CHAPTER 15
Tobacco Products and Tobacco Use
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After studying this chapter, students should be able to:
•
15.2: Understand the scope of the problem of tobacco use
•
15.3: Comprehend the pharmacology, methods of use, and subjective
effects of tobacco
•
15.4: Describe the complications of long-term use of tobacco
•
15.6: Explain the benefits of smoking cessation
•
15.7: Understand the DSM criteria for tobacco-related disorders
CHAPTER OUTLINE
A Very Short History of Tobacco Use in the United States
Scope of the Problem of Tobacco Use
The Pharmacology of Cigarette Smoking
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)
Nicotine
Acetaldehyde
Drug Interactions Between Nicotine and Prescribed Medications
The Effects of Nicotine on the Body
Nicotine Addiction
Nicotine Withdrawal
Complications of Long-Term Use of Tobacco Products
The Mouth, Throat, and Pulmonary System
The Digestive System
The Cardiovascular System
The Skin
The Central Nervous System
The Reproductive System
Other Complications Associated with Cigarette Smoking
Additives
Degrees of Risk
Smokeless Tobacco
Secondhand Smoke
Smoking Cessation
Cigarette Cessation and Weight Gain
Tobacco Use and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Edition)
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
The purpose of this chapter is to help the reader gain an understanding of the history of tobacco
use, and the fact that cigarette smoking is a delivery mechanism for a very addictive
compound—nicotine. The mechanism of action of this compound will be reviewed, along with
the effects of nicotine and the risks inherent in tobacco use.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
Break-Out Discussion #1:
Who decides what is fair? Many states now mandate that smoking not be allowed in specified
areas (restaurants, bars, hospitals, and so on). Many places of business have similar restrictions.
Questions
1. If you are a nonsmoker, how would you react to the scenario of the guest smoking in your
home without permission?
2. Do you think that cigarettes can be enough of an issue to break up a relationship mentioned
at the end of the second paragraph above? What about other drugs? Have you ever known such
a situation to occur?
3. Does the majority of the population have the right to make laws regulating the minority who
smoke? Before you answer this, consider that the vast majority of those who smoke are
addicted to nicotine. Does this fact influence your answer? Why or why not?
Break-Out Discussion #2:
cessation program only increases the number of individuals who quit on their own. These
nicotine replacement systems were once available only by prescription, but have now been
reclassified as safe for over-the-counter use. Such products will assist individuals who smoke
(whether in treatment or not) to gradually reduce their physical dependence on nicotine.
However, those who quit on their own or who resort to nicotine replacement products, or those
who quit without the use of such products, will not come to the attention of health care
professionals who deal with cigarette smoking.
Questions
1. Who benefits by the belief that those who smoke cannot quit on their own? How do they
benefit? How might they be able to encourage the spread of this belief?
2. According to your reading, who is hurt by this belief? How?
3. Have you ever tried to quit smoking? What did you do? Were you successful? Do you know
anyone else who has tried to quit? What did they do?
KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
PET scan: Abbreviation for positron emission tomography. This process produces three-
Chippers: A subgroup of individuals who use a substance, who evidence a non-daily need
to use that substance or use it only occasionally
LO/STANDARDS CORRELATION CHART
A-head
LO
Standard 1—CACREP
A Very Short History of
Tobacco Use in the United
States
15.1:
Understand
the history of
tobacco use in
the United
States
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors
Scope of the Problem of
Tobacco Use
15.2:
Understand
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors
the scope of
the problem
of tobacco use
The Pharmacology of
Cigarette Smoking
The Effects of Nicotine on
the Body
15.3:
Comprehend
the
pharmacology,
methods of
use, and
subjective
effects of
tobacco
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors
3e: biological, neurological, and
physiological factors that affect human
development, functioning, and behavior
Complications of Long-
Term Use of Tobacco
Products
15.4: Describe
the
complications
of long-term
use of tobacco
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors
3e: biological, neurological, and
physiological factors that affect human
development, functioning, and behavior
Secondhand Smoke
15.5: Describe
the concerns
regarding
secondhand
smoke
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors
3e: biological, neurological, and
physiological factors that affect human
development, functioning, and behavior
Smoking Cessation
15.6: Explain
the benefits of
smoking
cessation
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors
3e: biological, neurological, and
physiological factors that affect human
development, functioning, and behavior
Tobacco Use and the
Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental
Disorders, 5th Edition
15.7:
Understand
the DSM
criteria for
tobacco-
related
disorders
3d: theories and etiology of addictions
and addictive behaviors