Column A
Survey Number
This records the survey number that should also be written on the survey at the corner to enable the analyst to go back and check something if need be.
Column B
Attend
18-24 1
25-34 2
35-44 3
45-54 4
55+ 5
Column D
Gender
Female 1
Male 0
Actual zipcode entry
(2) highlight the entire data set by clicking the grey box northwest of cell
A1 and, (3) sort (Data/Sort) all of the data by zipcode and then go to
the zip code range for Cincinnati listed above and put a “1” for all
surveyees in Cincinnati and a “0” for those from out of town.
How long will you be visiting Cincinnati? (enter numerical value)
Column G Days Enter numerical values
Column H Nights Enter numerical values.
While visiting Cincinnati, how many people in your party will you be paying for, including yourself? (enter numerical value)
Column I Party size
While visiting Cincinnati, how much do you plan to spend DAILY within the City of Cincinnati for ALL members of your party on the following? (If expenditures are shared, please report only those which are your responsibility)
Column J Lodging Enter numerical values. If they enter a range (e.g., $10-$25), enter the average of that range ($17.5). This is dollars spent per day per party.
Column Q
Would you have visited Cincinnati this weekend if this race were not taking place?
Yes, would have visited 1
No, would not have visited 0
Column R
Does this visit to Cincinnati replace any other past/future visit to this area?
Yes, replaces a visit 1
No, does not replace a visit 0
Survey # Attend Age Gender Income Zipcode Visitors Days
Incremental
visitors Days
Incremental
visitors
Days*Party
Nights
Incremental
visitors
Nights*Party
Party
Attend, Vis,
Party Size
Attend, Local,
Party Size
Lodging
Lodging per incremental
visitor per day
Transportion Event
Incremental
visitor event
spending per day
Food Entertainment Shopping Other
Spending per incremental visitor
per day (not lodging)
Casual
Cas, Attend,
Vis, Party
TS
TS, Attend,
Visitors, Party
Both TS and
Casual
1 1 2 0 3 08055 1 4 4 12 3 9 3 3 140 46.67 55 125 42 130 75 120 20 175.00 0 0
2 0 2 1 1 45239 0 1 0 3 0 4 0 134 49 90 7 1 0
3 1 1 0 1 02147 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 154 77.00 844 22 116 32 45 5124.88 1 2 0
4 1 1 1 1 93676 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 112 112.00 413 13 60 16 21 2115.63 0 0
5 1 1 1 1 45209 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 60 029 46 3 1 0
6 1 3 0 1 45209 0 4 3 4 4 0 2 116 268 66 017 1 0
23 0 1 1 3 45215 0 4 3 1 0 2 0 91 18 26 2 1 0
24 1 2 0 3 45214 0 1 0 3 3 0 2 117 235 56 78 10 1 0
25 1 2 1 3 62376 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 176 58.67 9144 48 336 47 42 7195.04 0 0
26 1 1 1 3 45217 0 2 1 1 1 0 4 28 65 21 23 4 1 0
27 1 4 1 4 38536 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 83 41.50 21 108 54 300 57 85 11 290.75 0 0
28 1 2 0 4 87242 1 3 3 6 2 4 2 2 184 92.00 11 106 53 219 45 34 9212.13 0 0
29 1 3 0 4 45242 0 1 0 3 3 0 2 174 289 60 87 15 1 0
30 0 1 1 4 63665 1 3 2 2 162 11 0147 35 34 7 0 1
31 1 3 1 4 45240 0 1 0 2 2 0 4 96 201 45 43 9 1 0
32 1 1 0 4 92813 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 30 30.00 537 37 84 26 27 4183.13 0 1 1
33 0 2 0 4 32445 1 1 1 2 154 9 0 169 46 71 7 1 0
34 1 2 1 5 96090 1 1 1 4 0 0 4 4 30 7.50 8176 44 403 84 78 23 192.88 0 0
35 1 2 1 5 45214 0 3 2 3 3 0 4 144 296 72 116 15 1 0
36 1 4 1 5 08743 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 179 89.50 23 148 74 278 50 56 13 283.88 0 0
37 1 4 0 5 75479 1 4 4 4 3 3 1 1 70 70.00 19 64 64 168 30 28 6314.88 0 0
38 1 5 0 5 45234 0 4 3 4 4 0 2 272 707 108 158 30 1 0
39 1 3 1 5 75530 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 156 78.00 12 110 55 291 45 55 12 262.63 0 0
40 0 2 1 5 45218 0 1 0 2 0 5 0 214 45 56 7 1 0
41 1 3 1 5 45216 0 1 0 4 4 0 2 232 555 102 93 22 1 0
42 0 4 0 5 18859 1 3 2 6 247 22 0886 132 238 33 0 0
60 1 3 1 3 45224 0 3 2 5 5 0 2 250 627 93 97 21 1 0
61 1 5 1 3 45226 0 3 2 3 3 0 2 192 356 82 96 19 1 0
62 1 1 1 3 52036 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 2 30 15.00 978 39 121 27 70 4154.25 0 1 2
63 1 2 1 4 45233 0 3 2 3 3 0 4 135 348 61 83 9 1 0
64 1 2 1 3 45243 0 1 0 3 3 0 2 99 275 52 74 12 1 0
65 1 2 1 3 98301 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 106 35.33 14 144 48 241 52 76 11 179.21 0 0
66 1 2 0 3 45202 0 1 0 1 1 0 4 33 105 28 0 3 1 0
67 1 1 0 4 47315 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 30 30.00 532 32 65 24 31 4160.88 0 1 1
68 1 4 0 5 45242 0 4 3 6 6 0 2 414 846 161 206 31 1 0
69 0 2 0 4 45228 0 3 2 2 0 2 0 233 49 66 8 1 0
70 0 5 0 5 45235 0 4 3 7 0 2 0 1065 215 315 47 1 0
71 1 2 0 4 63319 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 196 98.00 14 92 46 201 47 34 8197.88 0 0
72 1 1 1 4 45237 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 37 73 23 17 3 1 0
73 1 2 1 5 45201 0 3 2 3 3 0 4 165 369 61 115 13 1 0
74 1 5 0 6 36162 1 3 3 21 214 7 7 206 29.43 23 532 76 1364 210 346 52 360.93 0 0
75 1 3 0 5 45235 0 1 0 5 5 0 2 295 638 124 120 30 0 0
76 1 4 0 4 58620 1 1 1 6 0 0 6 6 30 5.00 18 330 55 873 129 247 36 272.21 0 0
77 1 2 1 4 44273 1 3 3 6 2 4 2 2 197 98.50 14 104 52 219 40 63 9224.50 0 0
78 1 4 1 6 66940 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 2 30 15.00 16 138 69 340 54 71 12 315.25 0 0
79 1 1 0 4 45207 0 3 2 2 2 0 2 70 201 43 30 6 1 0
80 1 3 1 4 90569 1 2 2 6 1 3 3 3 166 55.33 14 162 54 302 57 87 12 211.42 0 1 3
81 1 1 1 4 73880 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 156 156.00 840 40 73 19 16 4160.38 0 1 1
82 1 4 0 6 00056 1 2 2 8 1 4 4 4 148 37.00 19 264 66 572 121 116 21 278.25 0 0
102 1 3 0 4 34921 1 2 2 8 1 4 4 4 175 43.75 18 216 54 403 73 150 16 219.00 0 0
103 0 5 1 3 87375 1 2 1 4 245 26 0502 88 96 22 1 0
104 1 1 0 3 35448 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 182 91.00 572 36 134 39 66 4159.75 1 2 1 2 2
105 1 5 1 3 24892 1 1 1 3 0 0 3 3 30 10.00 23 195 65 080 157 13 155.92 0 0
106 1 5 0 4 45208 0 3 2 5 5 0 2 330 840 123 213 22 1 0
107 1 3 1 3 45223 0 2 1 5 5 0 2 275 504 89 195 17 1 0
108 1 4 0 4 45205 0 1 0 6 6 0 2 402 833 118 251 34 1 0
109 1 5 1 4 00381 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 164 54.67 23 198 66 416 76 115 16 281.46 0 1 3
110 1 1 0 3 41633 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 30 30.00 733 33 57 24 30 2152.88 0 1 1
111 0 3 0 6 14512 1 3 2 1 72 15 0129 36 40 4 1 0
112 0 4 0 1 45205 0 1 0 4 0 5 0 448 87 98 16 1 0
113 0 1 0 4 45215 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 174 42 73 7 1 0
114 1 4 0 5 11835 1 1 1 4 0 0 4 4 30 7.50 19 292 73 510 99 183 20 280.63 1 4 0
115 1 4 1 6 29212 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 94 47.00 21 140 70 278 68 73 12 295.88 0 0
116 1 3 0 3 04196 1 1 1 3 0 0 3 3 30 10.00 14 171 57 308 51 76 15 211.50 0 0
117 1 1 0 3 45221 0 3 2 2 2 0 2 64 156 26 78 5 1 0
118 1 4 0 6 10334 1 2 2 6 1 3 3 3 134 44.67 22 183 61 436 83 164 16 301.38 0 0
119 1 3 0 6 58801 1 3 3 12 2 8 4 4 138 34.50 15 252 63 475 106 116 25 247.25 0 0
120 1 4 1 4 21071 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 110 110.00 18 60 60 152 33 30 5297.88 0 0
121 1 2 1 4 60169 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 104 104.00 11 35 35 110 27 18 4204.50 0 0
122 1 1 1 4 45243 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 70 139 43 41 7 1 0
139 1 3 0 1 45225 0 3 2 2 2 0 4 72 179 42 70 7 1 0
140 1 5 0 4 45234 0 3 2 4 4 0 5 308 672 93 141 25 1 0
141 1 2 1 3 45233 0 3 2 2 2 0 4 70 144 45 52 8 1 0
142 1 1 1 3 73228 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 83 83.00 837 37 88 22 11 3169.38 0 0
143 1 2 0 3 45235 0 2 1 2 2 0 2 100 214 41 45 9 1 0
144 1 4 0 3 12734 1 1 1 4 0 0 4 4 30 7.50 16 216 54 555 90 186 22 271.13 0 0
162 1 5 0 4 45206 0 4 3 2 2 0 2 124 300 60 98 13 1 0
163 1 1 1 3 27934 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 143 71.50 11 54 27 184 31 38 8163.00 0 1 2
164 1 1 0 4 45226 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 56 156 43 76 8 1 0
165 1 3 0 5 10178 1 4 4 16 312 4 4 200 50.00 14 248 62 475 102 116 23 244.38 0 0
166 0 3 0 3 75985 1 1 0 3 30 14 0262 53 56 10 0 0
167 1 3 1 4 45214 0 2 1 2 2 0 4 112 264 47 60 10 1 0
168 0 4 0 3 45227 0 1 0 3 0 2 0 308 80 67 16 1 0
169 0 4 0 3 19517 1 1 0 2 30 19 0256 56 86 7 1 0
170 1 1 1 3 65644 1 3 3 6 2 4 2 2 146 73.00 768 34 169 36 56 7171.63 0 0
171 0 4 1 5 20359 1 1 0 5 30 22 0795 139 228 28 1 0
172 1 2 0 4 41451 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 103 103.00 12 51 51 99 28 35 4229.38 0 0
173 1 2 1 5 45226 0 1 0 3 3 0 2 138 348 69 53 15 1 0
174 1 5 0 6 45691 1 1 1 7 0 0 7 7 30 4.29 26 497 71 1300 228 299 38 341.13 0 0
175 1 1 0 3 45242 0 1 0 1 1 0 4 38 51 19 34 2 1 0
176 1 1 0 3 69736 1 3 3 6 2 4 2 2 162 81.00 758 29 144 32 64 8156.38 0 1 2
177 1 1 0 3 45233 0 2 1 2 2 0 2 58 161 39 52 4 1 0
178 0 4 0 5 45229 0 3 2 1 0 2 0 140 32 45 5 1 0
179 1 1 1 2 45223 0 3 2 2 2 0 5 58 156 34 61 6 1 0
180 0 1 1 4 65457 1 3 2 2 97 11 0206 44 33 7 1 0
181 1 4 1 5 24034 1 2 2 12 1 6 6 6 194 32.33 16 432 72 886 170 202 36 290.29 0 1 6
190 1 2 0 3 45211 0 1 0 3 3 0 5 108 201 42 56 10 1 0
191 1 2 0 3 12228 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 154 77.00 14 74 37 188 43 51 5187.50 0 0
192 1 2 0 3 18541 1 1 1 3 0 0 3 3 30 10.00 12 132 44 281 62 87 9194.25 0 0
193 1 4 1 5 53919 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 152 76.00 22 118 59 300 61 70 9290.00 0 0
194 0 1 1 3 45209 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 51 20 34 3 1 0
195 1 2 0 4 45213 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 39 99 24 25 4 1 0
196 0 4 0 3 45212 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 224 42 51 12 1 0
197 1 1 0 3 94526 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 102 102.00 738 38 60 21 11 2138.50 0 0
198 1 3 0 4 98968 1 2 2 6 1 3 3 3 149 49.67 18 144 48 329 70 58 15 211.21 1 3 1 3 3
199 1 3 0 2 07522 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 215 71.67 16 156 52 222 62 74 12 180.58 0 0
200 1 3 1 3 45243 0 3 2 2 2 0 2 112 251 51 66 11 1 0
201 1 2 1 3 57185 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 122 40.67 14 126 42 248 62 87 8181.58 0 0
202 0 1 0 2 45208 0 2 1 1 0 2 0 76 20 12 4 1 0
203 1 4 0 6 45218 0 1 0 6 6 0 2 420 806 156 265 39 1 0
204 0 4 0 5 45218 0 2 1 2 0 5 0 246 50 49 11 1 0
205 1 3 0 5 99040 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 107 53.50 14 110 55 214 45 75 11 234.63 0 0
206 1 1 1 2 45206 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 70 166 24 52 4 1 0
207 1 1 0 3 45218 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 26 019 14 3 1 0
208 1 1 0 3 45194 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 2 30 15.00 466 33 129 29 64 6148.88 0 0
209 0 5 0 6 74169 1 1 0 2 30 26 0363 70 100 13 1 0
210 1 5 0 5 46192 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 2 30 15.00 21 146 73 323 57 56 15 308.75 0 0
211 1 1 0 4 45206 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 38 105 22 36 3 1 0
212 1 1 1 3 45218 0 3 2 1 1 0 2 26 54 22 38 2 0 0
223 0 2 1 5 45224 0 1 0 2 0 4 0 224 45 94 11 1 0
224 1 5 0 2 66914 1 3 3 6 2 4 2 2 167 83.50 26 104 52 219 48 58 7230.75 0 0
225 1 2 0 3 45211 0 2 1 3 3 0 2 105 222 55 67 7 0 0
226 1 4 0 2 35882 1 3 3 18 212 6 6 258 43.00 22 336 56 564 123 188 30 210.42 0 0
227 1 3 0 5 45238 0 1 0 3 3 0 2 174 323 73 90 15 1 0
228 1 4 0 6 63413 1 4 4 12 3 9 3 3 137 45.67 22 213 71 476 93 132 20 318.75 0 0
229 1 5 0 6 99980 1 3 3 12 2 8 4 4 208 52.00 26 288 72 707 114 131 26 322.88 1 4 0
230 1 4 0 6 60785 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 188 94.00 22 152 76 273 57 85 11 300.13 0 1 2
231 1 3 0 5 27934 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 157 52.33 12 159 53 430 67 150 15 277.79 0 1 3
232 1 3 0 2 45239 0 4 3 3 3 0 2 156 302 62 105 12 1 0
233 1 1 0 3 09410 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 102 51.00 856 28 156 26 60 5155.38 0 0
234 0 4 1 3 66224 1 2 1 4 185 19 0457 76 186 20 1 0
235 1 1 1 3 57860 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 30 30.00 434 34 83 18 18 3160.25 0 0
236 1 2 1 20562 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 212 70.67 12 132 44 329 45 103 15 211.96 0 1 3
237 1 4 0 4 45242 0 2 1 4 4 0 2 208 582 93 180 17 1 0
251 1 4 0 6 54907 1 1 1 5 0 0 5 5 30 6.00 23 400 80 795 123 258 33 326.30 0 0
252 1 3 0 3 45201 0 1 0 4 4 0 4 188 465 73 020 1 0
253 1 3 0 5 45209 0 1 0 3 3 0 4 177 390 69 121 18 1 0
254 0 4 1 2 31304 1 2 1 4 192 23 0376 82 143 14 0 0
255 1 5 0 6 88341 1 3 3 15 210 5 5 166 33.20 21 345 69 974 154 296 32 364.48 0 0
256 1 2 0 3 64369 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 2 30 15.00 14 80 40 156 42 53 6175.25 0 0
257 1 1 0 2 45224 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 40 102 31 70 6 1 0
258 1 4 0 4 72459 1 4 4 12 3 9 3 3 167 55.67 19 204 68 376 79 121 14 270.88 0 1 3
272 0 3 0 4 45233 0 2 1 5 0 2 0 0 85 180 26 1 0
273 1 4 0 6 62153 1 3 3 12 2 8 4 4 203 50.75 22 252 63 654 114 153 24 304.63 0 0
274 1 3 0 5 45238 0 1 0 3 3 0 5 180 390 69 67 18 1 0
275 1 5 0 6 25233 1 3 3 6 2 4 2 2 168 84.00 22 172 86 326 66 83 15 342.13 0 0
276 1 3 0 2 00907 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 131 43.67 15 102 34 342 64 81 15 206.33 0 0
277 1 2 0 2 45234 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 68 192 28 64 4 1 0
278 1 2 1 4 25541 1 4 4 12 3 9 3 3 149 49.67 12 147 49 342 51 123 15 229.83 0 0
279 1 1 1 3 31178 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 108 54.00 460 30 152 31 61 8158.00 0 0
280 1 1 1 2 64994 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 176 88.00 756 28 116 31 53 5134.00 0 0
281 0 2 0 3 13445 1 3 2 2 198 7 0 192 35 61 7 1 0
282 1 2 0 2 45204 0 1 0 1 1 0 4 34 68 21 19 3 1 0
283 1 2 0 4 13036 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 101 50.50 896 48 179 35 38 7181.38 0 0
284 1 1 0 2 45225 0 2 1 2 2 0 5 54 129 33 63 7 1 0
285 1 2 0 5 51835 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 120 60.00 14 92 46 256 48 79 11 250.13 0 0
286 1 2 1 3 01581 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 151 50.33 12 93 31 281 45 101 7179.63 0 0
287 1 3 1 5 45206 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 120 291 46 45 11 1 0
288 1 1 1 3 45215 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 56 124 36 25 8 1 0
302 0 3 1 3 45242 0 2 1 3 0 2 0 302 53 46 12 1 0
303 1 4 1 5 53919 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 152 76.00 22 118 59 300 61 0 9 255.00 0 0
304 1 2 1 5 96090 1 1 1 4 0 0 4 4 30 7.50 8176 44 403 84 85 23 194.63 0 0
305 1 2 0 4 45213 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 39 99 24 26 4 1 0
306 0 4 0 3 45212 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 224 42 75 12 1 0
307 1 1 0 3 86255 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 80 40.00 478 39 112 34 32 5132.50 0 0
308 1 5 1 6 61182 1 1 1 3 0 0 3 3 30 10.00 22 231 77 537 97 23 17 308.88 0 0
309 1 3 0 4 45194 1 4 4 20 315 5 5 260 52.00 14 270 54 638 96 38 23 215.85 0 1 5
310 1 1 0 3 45224 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 60 169 28 27 6 1 0
311 1 5 1 4 00381 1 3 3 9 2 6 3 3 164 54.67 23 198 66 416 76 78 16 269.13 0 1 3
312 0 1 0 2 45208 0 2 1 1 0 2 0 76 20 38 4 1 0
313 1 3 0 5 93761 1 1 1 4 0 0 4 4 30 7.50 14 204 51 483 99 13 26 209.63 0 0
314 1 3 0 5 99040 1 4 4 8 3 6 2 2 107 53.50 14 110 55 214 45 21 11 207.63 0 0
315 1 3 1 3 45243 0 3 2 2 2 0 2 112 251 51 40 11 1 0
316 0 4 0 3 19517 1 1 0 2 30 19 0256 56 135 7 1 0
317 1 3 1 1 45222 0 2 1 1 1 0 4 42 94 23 168 3 1 0
318 1 1 0 4 45226 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 56 156 43 52 8 1 0
322 1 2 0 3 45083 1 2 2 8 1 4 4 4 140 35.00 9192 48 420 57 42 17 184.13 0 0
323 1 1 0 3 41633 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 30 30.00 733 33 57 24 23 2145.88 0 1 1
324 1 1 0 3 45243 0 4 3 1 1 0 4 32 73 22 85 2 1 0
325 1 4 0 4 43950 1 2 2 8 1 4 4 4 182 45.50 22 208 52 502 109 34 26 225.25 0 0
2.2500 960 549 425 247 53.07 49.87 222.78 51 71 12
2.25882 1.29176
503.22$
68.55$
571.77$
Answers to Case Study for Chapter 12 — Measuring the Economic Impact of the MLB All-Star Game
Note that the survey in Exhibit 12.14 is to be used for this case study. Also, note that the first row (survey respondent) of the data set corresponds to that filled-out survey.
Note that Survey #183 has no zipcode on purpose to see how the student responds. There are two ways to handle this. One is to throw it out or notice that they have significant lodging spending so they likely are visitors. This answer here chose to keep it in and label it a Visitor.
Also, Surveys #200 and #290 have the wrong number of days (data entry error is simulated). I have fixed those for these answers. Most students ask about it and I put it back on them to figure out what to do.
Also, Survey #226 has 11 for Attend instead of 1. One thing to teach the students is to “clean” the data. The easiest way to catch typos is to Filter the Data (under Data/Filter/Autofilter) and look at the choices given on the pulldown.
Also, Survey #175 has 11 for Casual, where it likely should be a 1.
Question Answer Explanation
Question 1 42,059 The game sold out and seats 42,059. An assumption is that there were not any no-shows – somebody sat in every seat.
Question 2
Here is one method: First, insert a column and label it “Visitors”. Place a 1 for every visitor and a 0 for every local resident. Either create an
Excel formula or sort the entire data set by zipcode and it will make it easier to enter the 0s and 1s in groups. Second, note that each
survey represents more than one person (usually a family or group). Each of these people will take up a seat at the stadium if they are
attending. In order to count the number of visitors (versus locals) who attended the game, we must account for the Party size (Q7 on the
That is the number of visitors IN THE SAMPLE who attended the game. This needs to be done for the locals (attended and party size). It
should be 247. That means that of the people surveyed, 672 attended the game (425 visitors and 247 locals). This is only for the
SAMPLE. Some students will think that this is the answer. They might need to reminded (prior to starting) to be sure to do their
calculations for the entire POPULATION, not just the SAMPLE. Assuming a random sample of attendees, about 63% (425/672) of the
game attendees are visitors. So, multiply that ratio by 40,950 to get the answer: 26,600.
Question 3 4,444
First, a 0 for the TS column means that the person is not a Time Switcher. Thus, a 1 means that they are. Creating a new column (to the
right of the TS column) that will put in the size of the party if the person is attending the game, is a visitor, and is a Time Switcher. In doing
so, it shows that 71 people who attended the game and are visitors are also Time-Switchers. So 71/425 is the percentage of visitors
attending the game who are TS. Multiply that by 26,600 to get: 4,326. There may be slight differences due to rounding.
Question 4 3,192
This is similar, but for Casual Visitors. There are 51 Casual Visitors who attended the game in the SAMPLE. So, 51/425 is the percentage
of visitors attending the game who are Casual. Multiply that by 26,600 to get: 3,108
Question 5 19,715
This is simple, but with one caveat. Q5 = Q2-Q3-Q4+(those who were both Casual and TS). In other words, take the Visitors (26,600),
subtract off the TS and Casuals, but add in anyone who might have been both TS and Casual (because they will end up being subtracted
THEM (ALTHOUGH THEY ARE IN THE DATA SET AND COULD BE INCLUDED).
751.05882
Question 6
$222.78,
$53.07
The survey asks the question a spending per DAY for the GROUP. This question wants the spending per DAY for each PERSON. For non-
lodging, the daily spending per person is $222.78. For lodging, it is $53.07. This is for the people in Question 5 — those who are now
called “incremental” visitors. WE ASSUME THAT THE RESPONDENT ANSWERED THE QUESTION PER NIGHT STAYED, NOT
MAKING ANY ADJUSTMENT FROM DAYS TO NIGHTS.
Question 7
2.26,
1.29
Taking the average (only for the incremental visitors) of the number of days not accounting for party size leads to 2.25 days. When
weighting the number of days by party size, it is 2.26 (so not an important difference). For nights, the weighted average is 1.29.
Question 8 $571.77
Since Q6 asks for per person spending per day and Q7 asks for the number of days, then multiplying Q6 and Q7 gives the answer to Q8.
For non-lodging, it is $503.22. For lodging it is $68.55. The total, then, is $571.77. Again, depending on how one does the rounding, it
could be off by something.
Question 9 $6.97 million
This is where all of the pieces get put together. Q8 multiplied by Q5 gives the direct spending that comes from incremental visitors
($11,272,504). Also, 60% of LOC funding came from outside of the city ($2.7 million). This is assumed to be new incremental spending in
the city that would not have occurred otherwise. Also, Minute Maid took the opportunity to activate its sponsorship of the stadium by
spending an additional $1 million. Again, this is assumed to additional net new spending by Minute Maid. However, the City spent $8
million hosting the event. It is assumed that this money could have been spent elsewhere and is thus a cost of the event to be subtracted
off of the benefits that the event created.
Total EI = Direct EI + Indirect EI. Indirect EI = Direct EI*multiplier. Here the multiplier is given as 1.6 (usually it is a matrix for each
spending category). Thus, Total EI = 1.6*Q9 = $11.16 million
$11,272,504 2.7 1 8 $6.97
Question 11 5,435
Based on 2.4 persons per hotel room (from local CVB) and 35,000 rooms with 17% typically open (100%-83% occupancy), there would
typically be 14,280 spots open in hotel rooms in Houston. Given that 19,715 incremental visitors showed up, they blocked or crowded out
5,435 visitors (19,715-14,280). Note that this calculation is based on incremental visitors, not total visitors because a Casual Visitor (for
instance) staying in a hotel is a typical tourist anyway. Even if they stop another tourist from coming, they are here for another reason (not
the game), so that is not part of the calculation of economic impact.
14280 5,435
Question 12
$3.86 million,
$6.18 million
Take the 14,280 as the new incremental visitors because the other 5,435 incremental visitors are crowding out other visitors who would
have normally come and spent money. We will remove the EI from those 5,435 since it isn’t new and incremental, but would have been
provided by the crowded out visitors. This is possibly a strong assumption because these All-Star Game visitors spend more than a typical
visitor does. In fact, a major sporting event visitor spends about twice as much as a typical visitor (based on comparisons to CVB
numbers). Anyway, we don’t have the CVB information, so re-answer the previous Questions 9 and 10 with 14,280 for incremental visitors.
$8,164,876 2.7 1 8 $3.86 $6.18
Question 13 $1.026 million
The fiscal impact consists of the sales taxes collected, the hotel taxes collected, and the city’s portion of the stadium revenue from the
event. In most cities, some goods and services are taxed, but not all of them. Without specific information, it is simplest in this case to
assume that all spending is subject to sales taxation and lodging is subject to a hotel tax. The Event spending category will be subject to
sales taxation, but also 20% of it will go to the City. Q8 showed that lodging spending is $68.55 per person per stay. Based on 14,280
(incremental visitors accounting for hotel capacity constraints), the hotel taxes collected are $68.55*14,280*0.15=$146,834. Non-lodging
always a “per day” type of spending, but usually the event is one day even if the group stays three days. Here, we‘ll assume that it is a per
day amount to be consistent. That implies that per person spending per stay is $49.87*2.26 (from Q7). That multiplied by 14,280 with 20%
going to the City = $414,857. So, in total, the fiscal impact is all three added together which equals $1.026 million. This is higher than in
many actual studies because here we counted all spending as being subject to sales taxes. If we include the LOC spending and the Minute
Maid sponsorship spending, that raises it (if it is all subject to sales tax) by $286,750. Further, the indirect spending would also be subject
to typical taxes in the community. That is not calculated here.
$146,834 $556,914 $321,889