119
Exercise 29
Pavement Edge
Restraint Installation
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this exercise include the identification
of edge restraint alternatives for paving projects and the
proper installation of selected edge restraints.
TEXTBOOK REFERENCE
Information related to this activity can be found in the
Landscape Construction textbook in Chapter 22, Materi-
als and Site Preparation for Paving.
INTRODUCTION
Paving surfaces created with dry-laid, unit, and granular
materials require the construction of a stable edge to
contain the paving surface. Depending on the edging
setting bed and pavers are installed. Edge restraints cre-
ated out of metal or vertical bricks should be put in place
when paving is nearly complete, but before paving edge
pieces are put in place. A few edge restraints, including
Stone (Pre- or Postpaving Placement)
• Select a heavy wall stone material, typically
4–8 inches wide. Longer stones make for a more
stable installation; shorter stones are used to turn
corners.
blocks.
• Backfill and compact around the edge restraint.
Concrete Curbing (Prepaving
Installation)
• Mark the alignment of the edge restraint.
• Excavate a trench along the perimeter where
the curb is to be placed. Make sure the depth is
correct for the thickness of the curbing selected.
If too deep, adjust the depth using granular
backfill. Construct forms (see Exercise 30) with
Precast Concrete (Prepaving
Installation)
• Mark the alignment of the edge restraint.
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120 Exercise 29 Pavement Edge Restraint Installation
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Concrete backfill
Precast concrete
or cut stone
Pavers
Sand
Compacted
aggregate
base
Soil
B.
E.
Pavers
Sand
Compacted
aggregate
base
Soil
Metal edging
Compacted
aggregate
base
Soil
Sand
Pavers
Stake
Partial depth
precast concrete
(exposed)
Compacted
aggregate
base
Sand
Soil subgrade
Wood stake
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Exercise 29 Pavement Edge Restraint Installation 121
• Fill any voids between paver and edge restraint
with base material.
• Backfill and compact along the outside edge prior
to placing the setting bed or pavers.
Composite Materials and Bender
Board (Prepaving Installation)
• Mark the alignment of pavement edge.
• Excavate a 6 inch wide trench slightly deeper than
the edge restraint width along the entire alignment
• Hold the restraint to the stakes and drive
galvanized 10d nails through the edger into the
stake. Rust-resistant 2 1/2 inch screws may be
used instead of nails to lessen disruption of the
stakes. If necessary, adjust the elevation of the
stake before fastening.
Plastic (Prepaving Installation)
• Mark the alignment of pavement edge.
Plastic (Postpaving Placement)
• After pavers are placed, use a steel trowel to cut a
vertical edge down from the pavers through the
setting bed sand to the base.
• Scrape this sand away.
setting bed. Placing the edge restraint directly
under the setting bed and on top of the base will
ensure that enough of the paver is covered to hold
it in place.
• Slowly work the edge restraint under and tightly
against the pavers along the length of the side.
If necessary, lightly tap the edge restraint with a
rubber mallet to force it into place.
• Verify that at least half the length and thickness of
each paver is covered with edge restraint. Trim off
extra.
with base material.
• Backfill and compact along the outside of the edge
restraint.
Metal (Postpaving Installation)
• After pavers are placed, measure and precut
• Backfill and compact immediately along the
outside of the edge restraint before seating edge
pieces.
edge cut straight down along the outside of the
pavement.
• Place a small amount of granular material in the
trench.
• Place brick vertically against the pavement.
• Adjust the height of the brick so that it is flush
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122 Exercise 29 Pavement Edge Restraint Installation
Wood (Pre- or Postpaving Insulation)
• Select a decay-resistant dimensioned lumber,
typically a 6 × 6 (occasionally 2 × dimensioned
lumber is used).
the outside edge of the paved surface. Place the
lumber segments in the trench tightly against
the pavers. Treated 2 × 2 or 1 × 4 stakes can be
PREREQUISITE EXERCISES
Students should have successfully completed Exercise5,
Tool Operation and Construction Techniques, and Exer-
cise 6, Cutting Paving and Wall Materials, before begin-
ning this exercise.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
• Proper clothing and safety gear
• Hand or circular saw
• 50 foot heavy-duty extension cord and access to a
• Steel trowel
• Rubber mallets
• 5 pound sledgehammer
• Brick hammer
• Utility knife and extra blades
• Weed barrier
• Edging materials, stakes, and fasteners for each
each of the following paving edges using the procedures
described:
• Stone
• Precast concrete
• Bender board
• Plastic, prepaving
• Plastic, postpaving
• Metal
• Wood, prepaving
The base area constructed as part of Exercise 28 may
be used for edge restraint practice.
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