjust the shape of the lens.
8. Cochlea: Snail shell-shaped cavity in the temporal bone of
the skull that contains the hearing portion of the inner ear.
from the pinna to the tympanic membrane.
14. External ear: Externally visible part of the ear made up
of the pinna and external auditory canal.
15. Extraocular muscles: Muscles that move the eyeball.
16. Gustatory sense: Sense of taste.
17. Incus: One of three ossicles that help transmit sound
waves across the middle ear; also known as the anvil;
middle of the three ossicles.
18. Internal ear: Fluid-fi lled compartments within the tem-
20. Lacrimal glands: Glands that are the primary source of
tears.
21. Lacrimal puncta: Openings to the nasolacrimal ducts
23. Lens: soft, transparent structure in the eye made up of
layers of microscopic fi bers that are arranged like layers
of an onion; mainly functions to help focus a clear
image on the retina.
24. Limbus: Junction of the cornea and sclera of the eye.
262.e3
CHAPTER 9 Sense Organs
26. Medial canthus: Medial corner of the eye where the
upper and lower eyelids come together.
27. Middle ear: Air-fi lled compartment within the temporal
bone of the skull that transmits vibrations of the tym-
34. Optic nerve: Formed from retinal nerve fi bers; carries
visual nerve impulses to the optic chiasma and on to the
brain.
35. Ossicles: Skull bones that are the bones of the ear;
located in the middle ear; transmit sound wave vibra-
tions from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear.
the inner portion of the eyelid.
38. Perception: Part of the pain sensation that involves the
brain consciously recognizing pain.
39. Photoreceptors: Sensory receptors that convert photons
of light energy to nerve impulses that are interpreted by
the brain as vision; rods and cones of the retina.
4 8 . Ta p e t u m : H i g h l y r e fl ective area of the choroid in the
back of the eye of most domestic animals; also called
tapetum lucidum.
49. Tarsal glands: Glands on the eyelid margins that pro-
membrane that is tightly stretched across the opening
of the external ear canal into the middle ear; also called
the eardrum.
55. Uvea: Middle vascular layer of the eye.
56. Vestibule: Portion of the inner ear that senses position
and linear motion of the head.
EXERCISE 14. IDENTIFY CLINICAL STRUCTURES
1. Pupil
2. Vitreous humor
3. Palpebral conjunctiva
4. Lateral canthus