978-1133018216 Chapter 6 Neuroanatomy Lab 1 Seikel

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Neuroanatomy Lab 1

Cerebrum and Cerebellum Landmarks (Cadaver Lab)

To the Instructor:

Cadaver brain labs are very helpful, in that they provide students with a true understanding of the

wide variability of the brain, as well as an idea of its size. If you have a cadaver lab in your

university and can borrow the brain collection, it will be very worthwhile.

Because we have a two-campus program separated by a four-hour drive, I have brain labs on

separate days. Both follow the same format, which is basically one of discovery. We’re never

certain of the precise specimens that will be available for the labs, so we (students and myself)

prep on brain pictures and terms, which are part of the lab guide.

I run these labs within our classroom building. I use two tables end-to-end, covered with a

clean sheet of plastic. I also place a generous cover of sheet plastic under the tables to catch any

spilled wetting agent. I lay out the specimens in lasagna trays and encourage students to don

examination gloves and join me in examining the brains. I then work from tray to tray,

explaining structures to the students as we find them. I always have several neuroanatomy texts

on hand to look up relevant diagrams and photos for comparison.

The focus of this lab is on the cerebral cortex (lateral, inferior, and medial surfaces). The

following figures from the Instructor Resources CD-ROM may help.

Figure

6-2

Major landmarks of the cerebrum

6-2

Superior and lateral views of cerebrum

6-3

Photo of cerebrum

6-5

Landmarks of cerebrum and functional map

6-6

Medial surface of cerebrum

6-4

Homunculus

6-7

Basal ganglia

6-8

Cerebrovascular supply

6-9

Cerebellum, sagittal section and inferior view;

also relation to pons, 4th ventricle

Neuroanatomy Lab 1

Cerebrum and Cerebellum Landmarks (Cadaver Lab)

Lateral, Superior, and Medial Surfaces of the Cerebral Cortex

Before this lab, you will want to study the figures from your text to help you identify the

following landmarks.

Major fissures:

sylvian (lateral)

cerebral longitudinal

central sulcus (Rolandic fissure)

Lateral:

frontal lobe

precentral gyrus (motor strip) (Brodmann areas 4, 6)

Broca’s area (areas 44, 45)

supplementary motor area (superior and medial area 6)

premotor region (lateral areas 6, 44, 45)

superior frontal gyrus

middle frontal gyrus

inferior frontal gyrus

frontal operculum overlying insula

Parietal lobe:

postcentral gyrus (sensory reception) (Brodmann areas 1, 2, 3)

superior parietal lobule

inferior parietal lobule

supramarginal gyrus (area 40)

angular gyrus (area 39)

parieto-occipital sulcus

Temporal lobe:

superior temporal lobe (Brodmann area 22)

Wernicke’s area (posterior 22)

middle temporal lobe

inferior temporal lobe

Heschl’s gyrus (area 41)

Occipital lobe:

calcarine sulcus (Brodmann area 17)

primary visual reception

Insular lobe:

circular sulcus

central sulcus of insula

long gyri

short gyri

gustation

Medial surface:

cingulated gyrus

corpus callosum

splenium

genu

rostrum

parieto-occipital sulcus

Inferior cerebrum:

parahippocampal gyrus

calcarine sulcus of occipital lobe

hypophysis

rhinal sulcus

orbital gyri of frontal lobe

Cerebellum:

4th ventricle orientation

primary fissure

flocculus

nodulus of vermis

anterior lobe

middle cerebellar peduncle

superior cerebellar peduncle

inferior cerebellar peduncle