The emergency department nurse is assessing a 38-year-old man who was in a motor vehicle accident. The patient was an unrestrained driver of
the vehicle. The vehicle was traveling approximately 42 mph Upon impact, the driver collided with the windshield and sustained a head injury.
The patient is now stable, complaining of pain 9/10 in the head, neck, and shoulder region. Neurologic status: cranial nerves 2-12 intact; patient
is awake, alert, and oriented; computed tomography scan was negative for hematoma or hemorrhage. Vital signs: T 97.5, P 68, R 16, BP 130/70.
The patient is asking the nurse for pain medication; however, the nurse smells alcohol on the patient’s breath. Toxicology reports are pending.
1. Based on the information presented, what subjective data will assist the nurse in making a decision to treat this patient’s pain?
2. The nurse is teaching the patient about the standard amount of alcohol in various beverages. How would the nurse explain a standard drink in
the United States?
3. The laboratory findings showed evidence of chronic alcohol abuse. What risk factors are associated with this patient’s alcohol use?