e1
QUESTIONS
1. Scan the table of contents and abstracts from the last
three issues of the Journal of Biomedical Materials
Research or Biomaterials. List all the surface analy-
sis methods used in the articles therein and briefly
describe what was learned by using them.
inconsistencies are noted, explain those inconsisten-
cies using Table 2.
3. A titanium dental implant was manufactured by the
Biomatter Company for the past eight years. It per-
CHAPTER I.1.5
Surface Properties and Surface Characterization
of Biomaterials
TABLE 1    Critical Surface Tension Values 
for Common Polymeric Materials 
Calculated from Contact Angle 
Measurements
Material
Critical Surface
Tension (dynes/cm)
Polytetrafluoroethylene 19
Poly(dimethyl siloxane) 24
Poly(vinylidine fluoride) 25
Poly(vinyl fluoride) 28
TABLE 2    Concerns in Contact Angle 
Measurement
The measurement is operator dependent (for manual,
goniometer instruments)
Surface roughness influences the results
Surface heterogeneity influences the results
The liquids used can dissolve the surface
Few sample geometries are appropriate for contact angle
measurement
Information on surface structure must be inferred from the data
obtained