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e1
QUESTIONS
1. What are the general mechanical property qualifica-
tions for orthopedic biomaterials, and what are the
major categories of orthopedic implants?
type involved in this process?
4. Name six of the primary orthopedic implant
biomaterials.
5. Name one new orthopedic biomaterial and why it
was introduced (i.e., what specific problem/deficit is
it attempting to solve?).
ANSWERS
1. Generally orthopedic implants must be capable of
high strength, fracture toughness, and most impor-
2. (a) Particle and wear debris generation at the articu-
lating surfaces of total joint replacements causes asep-
tic loosening of the implants through the induction
3. The primary cytokines associated with osteolysis are
TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1, Prostaglandin E2 etc., pro-
duced by macrophage interaction with particulate
debris from implants.
4. Cobalt-based alloys; Titanium-based alloys; Stainless
steel; PMMA; UHMWPE; and alumina.
likely to induce hypersensitivity reactions because of
its corrosion resistance and less common presence
environmentally.
6. Orthopedic implant component modularity (more
components that fit together in vivo) is creating more
CHAPTER II.5.6
Orthopedic Application
