CHAPTER 8
KINEMATICS OF GEARS
GearGeometry
ͳǤ ࡺ ൌ ૝૝Ǣൌ ૚૛
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ܰȀܲൌ ͶͶȀͳʹ ൌ ͵Ǥ͸͸͹
Ǥ ݐ ൌ ߨȀʹܲൌߨȀʹ
ͳʹൌ ͲǤͳ͵ͳ
Ǥ ܦܰ൅ʹ
Ȁܲൌ Ͷ͸Ȁͳʹ ൌ ͵Ǥͺ͵͵
ʹǤ ࡺ ൌ ૜૝Ǣࡼൌ ૛૝
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ͵ͶȀʹͶ ൌ ͳǤͶͳ͹
194
Ǥ ݐ ൌ ߨȀʹʹͶൌ ͲǤͲ͸ͷͶ
Ǥ ܦܰ൅ʹ
Ȁܲൌ ͵͸ȀʹͶ ൌ ͳǤͷͲͲ
͵Ǥ ࡺ ൌ ૝૞Ǣࡼൌ૛
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ͶͷȀʹ ൌ ʹʹǤͷͲͲ
ͶǤࡺ ൌ ૚ૡǢࡼൌૡ
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ͳͺȀͺ ൌ ʹǤʹͷͲ
Ǥ ܲൌ ߨȀͺ ൌ ͲǤ͵ͻʹ͹
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͺ ൌ ͵Ǥͳ͹ͷ
195
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ͵ǤͲ
Ǥ ܽ ൌ ͳȀͺ ൌ ͲǤͳʹͷ
Ǥ ܾ ൌ ͳǤʹͷȀͺ ൌ ͲǤͳͷ͸͵
Ǥ ܿ ൌ ͲǤʹͷȀͺ ൌ ͲǤͲ͵ͳ͵
Ǥ ݄ൌ ʹǤʹͷȀͺ ൌ ͲǤʹͺͳ͵
Ǥ ݄ൌ ʹȀͺ ൌ ͲǤʹͷͲ
Ǥ ݐ ൌ ߨȀʹͺൌ ͲǤͳͻ͸͵
Ǥ ܦൌ ʹͲȀͺ ൌ ʹǤͷͲͲ
ͷǤ ܰ ൌ ૛૛Ǣࡼൌ૚Ǥ
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ʹʹȀͳǤ͹ͷ ൌ ͳʹǤͷ͹ͳ
Ǥ ܲൌ ߨȀͳǤ͹ͷ ൌ ͳǤ͹ͻͷ
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͳǤ͹ͷ ൌ ͳͶǤͷͳͶ
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ͳ͸
Ǥ ܽ ൌ ͳȀͳǤ͹ͷ ൌ ͲǤͷ͹ͳͶ
Ǥ ܾ ൌ ͳǤʹͷȀͳǤ͹ͷ ൌ ͲǤ͹ͳͶ͵
͸Ǥ ࡺ ൌ ૛૙Ǣൌ ૟૝
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ʹͲȀ͸Ͷ ൌ ͲǤ͵ͳʹͷ
Ǥܲ
ൌ ߨȀ͸Ͷ ൌ ͲǤͲͶͻͳ
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ʹͷǤͶȀ͸Ͷ ൌ ͲǤ͵ͻ͹
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ͲǤͶͲ
͹Ǥ ࡺ ൌ ૚ૡ૙Ǣൌૡ
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ͳͺͲȀͺͲ ൌ ͲǤ͵ͳʹͷ
Ǥܲ
ൌ ߨȀͺͲ ൌ ͲǤͲ͵ͻ͵
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͺͲ ൌ ͲǤ͵ͳͺ
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ͲǤ͵Ͳ
Ǥ ܽ ൌ ͳȀͺͲ ൌ ͲǤͲͳʹͷ
197
ǤݐߨȀʹ
ͺͲൌ ͲǤͲͳͻ͸
Ǥܦ
ൌ ͳͺʹȀͺͲ ൌ ʹǤʹ͹ͷ
ͺǤ ࡺ ൌ ૛ૡǢࡼൌ ૚ૡ
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ʹͺȀͳͺ ൌ ͳǤͷͷ͸
Ǥܲ
ൌ ߨȀͳͺ ൌ ͲǤͳ͹Ͷͷ
Ǥ ݉ ൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͳͺ ൌ ͳǤͶͳͳ
ͻǤ ࡺ ൌ ૛ૡǢࡼൌ ૛૙
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ʹͺȀʹͲ ൌ ͳǤͶͲͲ
Ǥܲ
ൌ ߨȀʹͲ ൌ ͲǤͳͷ͹ͳ
198
ͳͲǤ ࡺ ൌ ૜૝Ǣ࢓ ൌ ૜ ൌ ࡰȀࡺ
Ǥܦ݉ܰ͵
͵Ͷൌ ͳͲʹ
Ǥݐܲ
Ȁʹ ൌ
Ȁʹ ൌ ͶǤ͹ͳʹ
Ǥܦ
ൌ݉
ܰ൅ʹ
ൌ͵
͵͸ൌ ͳͲͺ
ͳͳǤࡺ ൌ ૝૞Ǣ࢓ ൌ ૚Ǥ૛૞
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ݉ܰ ൌ ͳǤʹͷͶͷൌ ͷ͸Ǥʹͷ
Ǥܲ
ൌߨ݉ൌߨ
ͳǤʹͷൌ ͵Ǥͻʹ͹
199
ൌ݉
ͳʹǤ ࡺ ൌ ૚ૡǢ࢓ ൌ ૚૛
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ݉ܰ ൌ ͳͺሺͳͺሻ ൌ ʹͳ͸
Ǥܲ
ൌߨ
ͳʹൌ ͵͹Ǥ͹Ͳ
Ǥ ܧݍݑ݅ݒ݈ܽ݁݊ݐܲൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͳʹ ൌ ʹǤͳͳ͹
ൌ݉
ͳ͵Ǥࡺ ൌ ૛૛Ǣ࢓ ൌ ૛૙
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ݉ܰ ൌ ʹͲሺʹʹሻ ൌ ͶͶͲ
Ǥܲ
ൌߨ
ʹͲൌ ͸ʹǤͺ͵
200
ൌʹͲ
ͳͶǤࡺ ൌ ૛૙Ǣ࢓ ൌ ૚
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ݉ܰ ൌ ʹͲǤͲͲ
Ǥܲ
ൌߨ
ʹͲൌ ͵ǤͳͶ
Ǥ ܧݍݑ݅ݒ݈ܽ݁݊ݐܲൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͳ ൌ ʹͷǤͶ
Ǥ ܲൌʹͶ
ൌሺͳ
ͳͷǤࡺ ൌ ૚ૡ૙Ǣ࢓ ൌ ૙Ǥ૝
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ͲǤͶሺͳͺͲሻ ൌ ͹ʹǤͲͲ
Ǥܲ
ൌߨ
ͲǤͶൌ ͳǤʹ͸
Ǥ ܧݍݑ݅ݒ݈ܽ݁݊ݐܲൌ ʹͷǤͶȀͲǤͶ ൌ ͸͵Ǥͷ
201
Ǥ ܾ ൌ ͳǤʹͷͲǤͶൌ ͲǤͷͲ
Ǥ ܿ ൌ ͲǤʹͷͲǤͶൌ ͲǤͳͲ
Ǥ݄
ൌ ʹǤʹͷሺͲǤͶሻ ൌ ͲǤͻͲͲ
Ǥ݄
ൌʹ
ͲǤͶൌ ͲǤͺͲ
Ǥ ݐ ൌ ߨሺͲǤͶሻȀʹ ൌ ͲǤ͸ʹͺ
Ǥܦ
ൌͲǤͶ
ͳͺʹൌ ͹ʹǤͺͲ
ͳ͸Ǥࡺ ൌ ૛ૡǢ࢓ ൌ ૚Ǥ૞
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ݉ܰ ൌ ͳǤͷሺʹͺሻ ൌ ʹʹǤͶͲ
Ǥܲ
ൌߨ݉ൌߨ
ͳǤͷൌ ͶǤ͹ͳ
Ǥܦ
ൌͳǤͷ
͵Ͳൌ ͶͷǤͲͲ
ͳ͹Ǥࡺ ൌ ૛ૡǢ࢓ ൌ ૙Ǥૡ
Ǥ ܦ ൌ ͲǤͺሺʹͺሻ ൌ ʹʹǤͶͲ
202
Ǥ ܽ ൌ ݉ ൌ ͲǤͺͲ
Ǥ ܾ ൌ ͳǤʹͷͲǤͺൌ ͳǤͲͲ
Ǥ ܿ ൌ ͲǤʹͷͲǤͺൌ ͲǤʹͲ
Ǥ݄
ൌ ʹǤʹͷሺͲǤͺሻ ൌ ͳǤͺͲ
Ǥ݄
ൌʹ
ͲǤͺൌ ͳǤ͸Ͳ
Ǥ ݐ ൌ ߨሺͲǤͺሻȀʹ ൌ ͳǤʹͷ͹
Ǥܦ
ൌͲǤͺ
͵Ͳൌ ʹͶǤͲͲ
ͳͺǤ ȂͺǦͶͺǦͷ
ͳͻǤ ͳǣܲൌ ͳʹǣͲǤͲͲ͸ͲǤͲͲͻ
VelocityRatio
ʹͲǤ Ǥ ܥ ାே
ଶ௉ଵ଼ା଺ସ
ଶሺ଼ሻ ൌ ૞Ǥ૚૛૞ܑܖ
ʹͳǤ Ǥ ܥ ʹͲ ൅ ͻʹȀʹͶൌ ૚૝Ǥ૙૙૙ܑܖ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ͻʹȀʹͲ ൌ ૝Ǥ૟૙
203
ʹʹǤ Ǥ ܥ ͵Ͳ ൅ ͸ͺȀʹʹͲൌ ૛Ǥ૝૞૙ܑܖ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ͸ͺȀ͵Ͳ ൌ ૛Ǥ૛૟ૠ
ʹ͵Ǥ Ǥ ܥ ͶͲ ൅ ʹͷͲȀʹ͸Ͷൌ ૛Ǥ૛૟૟ܑܖ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ʹͷͲȀͶͲ ൌ ૟Ǥ૛૞
ʹͶǤ Ǥ ܥ ʹͶ ൅ ͺͺȀʹͳʹൌ ૝Ǥ૟૟ૠܑܖ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ͺͺȀʹͶ ൌ ૜Ǥ૟૟ૠ
ʹͷǤ Ǥ ܥ ൌ ൫ܰ൅ܰ
൯݉Ȁʹ ൌ ͸ͺ ൅ ʹʹሻሺʹȀʹ ൌ ૢ૙Ǥ૙૙ܕܕ
ଵଽ଴ଽଽ
ሺଶሻሺଶଶሻሺଵ଻ହ଴ሻ
ଵଽ଴ଽଽ ൌ ૝Ǥ૙૜ܕȀܛ
ʹ͸Ǥ Ǥ ܥ Ͷͺ ൅ ͳͺሻሺͲǤͺȀʹ ൌ ૛૟Ǥ૝૙ܕܕ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ͶͺȀͳͺ ൌ ૛Ǥ૟૟ૠ
204
ʹ͹Ǥ Ǥ ܥ Ͷͷ ൅ ͵͸ሻሺͶȀʹ ൌ ૚૟૛ܕܕ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ͶͷȀ͵͸ ൌ ૚Ǥ૛૞
ʹͺǤ Ǥ ܥ ͸͵ ൅ ͳͷሻሺͳʹȀʹ ൌ ૚૟૛ܕܕ
Ǥ ܸܴ ൌ ͵͸Ȁͳͷ ൌ ૛Ǥ૝૙
ErrorsinstatementsforProblems29Ǧ32:
ʹͻǤ ǯǤ
HousingDimensions
͵͵Ǥ ͲǤͳͲȀ
ܽͳȀܲ
ൌ ͳȀͺ ൌ ͲǤͳʹͷǢܦܰ൅ʹ
Ȁܲൌ ͸͸Ȁͺ ൌ ͺǤʹͷ

205
͵ͶǤ ܦܰ൅ʹ
Ȁܲൌ ʹͷʹȀ͸Ͷ ൌ ͵Ǥͻ͵ͺǣܻ ൌ ͵Ǥͻ͵ͺ ͲǤʹ ൌ ૝Ǥ૚૜ૡܑܖ ൌ ࢅ
͵ͷǤ ܦܰ൅ʹ
݉ൌͷͲ
ͲǤͺൌ ͶͲǤͲǢܻ ൌ ͶͲǤͲ ʹʹ݉݉ൌ ૝૝Ǥ૙૙ܕܕ ൌ ࢅ
͵͸Ǥ ܦൌͶ͹
Ͷൌ ͳͺͺǣܻ ൌ ͳͺͺ ʹʹൌ ૚ૢ૛ܕܕ ൌ ࢅ
GearTrainsAnalysis
͵͹Ǥ ܸܶ ൌ െ
ൌെସଶ
ଵ଼ ହସ
ଵ଼ ହସ
ଶସ ൌ െͳͷǤ͹ͷ ൌ ೔೙
೚ೠ೟
͵ͺǤ ܸܶ ൌ െ
ൌെ଺଼
ଶଶ ଺଼
ଶହ ൌ െͺǤͶͲ͹ ൌ ೔೙
೚ೠ೟
͵ͻǤ ܸܶ ൌ
ଶǤ଼଻ହ
ଵǤଶହ଴ ଶǤଷ଻ହ
ଵǤଵଶହ ଶǤଶହ଴
ଵǤହ଴଴ ଷ଴
ଵ଼ ൌ ͳʹǤͳ͵ͻ
ܦ
ൌܰ
Ȁܲൌ ʹͲȀͳ͸ ൌ ͳǤʹͷͲ
ͶͲǤ ܸܶ ൌ
ଶସ
଼଴ ଵ଼
଺଴ ൌ ൅ͲǤͲͻͲͲ
206
HelicalGearing
ͶͳǤ ܲൌͺǢ߶
ൌͳͶ
ιǢܰ ൌ ͶͷǢܨ ൌ ʹǤͲͲ
ൌ ߰ ൌ ͵Ͳι
݌ߨȀܲ
ൌ ߨȀͺ ൌ ૙Ǥ૜ૢ૛ૠܑܖ ൌ ࢖
ൌ ݌ൌ݌ܿ݋ݏ߰ͲǤ͵ͻʹ͹ܿ݋ݏ͵Ͳιൌ ૙Ǥ૜૝૙࢏࢔
ͶʹǤ ܰ ൌ ͶͺǢܲ௡ௗ ൌ ͳʹǢ߶ൌ ʹͲιǢܨ ൌ ͳǤͷͲǢ߰ ൌ Ͷͷι
݌ߨȀܲ
െܲ
ൌܲ
௡ௗ ܿ݋ݏ߰ ൌ ͳʹ ܿ݋ݏሺͳͶǤͷιሻ ൌ ͺǤͶͺͷ
௧௔௡ൌ ૙Ǥ૜ૠ૙ܑܖ ൌ ࡼǢܦ
ࡰ
ିଵ ௧௔௡
ିଵ ௧௔௡ଶ଴ι
Ͷ͵Ǥ ܰ ൌ ͵͸Ǣܲൌ͸Ǣ߶
ൌͳͶ
ιǢ߰ ൌ ͶͷιǢܨ ൌ ͳǤͲͲ
207
ିଵሺݐܽ݊߶ܿ݋ݏ߰ሻ ൌ ૚૙Ǥ૜૟ι ൌ ࣘ
ͶͶǤ ܰ ൌ ͹ʹǢܲ௡ௗ ൌ ʹͶǢ߶ൌͳͶ
ιǢܨ ൌ ͲǤʹͷǢ߰ ൌ Ͷͷι
݌ ൌ ߨȀͳ͸Ǥͻ͹ ൌ ૙Ǥ૚ૡ૞૚ܑܖ ൌ ࢖Ǣ݌ൌ ݌ܿ݋ݏ ߰ ൌ ͲǤͳͺͷͳܿ݋ݏͶͷι ൌ ૙Ǥ૚૜૙ૢܑܖ ൌ࢖
BevelGears
ͶͷͷͳǤͺǦͺͺǦͺ
ͶͻǤ Given:ൌ ૚ૡǢࡺൌ ૠ૛Ǣࡼൌ ૚૛Ǣ૛૙ιܘܚ܍ܛܛܝܚ܍܉ܖ܏ܔ܍
ComputedValues:
208
PitchdiameterGear:ܦܰ
Ȁܲൌ ͹ʹȀͳʹ ൌ ͸ǤͲͲͲ
PitchconeanglePinion:ߛ ൌݐܽ݊ିଵܰȀܰൌݐܽ݊
ିଵሺͳͺȀ͹ʹሻ ൌ ͳͶǤͲ͵ι
PitchconeangleGear:Ȟݐܽ݊
ିଵܰȀܰൌݐܽ݊
ିଵሺ͹ʹȀͳͺሻ ൌ ͹ͷǤͻ͸ι
Outerconedistance:ܣ
ൌͲǤͷܦȀ
߁
ܣ
ൌͲǤͷ
͸ǤͲͲ݅݊Ȁ͹ͷǤͻ͸ιൌ ͵ǤͲͻʹ
Facewidthmustbespecifiedǣࡲ ൌ ૙Ǥૡ૙૙ܑܖǡǣ
Nominalfacewidth:ܨ௡௢௠ ൌ ͲǤ͵ͲܣൌͲǤ͵Ͳ
͵ǤͲͻʹ݅݊ൌ ͲǤͻʹͺ
Clearance: ܿ ൌ ͲǤͳʹͷ݄ ൌ ͲǤͳʹͷͲǤͳͶͷ݅݊ൌ ͲǤͲͳͺ
Meanwholedepth: ݄ ݄ ൅ ܿ ͲǤͳͶͷ ൅ ͲǤͲͳͺ ͲǤͳ͸͵
Meanaddendumfactor:ܿ
ͲǤʹͳͲ ൅ ͲǤʹͻͲȀ݉
Geardedendumangle:ߜ
ൌݐܽ݊