Chapter 10: Motivation in the Work Setting
Learning Outcome 1
Give examples of dissatisfiers and satisfiers in Herzberg’s theory.
Concepts for Lecture
1. Herzberg’s two-factor theory postulates that there are two separate sets of factors that
influence motivation, each having a high-through-low value on a continuum. The two
2. Maintenance factors (dissatisfiers), also known as hygiene factors, are extrinsic
influences that do not relate to job content. Instead, they relate to pay, job security,
3. Motivation factors (satisfiers) come from intrinsic influences, related to work content,
and when workers have opportunities to realize them, will serve as strong motivators.
PowerPoint Slides
1. Herzberg’s two-factor theory
• Postulates that there are two separate sets of factors influencing motivation.
• Each set of factors has a high-low values on a continuum.
• Two factors:
2. Maintenance factors (dissatisfiers)
• Also known as hygiene factors
• Extrinsic influences
3. Motivation factors (satisfiers)
• Intrinsic influences
• Related to work content
Case Study: Motivation
Suggestions for Classroom Activities
• Have an informal in-class debate; split the class in half and delegate which side will be
supporting maintenance factors as the better motivation strategy, and which side will be
Reference
• Davis, K. (1981). Human behavior at work: Organizational behavior. New York:
Learning Outcome 2
Concepts for Lecture
1. Extrinsic sources of motivation are factors that do not relate to the work employees
perform, such as sick leave, salary, and vacation time. Fringe benefits can be motivators,
2. Intrinsic sources of motivation are derived from the work employees perform because it
is self-fulfilling to the individual to perform the work itself. For example, a teacher is
PowerPoint Slides
1. Extrinsic sources of motivation
• Derived from factors not related to the work employees perform
2. Intrinsic sources of motivation
• Derived from work performed because the work itself is self-fulfilling
• Hold more promise for improving performance.
Suggestions for Classroom Activities
• Have an in-class, student-led discussion about the differences between extrinsic and
Reference
• Davis, K. (1981). Human behavior at work: Organizational behavior. New York:
McGraw-Hill, p. 77.
Learning Outcome 3
Concepts for Lecture
1. Purkey’s Intentional Model depicts a positive way to influence motivation consisting of
four intentionally inviting elements. The four elements are optimism, respect, trust, and
2. In contrast, Purkey’s Intentional Model depicts also depicts a negative way to influence
motivation, consisting of four intentionally disinviting actions designated to: dissuade,
PowerPoint Slides
1. Four elements of positive motivation
• Purkey’s Intentional Model
• Four intentionally inviting elements
o Optimism
• Employees are viewed as being valuable and capable of being self-directed.
2. Four elements of negative motivation
• Purkey’s Intentional Model
• Four intentionally disinviting actions
o Dissuade
o Discourage
Case Study: Charge Nurse Shows Favoritism
Suggestions for Classroom Activities
• Using a case study of choice, have students identify areas in which the subject of the
Reference
• Bass, L.S. (1991). Motivation strategies: A new twist. Nursing Management, 22(2), 24.
Learning Outcome 4
Explain how the behaviors of the health care team can be enhanced by managers who are
Concepts for Lecture
1. Behaviors of the health care team are enhanced when managers shift from being order
givers to being facilitators. Individuals participating in ongoing staff involvement in
2. The organization will benefit from a shift in managers’ functions by the combined
strength of several competent individuals; sharpened and refined ideas; competition
PowerPoint Slides
1. Enhanced behaviors of an individual in response to a facilitative manager
• Improved performance
2. Benefits to the organization in response to a facilitative manager
• Combined strength of several individuals
• Sharpened and refined ideas
• Cooperation, not competition
Suggestions for Classroom Activities
• Have an in-class discussion to speculate why an individual’s behavior is enhanced and
Reference
Learning Outcome 5
Concepts for Lecture
1. Climate can be the result of chance or design, and is the collective events operating
simultaneously; the human environment in which people work. It influences the quality
2. Climate by design aims to improve motivation for the purpose of improving performance.
By arranging work relationships within and between departments, the organization can
3. Effective nurse leaders greatly influence the climate; important skills include
communication, group dynamics, decision making, and conflict management. Climate is
PowerPoint Slides
1. Climate
• Result of chance or design
• Collective events operating simultaneously
2. Climate by design
• Aims to improve motivation for the purpose of improving performance.
3. Climate cont’d.
• Determinant of opportunities given to nurses, resulting in high or low motivation
• Affects client’s opinions.
• Effective nurse leaders greatly influence climate; important skills include:
o Communication;
o Group dynamics;
Suggestions for Classroom Activities
• Have students form small groups of five or six to discuss personal experiences with
being in intentionally inviting and intentionally disinviting climates. (See section “A
Situational Approach” in the chapter.) How did each affect their performance? What
factors in the situation produced the climate? Did the climate encompass everyone in
the setting, or only some individuals? If there were different effects for different groups,
what did members in each group have in common that could account for the difference?
Can the students account for the situation (either know or speculate)?
Reference
• Davis K, (1981). Human behavior at work: Organizational behavior. New York:
McGraw-Hill, p. 104.
GENERAL CHAPTER CONSIDERATIONS
2. Have students complete end-of-chapter exercises either in their book or on the MyNursingKit
Web site.
MYNURSINGKIT
(www.mynursingkit.com)
• Web sites