15.47
15.48
15.49
15.50
15.51
15.52 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.53 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.54 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.55 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.56 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.57 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.58 H0: The two variables are independent
H1: The two variables are dependent
15.59
:H0
The data are normally distributed
:H1
The data are not normally distributed
Expected Observed
Interval Probability Value
i
e
Value
i
f
ii ef −
i
2
ii e/)ef( −
Z
-1.5 .0668 6.68 10 3.32 1.65
-1.5 < Z
-0.5 .2417 24.17 18 -6.17 1.58
15.60
:H0
The data are normally distributed
:H1
The data are not normally distributed
Expected Observed
Interval Probability Value
i
e
Value
i
f
ii ef −
i
2
ii e/)ef( −
Z
-1 .1587 7.94 6 -1.94 0.47
15.61
:H0
Times are normally distributed
:H1
Times are not normally distributed.
15.62
:H0
Costs are normally distributed
:H1
Costs are not normally distributed
1
2
3
4
5
6
A B C D
Chi-Squared Test of Normality
Hours
Mean 7.15
Standard deviation 1.65
Observations 200
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A B C D
Chi-Squared Test of Normality
Drug Cost
Mean 29.69
Standard deviation 27.53
Observations 900
15.63 Successful firms:
:H0
Productivity in successful firms is normally distributed
:H1
Productivity in successful firms is not normally distributed
Unsuccessful firms:
:H0
Productivity in unsuccessful firms is normally distributed
:H1
Productivity in unsuccessful firms is not normally distributed
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A B C D
Chi-Squared Test of Normality
Successful
Mean 5.02
Standard deviation 1.39
Observations 200
Intervals Probability Expected Observed
(z <= -1.5) 0.0668 13.36 12
15.64
:H0
Reaction times are normally distributed
:H1
Reaction times re not normally distributed
Phone
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A B C D
Chi-Squared Test of Normality
Unsuccessful
Mean 7.80
Standard deviation 3.09
Observations 200
Intervals Probability Expected Observed
(z <= -1.5) 0.0668 13.36 12
1
2
3
4
5
A B C D
Chi-Squared Test of Normality
Phone
Mean 0.646
Standard deviation 0.045
2
= .235, p-value = .8891. There is not enough evidence to infer that reaction times of those
using the cell phone are not normally distributed.
Not on phone
2
= 3.18, p-value = .2044. There is not enough evidence to infer that reaction times of those not
using the cell phone are not normally distributed.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A B C D
Chi-Squared Test of Normality
Not
Mean 0.601
Standard deviation 0.053
Observations 145
Intervals Probability Expected Observed
(z <= -1.5) 0.0668 9.69 8