32
Chapter 11: Shinto
Chapter Objectives
After reading this chapter, the student should be able to:
• Define the concept of kami and how it infuses Shinto followers with belief in the sacred
origins of Japan and its people.
Chapter Summary
Shinto, the native religion of Japan is less a system of doctrines than the reverent
expression of many aspects of Japanese life, foremost an expression of their love for their
country. Ethnically the Japanese are likely a mix of Korean, Mongolian and Malayan peoples but
the clashes with aboriginal tribes is still reflected in the receptivity to war and military features of
the culture. The strong effect of the Chinese influence is described. The Shinto myth is described
Chapter Outline
I. Introduction
II. The Background of Shinto
A. Ethnic Origins
B. Prehistoric Cultures
C. Yamato Ascendancy
33
1. The Family Model
2. The Guest Model
B. Confucian and Buddhist Influence on the Elite
C. The Revival of Shinto as a Separate Religion
D. Shinto Classical Scholars: Motoori
E. The Restoration of 1868
F. The Constitution of 1889 and the State Cult
G. Buddhism Disestablished
VII. Shrine Shinto Today
VIII. Domestic and Sectarian Shinto
A. Shinto in the Home
B. Sectarian Shinto
1. The New Religions
Discussion Questions
34
Scholars cite evidence that Japanese women played important roles as shamans before the 7th
century infusion of male-dominated Confucian and Buddhist influence. From the mid-19th
century to today, a number of new religions were founded by charismatic women leaders. What
is the perception of the woman in Japanese society today? Explore the ancient role of women in
Shinto and describe any parallels found in modern sects of Shinto in Japan today.