Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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CHAPTER 6
SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT:
PHASES, TOOLS, AND TECHNIQUES
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STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
2. Compare and contrast the various component-based development methodologies.
4. Discuss the importance of prototypes and prototyping within any systems development
methodology.
5. Describe the outsourcing environment and how outsourcing works.
CHAPTER SUMMARY
This chapter introduces your students to the very broad and very large field of systems
development. The goal, of course, is not to make them into systems development experts but
rather to inform them of their roles as end users during the systems development process.
The primary sections of this chapter include:
2. Component-Based Development
4. Prototyping
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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LECTURE OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION (p. 160)
INSOURCING AND THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (p. 160)
1. Phase 1: Planning
3. Phase 3: Design
5. Phase 5: Testing
7. Phase 7: Maintenance
COMPONENT-BASED DEVELOPMENT (p. 167)
2. Extreme Programming Methodology
4. Service-Oriented Architecture – An Architecture Perspective
SELFSOURCING (END-USER DEVELOPMENT) (p. 170)
2. The Advantages of Selfsourcing
4. Which Applications for IT to Offload
PROTOTYPING (p. 174)
2. The Advantages of Prototyping
1. The Outsourcing Process
3. Geopolitical Outsourcing Options
4. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing
END OF CHAPTER (p. 185)
1. Summary: Student Learning Outcomes Revisited
3. Closing Case Study Two
5. Short-Answer Questions
7. Discussion Questions
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Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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MODULES, PROJECTS, AND DATA FILES
Supporting Modules
XLM/F Building a Web Page with HTML – Extended Learning Module F provides hands-on
instructions for building a Web page by writing the HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) code.
You’ll learn how to work with headings; adjust text sizes, fonts, and colors; manipulate
Group Projects
• Executive Information System Reporting: Political Campaign Finance Consultants
Electronic Commerce Projects
• Best in computer statistics and resources
Data Files
• There are no data files associated with this chapter. There may, however, be data files for
the Group Projects you select.
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Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• These are the Student Learning Outcomes for the chapter.
• Use them as a road map to inform your students of what you will be
• These are the Student Learning Outcomes for the chapter.
• This slide introduces the outrageous industry transformation for the
chapter.
• Kodak has seen a 75% drop in the sale of 35mm film, due to the
proliferation of digital cameras.
• These are some interesting questions to get class going.
• Most undergraduates have never used a 35mm camera.
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide introduces the notion of how information systems are the
support structures for meeting the company’s strategic goals.
• This slide introduces the three “whos” of systems development, which
provide a sort of framework for the chapter
• We start with the SDLC (and CBD) and letting in-house IT specialists
• This slide presents the organization for the chapter and the remaining
• This slide starts the section on the traditional SDLC (Student Learning
Outcome #1).
• This slide present s the top part of Figure 6.2 on page 161
• It highlights some of the more important activities within each phase
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide presents the bottom part of Figure 6.2 on page 161
• This presents the SDLC as a waterfall methodology
• This slide discusses the first activity involved in the planning phase.
• If you skip the planning phase, or you do not have a solid plan, your
• Project scope defines what the system will do from a 10,000-foot view.
• This slide discusses the second activity involved in the planning phase
• This slide discusses the last activity involved in the planning phase.
• A project plan is the primary tool used to manage a project and
• This slide presents Figure 6.3 on page 162, which is a sample project
plan created in Microsoft Project 2003.
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• Analysis is the second phase of the SDLC.
• The analysis phase involves end users and IT specialists working
• This slide discusses gathering business requirements.
• Gathering business requirements is typically the largest and most
• This slide discusses the requirements definition document.
• Ask your students what happens if one of the business requirements
inaccurately stated “the system must be able to handle 100
• This slide presents Figure 6.4 on page 163, which displays the cost of
finding errors graph.
• This slide begins the discussion of the design phase of the systems
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide discusses modeling during the design phase.
• This slide begins the discussion of the development phase.
• During the development phase you are actually build the information
system, which includes the technical architecture, database, and
• This slide begins the discussion of the testing phase.
• Launching a system that is not adequately tested will lead to system
• This slide continues the discussion of the testing phase.
• This slide begins the discussion of the implementation phase.
• During the implementation phase, the knowledge workers begin using
the system and start to determine if the system meets their needs.
• Reports, programs, and databases are modeled during the design
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide continues the discussion of the implementation phase.
• Training is one of the most important activities during the
SLIDE 28
• This slide discusses the selecting the right implementation method
during the implementation phase.
• This slide begins the discussion of the maintenance phase.
• The maintenance phase is the final phase in the SDLC.
workers.
SLIDE 30
• This slide begins the section on component-based development, CBD,
(Student Learning Outcome #2).
• CBD is the technical implementation of following a service-oriented
SLIDE 31
• This slide simply lists the three component-based development
methodologies that we cover in this chapter
SLIDE 27
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide introduces rapid application development (RAD).
• The RAD methodology was developed to respond to the need to
deliver systems very fast.
• This slide presents Figure 6.5 on page 167
• This slide introduces extreme programming (XP).
• Extreme Programming (XP) is a disciplined approach to software
development.
• This slide introduces the agile methodology.
• The agile modeling methodology is a practice-based methodology for
• This slide introduces and defines an SoA perspective
• SoA is a holistic organizational perspective or philosophy
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide starts the section on selfsourcing or end-user development
(Student Learning Outcome #3).
• This slide discusses how selfsourcing is both similar to and different
from the traditional SDLC
• This slide presents Figure 6.7 on page 171
• It illustrates the selfsourcing process
• This slide presents the advantages of selfsourcing
• This slide presents the disadvantages of selfsourcing
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
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• This slide talks about the IT tools end users need in order to
successfully undertake the process of selfsourcing
• This slide begins the section on prototyping (Student Learning
Outcome #4).
• It defines and describes a prototype and the process of prototyping
• This slide presents the four steps in prototyping
• These were graphically depicted in Figure 6.7 which appears in slide
• This slide presents Figure 6.9 on page 176
• It illustrates how the end result of prototyping differs for the
• This slide presents the advantages of prototyping
Chapter 06 – Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques
• This slide presents the disadvantages of prototyping.
• This slide begins the section on outsourcing (Student Learning
Outcome #5).
• This slide presents just a few of the many reasons why outsourcing is
growing so rapidly
• This slide provides a narrative discussion of the 4 major outsourcing
options
• This slide presents Figure 6.10 on page 179