Northouse, Leadership 9e
SAGE Publishing, 2022
Discussion Questions
Chapter 7: Leader–Member Exchange Theory
1. What is the focal point of LMX theory? How does LMX theory challenge a basic assumption
common to prior theories?
3. Contrast the experiences of in-group and out-group members. Have you observed groups that
fit these descriptions in an organization in which you work or with which you affiliate? Give
4. What are the specific benefits of high-quality leader–member relationships for leaders?
5. Summarize the results of later studies addressing LMX theory and organizational
effectiveness.
6. What new understandings of LMX were revealed by the Gerstner and Day (1997) meta-
analysis? Why is it important to measure LMX from both the perspective of the leader and
follower?
7. According to the research cited in our textbook, how does electronic communication between
leaders and followers impact their relationship quality?
8. In what ways has technology use enhanced or hindered your working relationship with a
leader or follower? For example: texting (instead of phoning), use of social media sites (instead
9. What are employee citizenship behaviors and how are they related to LMX?
11. Can you think of an example where a leader’s effective management of a conflict at work
improved his/her relationship with followers?
12. What is the relationship between LMX and employee empowerment?
13. Explain differences in goal accomplishment using in-groups as compared to out-groups.
14. What do Graen and Uhl-Bien prescribe of leaders?
16. How can LMX be used by CEOs to develop tactical relationships within their organizations?
17. Complete the LMX 7 Questionnaire. How would you interpret the results? Give an example
18. Complete Case 7.3. (or 7.1 or 7.2). Answer all questions.