Case Synopsis, Uses, Discussion Questions, and Answers
39
a. Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is the amount retailers paid for the products sold including
b. Gross Margin is the profit that retailers make on the merchandise they sell. Tiffany & Co.
has a 60.7% Gross Margin and TJX had a 28.8% Gross Margin. Therefore Tiffany had a
significantly higher percentage gross margin (profit on the merchandise) that they sold. Retailers
like TJX and other off-price retailers like Ross Stores and other discount retailers, like Walmart,
Target, etc.,. typically have lower gross margins than most specialty stores including Tiffany.
This is because the strategy for discount stores is to offer merchandise at lower prices with less
c. SG&A Expense % The largest SG&A expenses for retailers typically is salary and wages.
SG&A also includes rent, utilities, advertising, and supplies. In looking at Tiffany & Co., one
can see how its SG&A expense (42.2%) would be much higher than TJX stores (16.8%). Tiffany
stores are typically in very high rent locations,
d. Operating Profit Margin is Gross Margin percent less SG&A percent. Tiffany
%) because Tiffany
significantly higher gross margin more than offsets Tiffany much higher SG&A expense
percent.
e. Net Profit Margin (after taxes): Net Income after Taxes) is