Mechanical Engineering Chapter 9 Piping Equipment And Systems Overview Piping Equipment And Systems Deal With

CHAPTER 9

PIPING EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

OVERVIEW

Piping equipment and systems deal with the hardware and components of piping systems.

Similar to the preceding chapter on air handling systems, Chapter 7 goes into detail which is best

understood after exposure to the more basic materials in preceding chapters 5-8, which cover

overall systems.

Piping Equipment and Systems begins with basic review of engineering principles of fluid flow,

then describes HVAC applications including fundamentals of pump performance and selection

criteria. The chapter also covers heat exchangers. The remainder of the chapter deals with all

aspects of piping systems and accessories.

Reference tables for pipe sizing along with suggested details of construction make Chapter 9 a

useful reference for designing or reviewing piping installations.

CHAPTER 9

PIPING EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

9.1 What factors are considered in selecting pipe size for fluid flow applications?

9.2 What feature most differentiates turbine pumps from centrifugal pumps? How are

turbine pumps applied in HVAC systems?

9.3 What feature most differentiates positive displacement pumps from centrifugal

pumps? How are positive displacement pumps applied in HVAC systems?

9.4 For a given water piping system, a pressure of 50 ft. of head is required to produce

30 gpm water flow. How much pressure will be required to flow 60 gpm?

9.5 Compare differences in flow and head developed for two identical pumps operating

in parallel vs. operating in series.

with steel?

9.7 What factors limit maximum velocities in piping systems? Minimum velocities?

9.8 What are main differences in characteristics of calcium silicate, fiberglass and foam

rubber insulation, which would affect their applications?

9.9 What is the functional difference between a control valve and a balance valve?

9.10 Under what circumstances would three-way control valves be used rather than two-

way control valves, despite their higher expense?

9.11 What is the purpose of a check valve?

9.12 What are limitations and disadvantages of open expansion tanks for hot water

systems?

9.13 What are the advantages and disadvantages of expansion loops in comparison with

slip joints for thermal expansion compensation?

9.14 What provisions are recommended for air control in hydronic piping?

9.15 What provisions are recommended for condensate control in steam piping?

9.16 Why is reverse return piping system more desirable than direct return?

9.17 Why is closed loop system better than open loop system?

9.18 Is water cooling tower piping system an open or closed loop system?

9.19 One psi is equal to 2.31 feet of water. ( True ) ( False )

9.20 Calculate the WHP of a water piping system with flow rate of 100 gpm and 30 feet

head.

9.21 What BHP shall be required if the pump selected has an efficiency of 75% operating

at this condition?

9.22 What are the two types of fluid exchangers?

9.23 Which heat exchanger type is ideal for low temperature differential?

9.24 Grooved pipe mechanical joints can be used for steel pipe only. ( True ) ( False )

9.25 The advantage of grooved pipe mechanical joints is its extremely strong coupling.

( True ) ( False )

9.26 Soldered joints are used for type K copper. ( True ) ( False )

9.27 Why is it necessary to have air venting in a hot water system?

9.28 What value is used to approximate the latent heat of steam?

9.29 What is the purpose of a strainer upstream of a pump or control valve?

9.30 What is the purpose of a suction diffuser?

9.31 Name the three functions of a triply duty valve.

9.32 What are advantages of using district-heating plants instead of individual

building heating systems?

9.33 What are the main advantages and disadvantages of distributing steam at higher

pressures?

9.34 The contractor offers a fair cost credit for deleting isolation valves from the new

heating system he is constructing for you. Why should you insist that he install the

valves?

9.35 Why is it important to repair leaky steam traps as soon as possible?

9.36 What are important considerations in design and sizing refrigerant piping?