Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions
CHAPTER 5 Microbial Metabolism
Multiple Choice
1. c 5. a 9. a 13. a 17. a
Matching
Fill in the Blanks
1. the original reaction center chlorophyll
8.
Category of Enzyme
Description
Hydrolase Catabolizes substrate by adding water
Visualize It!
1. a. glycolysis (cytosol); b. electron transport (cristae); c.
Short Answer
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System, 5e
enzymes.
3. One way in which organisms regulate metabolism is by controlling the quantity and
timing of enzyme synthesis. Also, some eukaryotic cells control some enzymatic
4. Binding at an allosteric site alters the shape of the active site, thereby altering the
substrate binding. It affects the whole pathway of enzymatic reactions in either of two
5. In negative feedback, or feedback inhibition, the end product of a series of reactions is an
8. Cyanobacteria, purple sulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, green nonsulfur bacteria,
Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions
in the electron transport chain.
14.
Critical Thinking
1. The scientists could introduce Thermus and oxygen into the water so that arsenite is
5. Organisms lacking mitochondria can metabolize carbohydrates using glycolysis, but the
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System, 5e
10. Both photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation use energy to pump hydrogen
ions across a membrane, creating a concentration differential that is then used to drive
12. Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation are all metabolic activities
that capture the chemical energy in biomolecules and use it to produce ATP. Aerobic
13. The methanogenic prokaryotes in ocean sediments are anaerobic organisms that
14. Metabolic activities are controlled by a variety of mechanisms, none of which requires
conscious control, and are largely driven by internal and external conditions. The
Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions
20. Actually, patients who received arsphenamine were poisoned by the treatment, and treatment
was risky. Bacteria have a faster growth rate than human cells; therefore, when treatment was
22. The pH of the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion would be below 7.0. Hydrogen
25. The energy used to drive oxidative phosphorylation is derived from catabolic reactions,
which release the energy stored in complex molecules, but the energy capture is not
Concept Mapping
1. Glycolysis