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STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—1ȱQUIZȱ
LegalȱConceptsȱ
Directions:ȱInȱtheȱAnswersȱcolumn,ȱwriteȱtheȱletterȱfromȱColumnȱ1ȱthatȱrepresentsȱ
theȱwordȱorȱphraseȱthatȱmatchesȱtheȱstatementȱinȱColumnȱ2.ȱ
ȱ
ȱColumnȱ1ȱȱColumnȱ2ȱAnswersȱ
ȱȱ 1.ȱPeopleȱunderȱtheȱageȱofȱ18ȱ1. _______ ȱ
ȱȱ 2.ȱConditionȱinȱwhichȱaȱpartyȱtoȱaȱcontractȱisȱȱ 2. _______ ȱ
ȱȱ ȱunableȱtoȱunderstandȱtheȱcontractȱ
ȱȱ 3.ȱTheȱrangeȱofȱactsȱthatȱanȱorganizationȱȱ 3. _______ ȱ
ȱȱ ȱauthorizesȱaȱpersonȱtoȱdoȱ
ȱȱ 4.ȱItemsȱthatȱareȱrequiredȱtoȱmaintainȱlifeȱȱ 4. _______ ȱ
ȱȱ 5.ȱTheȱabilityȱtoȱunderstandȱthatȱaȱcontractȱisȱȱ 5. _______ ȱ
beingȱmadeȱandȱitsȱgeneralȱmeaningȱ
ȱȱ 6.ȱAȱstateȱofȱmentalȱimpairmentȱthatȱresultsȱȱ 6. _______ ȱ
fromȱusingȱdrugs,ȱalcohol,ȱorȱinhalantsȱ
ȱȱ 7.ȱTheȱageȱofȱ18ȱorȱyoungerȱ7. _______ ȱ
ȱȱ 8.ȱTheȱageȱofȱ18ȱinȱmostȱstatesȱ8. _______ ȱ
ȱȱ 9.ȱAnȱactionȱwithȱtheȱintentȱtoȱbeȱboundȱbyȱȱ ȱ9. _______ ȱ
aȱcontractȱ
ȱȱ 10.ȱBothȱpartiesȱtoȱaȱcontractȱreturnȱtheȱ10._______ ȱ
considerationȱ
ȱChapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-58
ȱȱ 11.ȱTheȱseveringȱofȱtheȱchildȬparentȱȱ 11._______ ȱ
relationshipȱ
A.ȱnecessariesȱ
B.ȱdisaffirmanceȱ
C.ȱminorityȱ
D.ȱminorsȱ
E.ȱemancipationȱ
F.ȱȱ ȱ ageȱofȱmajorityȱ
G.ȱmentalȱȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱincapacityȱ
H.ȱscopeȱofȱȱ
ȱauthorityȱ
I.ȱcontractualȱ
ȱcapacityȱ
J.ȱintoxicationȱ
K.ȱratificationȱ
LegalȱApplicationȱ
12.ȱTarynȱisȱ16ȱyearsȱoldȱinȱaȱstateȱwhereȱtheȱageȱofȱmajorityȱisȱ19.ȱTarynȱplansȱtoȱ
beginȱworkingȱatȱaȱrestaurantȱnextȱweek.ȱHerȱparentsȱareȱwillingȱtoȱletȱherȱuseȱ
oneȱofȱtheirȱcars,ȱbutȱsheȱwantsȱherȱownȱcar.ȱIfȱTarynȱbuysȱaȱcarȱforȱfairȱmarketȱ
value,ȱwouldȱsheȱbeȱableȱtoȱreturnȱtheȱcarȱandȱgetȱaȱfullȱrefund?ȱExplainȱyourȱ
answer.ȱ
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—1ȱPRACTICEȱACTIVITYȱ
Readȱtheȱfollowingȱcasesȱandȱanswerȱtheȱquestionsȱaboutȱthem.ȱAttachȱaȱpageȱifȱadditionalȱ
spaceȱisȱneededȱforȱanswers.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱNineȬyearȬoldȱMelanieȱFranklinȱwasȱinjuredȱinȱaȱcarȱaccidentȱandȱtakenȱtoȱtheȱ
parentsȱfailedȱtoȱpay,ȱandȱtheȱhospitalȱsuedȱMelanieȱforȱtheȱcostȱofȱherȱ
treatment.ȱIsȱMelanieȱliableȱforȱherȱtreatment?ȱExplain.ȱ[NorthȱCarolinaȱBaptistȱ
Hospitalȱv.ȱFranklin,ȱ405ȱS.E.ȱ2dȱ814ȱ(N.C.ȱCt.ȱApp.ȱ1991)]ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱJones,ȱageȱ17,ȱenteredȱintoȱaȱcontractȱwithȱFreeȱFlightȱSportȱAviation,ȱInc.,ȱ
wherebyȱFreeȱFlightȱwasȱtoȱprovideȱJonesȱwithȱfacilitiesȱforȱparachuteȱjumping.ȱ
Asȱpartȱofȱtheȱcontract,ȱJonesȱsignedȱaȱreleaseȱform,ȱreleasingȱFreeȱFlightȱfromȱ
JonesȱsuedȱFreeȱFlightȱallegingȱthatȱtheȱcontractȱheȱsignedȱwithȱthemȱwasȱvoidȱ
becauseȱheȱwasȱunderȱeighteenȱyearsȱoldȱwhenȱheȱsignedȱit.ȱWillȱJonesȱbeȱableȱtoȱ
getȱoutȱofȱtheȱcontract?ȱExplain.ȱ[Jonesȱv.ȱDressel,ȱ582ȱP.ȱ2dȱ1057ȱ(Colo.ȱCt.ȱApp.ȱ
1978)]ȱ
Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-59
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—1ȱRETEACHȱ
Directions:ȱThisȱgameȱisȱcalledȱ“IȱHave—WhoȱHas.”ȱMakeȱtwoȱcopiesȱofȱtheȱtableȱ
below.ȱKeepȱoneȱcopyȱandȱcutȱtheȱotherȱoneȱintoȱseparateȱpieces.ȱShuffleȱtheȱcardsȱ
andȱgiveȱoneȱtoȱeachȱplayer.ȱReadȱtheȱfirstȱdefinitionȱtoȱtheȱplayers.ȱTheȱstudentȱ
whoȱhasȱthatȱtermȱwillȱthenȱorallyȱreadȱhisȱorȱherȱcard.ȱTheȱgameȱcontinuesȱuntilȱtheȱ
studentȱwhoȱhasȱaȱtermȱbutȱnoȱdefinitionȱreadsȱhisȱorȱherȱcard.ȱTheȱcardsȱcouldȱbeȱ
reshuffledȱforȱanotherȱroundȱofȱplay.ȱ
Firstȱdefinitionȱtoȱbeȱread:ȱȱWhoȱhasȱaȱnameȱforȱpeopleȱunderȱtheȱageȱofȱ18?ȱ
Iȱhaveȱminors.ȱ
ȱ
Whoȱhasȱtheȱ
testȱofȱwhetherȱ
aȱpartyȱ
understandsȱ
theȱ
consequencesȱ
ofȱaȱcontract?ȱ
Iȱhaveȱmentalȱ
incapacity.ȱ
ȱ
Whoȱhasȱtheȱ
rangeȱofȱactsȱ
anȱ
organizationȱ
authorizesȱaȱ
personȱtoȱdo?ȱ
Iȱhaveȱscopeȱofȱ
authority.ȱ
ȱ
Whoȱhasȱitemsȱ
thatȱareȱ
requiredȱtoȱ
maintainȱlifeȱ
andȱlifestyle?ȱ
Iȱhaveȱ
necessaries.ȱ
ȱ
Whoȱhasȱtheȱ
abilityȱtoȱ
understandȱ
thatȱaȱ
contractȱisȱ
beingȱmadeȱ
andȱitsȱ
generalȱ
meaning?ȱ
Iȱhaveȱ
contractualȱ
capacity.ȱ
Whoȱhasȱmentalȱ
impairmentȱ
resultingȱfromȱ
theȱuseȱofȱ
drugs,ȱalcohol,ȱ
orȱinhalants?ȱ
parentȬchildȱ
relationship?ȱ
childrenȱinȱ
theȱlateȱ1800sȱ
hadȱtoȱworkȱ
outsideȱtheȱ
home?ȱ
employmentȱ
ofȱchildrenȱ
underȱ16?ȱ
Whoȱhasȱanȱ
exampleȱofȱ
earlyȱ
emancipation
?ȱ
ȱChapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-60
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—1ȱENRICHMENTȱ
Asȱdiscussedȱinȱtheȱlesson,ȱcertainȱpartiesȱtoȱcontractsȱareȱassumedȱbyȱtheȱlawȱtoȱ
lackȱtheȱmaturityȱandȱexperienceȱtoȱprotectȱtheirȱselfȬinterests.ȱTheȱlawȱgrantsȱtheseȱ
ofȱmajorityȱandȱtheȱtreatmentȱofȱemancipatedȱminors.ȱWriteȱaȱparagraphȱdescribingȱ
theȱlawsȱthatȱrelateȱtoȱtheȱagesȱofȱmajorityȱandȱminorityȱinȱyourȱstate.ȱAnswerȱtheseȱ
questionsȱinȱyourȱparagraph:ȱ(1)ȱWhatȱisȱtheȱageȱofȱmajorityȱinȱyourȱstate?ȱ(2)ȱDoesȱ
yourȱstateȱgiveȱfullȱcontractualȱcapacityȱtoȱemancipatedȱminors?ȱ(3)ȱDoesȱmarriageȱ
automaticallyȱemancipateȱaȱminorȱinȱyourȱstate?ȱ
ȱ
© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as
permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom useȱ
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—2ȱQUIZȱ
LegalȱConceptsȱ
Directions:ȱWriteȱYesȱorȱNoȱinȱtheȱAnswersȱcolumnȱtoȱindicateȱtheȱcorrectȱanswer.ȱ
ȱAnswersȱ
ȱ
1.ȱCanȱaȱpersonȱwhoȱlacksȱcontractualȱcapacityȱdisaffirmȱaȱcontractȱȱ 1.ȱ______ ȱ
forȱgoodsȱandȱservicesȱthatȱareȱnotȱnecessariesȱatȱanyȱtimeȱafterȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱattainingȱcapacity?ȱ
2.ȱCouldȱaȱminorȱratifyȱaȱcontractȱbeforeȱachievingȱmajority?ȱ2.ȱ______ ȱ
3.ȱDoesȱaȱnewȱpromiseȱtoȱperformȱasȱagreedȱconstituteȱratification?ȱ3.ȱ______ ȱ
4.ȱCanȱtheȱratificationȱofȱaȱcontractȱbeȱwithdrawn?ȱ4.ȱ______ ȱ
5.ȱIfȱaȱminorȱdisaffirmsȱaȱcontract,ȱwillȱtheyȱbeȱentitledȱtoȱreceiveȱȱ 5.ȱ______ ȱ
everythingȱbackȱthatȱtheyȱgaveȱtoȱtheȱotherȱparty?ȱ
6.ȱDoȱallȱstatesȱforbidȱminorsȱtoȱvoidȱcontractsȱthatȱhaveȱbeenȱȱ 6.ȱ______ ȱ
approvedȱbyȱaȱcourt?ȱ
7.ȱWouldȱaȱminorȱwhoȱenlistedȱinȱtheȱarmedȱservicesȱbeȱpermittedȱȱ 7.ȱ______ ȱ
toȱdisaffirmȱsuchȱaȱcontract?ȱ
8.ȱCanȱmarriageȱcontractsȱbeȱdisaffirmed?ȱ8.ȱ______ ȱ
9.ȱDoȱminorsȱusuallyȱhaveȱtheȱrightȱtoȱdisaffirmȱbankingȱcontracts?ȱ9.ȱ______ ȱ
10.ȱDoȱsomeȱstatesȱallowȱminorsȱwhoȱsellȱrealȱpropertyȱtoȱdisaffirmȱȱ 10.ȱ______ ȱ
theȱsaleȱafterȱtheyȱachieveȱmajority?ȱ
11.ȱAreȱminorsȱheldȱliableȱforȱtortsȱevenȱthoughȱtheyȱhaveȱcapacityȱȱ 11.ȱ______ ȱ
rights?ȱ
12.ȱ
Isȱitȱpossibleȱforȱaȱminorȱwhoȱliedȱaboutȱhisȱorȱherȱageȱtoȱdisaffirmȱ
ȱ12.ȱ______ ȱ
aȱcontract?ȱ
13.ȱCouldȱaȱminorȱwhoȱgaveȱaȱfalseȱageȱbeȱheldȱliableȱforȱtheȱtortȱofȱȱ 13.ȱ______ ȱ
falseȱrepresentation?ȱ
LegalȱApplicationȱ
14.ȱDonȱAlanȱwasȱ17ȱandȱconsideredȱaȱminorȱwhenȱheȱbeganȱmakingȱpaymentsȱonȱ
anȱengagementȱringȱforȱhisȱgirlfriend,ȱAngie.ȱAfterȱthreeȱmonths,ȱDonȱAlanȱhadȱ
paidȱ$565ȱonȱtheȱ$985ȱcontract.ȱAngieȱdecidedȱtoȱbreakȱoffȱtheȱengagement,ȱbutȱ
sheȱrefusedȱtoȱreturnȱtheȱringȱtoȱDonȱAlan.ȱCanȱDonȱAlanȱreceiveȱaȱrefundȱfromȱ
theȱjewelerȱevenȱthoughȱAngieȱhasȱtheȱring?ȱExplainȱyourȱanswer.ȱ
ȱChapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-62
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—2ȱPRACTICEȱACTIVITYȱ
Readȱtheȱfollowingȱcasesȱandȱanswerȱtheȱquestionsȱaboutȱthem.ȱAttachȱaȱpageȱifȱadditionalȱ
spaceȱisȱneededȱforȱanswers.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱAndrewȱKavovit,ȱageȱ12,ȱsignedȱaȱcontractȱwithȱScottȱEdenȱManagementȱ
Companyȱ[Eden]ȱtoȱhaveȱthemȱmanageȱhisȱactingȱcareer.ȱUnderȱtheȱcontract,ȱ
rightȱtoȱcontinueȱtoȱcollectȱitsȱcommissionȱafterȱhisȱdisaffirmance.ȱWillȱEdenȱbeȱ
ableȱtoȱcollectȱallȱofȱitsȱcommissions?ȱExplain.ȱ[ScottȱEdenȱManagementȱCo.ȱv.ȱ
Kavovit,ȱ563ȱN.Y.S.ȱ2dȱ1001ȱ(N.Y.ȱSup.ȱCt.ȱ1990)]ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱPaolinoȱsignedȱaȱcontractȱguaranteeingȱaȱdebtȱofȱ$960.62ȱthatȱFlorenceȱBrendaȱ
himȱforȱtheȱ$960.62.ȱHeȱclaimedȱhisȱageȱasȱaȱdefense.ȱWillȱPaolinoȱhaveȱtoȱpayȱ
theȱmoneyȱevenȱthoughȱheȱisȱaȱminor?ȱExplain.ȱ[MechanicsȱFinanceȱCo.ȱv.ȱPaolino,ȱ
102ȱA.ȱ2dȱ784ȱ(N.J.ȱ1954)]ȱ
Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-63
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—2ȱRETEACHȱ
Directions:ȱGiveȱeachȱstudentȱtwoȱslipsȱofȱpaper.ȱAskȱthemȱtoȱwriteȱtheȱwordsȱCanȱ
DisaffirmȱonȱoneȱpaperȱandȱCannotȱDisaffirmȱonȱtheȱotherȱpaper.ȱReadȱtheȱfollowingȱ
conditionsȱtoȱtheȱstudentsȱandȱaskȱthemȱtoȱholdȱupȱtheȱappropriateȱpaperȱforȱeachȱ
contractȱsituation.ȱ
ȱ
Contractȱconditionsȱtoȱbeȱreadȱtoȱstudentsȱinȱanyȱorder:ȱ
AȱcontractȱmadeȱforȱnonȬnecessariesȱbyȱaȱpartyȱwhoȱ
lacksȱcapacityȱ
Cannotȱdisaffirmȱ
orȱtradeȱȱ
Aȱbankingȱcontractȱmadeȱbyȱaȱminorȱȱ Cannotȱdisaffirmȱ
Aȱcontractȱmadeȱbyȱaȱpartyȱwhoȱlackedȱcapacityȱ
withinȱaȱreasonableȱtimeȱafterȱtheyȱattainȱcapacityȱȱ
Canȱdisaffirmȱ
propertyȱafterȱachievingȱmajorityȱȱ
ȱ
ȱChapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-64
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
LESSONȱ9—2ȱENRICHMENTȱ
Inȱthisȱlessonȱyouȱlearnedȱmoreȱaboutȱcontractsȱinvolvingȱminors.ȱSomeȱcontractsȱ
minorsȱenterȱintoȱforȱgoodsȱandȱservicesȱthatȱareȱnotȱnecessariesȱcannotȱbeȱ
disaffirmed.ȱTheseȱexceptionsȱvaryȱconsiderablyȱfromȱstateȱtoȱstate.ȱReviewȱtheȱ
statutesȱandȱcasesȱofȱyourȱstateȱtoȱanswerȱtheȱfollowingȱquestions.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱIsȱaȱminorȱpermittedȱtoȱmakeȱdepositsȱinȱbanksȱandȱinȱsavingsȱandȱloansȱ
associations?ȱDoesȱyourȱstateȱpermitȱminorsȱtoȱmakeȱwithdrawalsȱasȱifȱtheyȱ
wereȱadults,ȱwithoutȱanyȱrightȱtoȱdisaffirmȱtheȱtransaction?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱDoesȱyourȱstateȱprovideȱthatȱminorsȱoverȱaȱcertainȱageȱmayȱnotȱdisaffirmȱcertainȱ
contractsȱofȱlifeȱinsurance?ȱIfȱso,ȱwhatȱisȱthatȱage?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
3.ȱCanȱaȱminorȱwhoȱengagesȱinȱaȱbusinessȱorȱtradeȱdisaffirmȱagreementsȱinvolvingȱ
hisȱorȱherȱbusiness?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
4.ȱCanȱaȱminorȱwhoȱownsȱrealȱpropertyȱandȱsellsȱitȱorȱborrowsȱmoneyȱagainstȱitȱ
disaffirmȱbeforeȱachievingȱmajority?ȱAfterȱachievingȱmajority?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
5.ȱCanȱaȱminorȱdisaffirmȱtheȱleaseȱofȱanȱapartmentȱevenȱifȱtheȱapartmentȱisȱnotȱ
necessary?ȱ
© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as
permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom useȱ
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
ȱ
TESTȱ
CHAPTERȱ9ȱ
SECTION I—IDENTIFY LEGAL TERMS
Directions:ȱPlaceȱaȱTȱforȱTrueȱorȱanȱFȱforȱFalseȱinȱtheȱAnswersȱcolumnȱtoȱshowȱ
whetherȱeachȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstatementsȱisȱtrueȱorȱfalse.ȱ
Answers
1.ȱMinorsȱhaveȱcontractualȱcapacity.ȱ
2.ȱIncapacitatedȱpartiesȱneedȱtoȱpayȱonlyȱtheȱfairȱmarketȱvalueȱratherȱ
thanȱtheȱcontractedȱpriceȱofȱnecessaries.ȱ
5.ȱAnyȱpersonȱwhoȱdrinksȱanȱalcoholicȱbeverageȱlacksȱtheȱlegalȱȱ
capacityȱtoȱmakeȱaȱvalidȱbindingȱcontract.ȱ
6.ȱTheȱstandardȱforȱnecessariesȱcannotȱvaryȱfromȱoneȱpersonȱtoȱ
another.ȱ
7.ȱPeopleȱactingȱoutsideȱtheȱscopeȱofȱtheirȱauthorityȱareȱgenerallyȱ
personallyȱliableȱwheneverȱtheȱorganizationȱisȱnot.ȱ
8.ȱDisaffirmanceȱofȱaȱcontractȱhasȱtoȱtakeȱplaceȱwithinȱsixtyȱdaysȱ
onceȱratificationȱoccurs.ȱ
9.ȱTheȱpartyȱlackingȱcapacityȱcanȱgenerallyȱdisaffirmȱcontractsȱforȱ
goodsȱandȱservicesȱthatȱareȱnotȱnecessaries;ȱyetȱtheȱpartyȱlackingȱ
capacityȱcanȱenforceȱthemȱagainstȱtheȱpartyȱwithȱcapacity.ȱ
10.ȱMinorsȱareȱnotȱusuallyȱliableȱforȱtheirȱtorts.ȱ
ȱ1.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ2.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ3.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ5.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ6.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ7.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ8.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ9.ȱȱ ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ10.ȱȱ ȱ
SECTION II—THINK CRITICALLY ABOUT LEGAL CONCEPTS
Directions:ȱInȱtheȱAnswersȱcolumnȱatȱtheȱrightȱofȱeachȱstatement,ȱwriteȱtheȱletterȱthatȱ
representsȱtheȱword,ȱorȱgroupȱofȱwords,ȱthatȱcorrectlyȱcompletesȱtheȱstatement.ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ Answers
11.
ȱ
Partiesȱwhoȱhaveȱspecialȱcontractualȱrightsȱareȱ(a)ȱminors,ȱ(b)ȱtheȱ
intoxicated,ȱ(c)ȱtheȱmentallyȱincapacitated,ȱ(d)ȱallȱofȱtheseȱ
11._______ȱ
ȱChapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
2-66
Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract 2-67
ȱȱ Answersȱ
12.ȱActingȱtowardȱaȱcontractȱasȱthoughȱoneȱintendsȱtoȱbeȱboundȱbyȱitȱ
isȱcalledȱ(a)ȱcontractualȱcapacity,ȱ(b)ȱratification,ȱ(c)ȱ
disaffirmance,ȱ(d)ȱnoneȱofȱtheseȱ
12._______ȱ
13.ȱWhenȱaȱcourtȱdecreesȱaȱminorȱemancipated,ȱitȱisȱreferredȱtoȱasȱȱ
(a)ȱformalȱemancipation,ȱ(b)ȱinformalȱemancipation,ȱ(c)ȱlegalȱ
emancipation,ȱ(d)ȱallȱofȱtheseȱ
13._______ȱ
14.ȱWhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱwouldȱmostȱlikelyȱbeȱclassifiedȱasȱgoodsȱ
orȱservicesȱthatȱwereȱnotȱnecessaries?ȱ(a)ȱcar,ȱ(b)ȱclothes,ȱ(c)ȱ
cosmetics,ȱ(d)ȱfoodȱ
14._______ȱ
15.ȱInȱmostȱstatesȱaȱminorȱcanȱgetȱbackȱeverythingȱtheyȱgaveȱevenȱifȱ
(a)ȱtheyȱareȱunableȱtoȱreturnȱexactlyȱwhatȱwasȱreceivedȱunderȱtheȱ
contract,ȱ(b)ȱtheȱgoodsȱhaveȱbeenȱusedȱorȱdamaged,ȱ(c)ȱtheȱgoodsȱ
haveȱbeenȱlost,ȱconsumed,ȱorȱdestroyed,ȱ(d)ȱallȱofȱtheseȱȱ
15._______ȱ
16.ȱSomeȱcontractsȱofȱminorsȱthatȱcannotȱbeȱdisaffirmedȱareȱ(a)ȱ
courtȬapprovedȱcontracts,ȱ(b)ȱenlistmentȱinȱtheȱarmedȱservices,ȱ
(c)ȱeducationalȱloans,ȱ(d)ȱallȱofȱtheseȱ
16._______ȱ
17.ȱȱ Whenȱtheȱconsiderationȱbyȱbothȱpartiesȱhasȱbeenȱreturned,ȱtheȱ
contractȱisȱsaidȱtoȱbeȱ(a)ȱdisaffirmed,ȱ(b)ȱemancipated,ȱ(c)ȱ
necessary,ȱ(d)ȱratifiedȱ
17._______ȱ
18.ȱȱ TheȱseveranceȱofȱtheȱchildȬparentȱrelationshipȱisȱreferredȱtoȱasȱ(a)ȱ
disaffirmance,ȱ(b)ȱemancipation,ȱ(c)ȱratification,ȱ(d)ȱnoneȱofȱtheseȱȱȱ
18._______ȱ
19.ȱWhenȱaȱpersonȱhasȱtheȱcapacityȱtoȱbindȱanȱorganizationȱtoȱaȱ
contract,ȱtheyȱareȱsaidȱtoȱhaveȱ(a)ȱfreeȱrange,ȱ(b)ȱscopeȱofȱ
authority,ȱ(c)ȱbothȱandȱb,ȱ(d)ȱnoneȱofȱtheseȱ
19._______ȱ
20.ȱGenerally,ȱaȱpersonȱlackingȱcontractualȱcapacityȱcanȱdisaffirmȱaȱ
contractȱforȱgoodsȱandȱservicesȱthatȱareȱnotȱnecessaryȱ(a)ȱanyȱ
timeȱwhileȱstillȱunderȱtheȱincapacity,ȱ(b)ȱwithinȱaȱreasonableȱtimeȱ
afterȱattainingȱcapacity,ȱ(c)ȱbothȱaȱandȱb,ȱ(d)ȱnoneȱofȱtheseȱ
20._______ȱ
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SECTION III—APPLY LEGAL PRACTICES
21.ȱLing’sȱmotherȱsellsȱjewelry.ȱLingȱtookȱtheȱcatalogȱtoȱhighȱschool,ȱandȱherȱfriendȱ
Randiȱorderedȱ$200ȱworthȱofȱmerchandise.ȱWhenȱtheȱmerchandiseȱwasȱ
delivered,ȱRandiȱdidn’tȱhaveȱtheȱmoneyȱtoȱpay.ȱCanȱsheȱbeȱforcedȱtoȱpay?ȱ
Explainȱyourȱanswer.ȱ
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22.ȱCarlȱwentȱtoȱtheȱlocalȱbarȱafterȱworkȱandȱspentȱtheȱrestȱofȱtheȱeveningȱdrinking.ȱ
Whenȱheȱstartedȱtoȱgoȱhome,ȱheȱdiscoveredȱthatȱhisȱtruckȱhadȱaȱflatȱtire.ȱWhenȱ
tenȱdollarȱbillȱandȱaȱrideȱhome.ȱWhenȱCarlȱcouldn’tȱfindȱhisȱtruckȱtheȱnextȱday,ȱ
Carlȱreportedȱhisȱtruckȱstolen.ȱCanȱlegalȱactionȱbeȱtakenȱagainstȱFred?ȱExplainȱ
yourȱanswer.ȱ
2-68 Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract 2-69
ANSWERS
Lessonȱ9—1ȱ
Quiz
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12.ȱBecauseȱTarynȱisȱaȱminor,ȱsheȱdoesȱhaveȱspecialȱcontractualȱrightsȱwhenȱsheȱ
Practice Activity
1.ȱNo,ȱMelanieȱisȱnotȱresponsibleȱforȱherȱmedicalȱcosts.ȱTheȱcourtȱsaidȱthatȱevenȱ
thoughȱMelanieȱwasȱaȱminorȱandȱtheȱmedicalȱcostsȱwereȱnecessariesȱforȱwhichȱaȱ
2.ȱJonesȱwillȱbeȱresponsibleȱforȱtheȱcontract.ȱWhileȱminorsȱhaveȱtheȱrightȱtoȱavoidȱ
contractsȱtheyȱenterȱintoȱasȱminors,ȱtheyȱmustȱdoȱsoȱeitherȱwhileȱtheyȱareȱminorsȱ
Reteach
Enrichment Activity
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Lessonȱ9—2ȱ
Quiz
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14.ȱDonȱAlanȱcouldȱreceiveȱaȱfullȱrefundȱofȱtheȱ$565ȱonlyȱifȱheȱreturnedȱtheȱring.ȱTheȱ
Practice Activity
1.ȱTheȱcourtȱruledȱthatȱEdenȱwasȱentitledȱtoȱcommissionsȱonȱallȱearningsȱthatȱwereȱ
derivedȱfromȱcontractsȱpriorȱtoȱtheȱdateȱheȱdisaffirmedȱhisȱcontractȱwithȱEden.ȱ
2.ȱYes,ȱPaolinoȱwillȱhaveȱtoȱpayȱtheȱmoneyȱevenȱthoughȱheȱisȱaȱminor.ȱPaolinoȱliedȱ
Reteach
2-70 Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract
Chapter 9 Legal Capacity to Contract 2-71
Enrichment Activity
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ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS
SECTION I
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SECTIONȱIIȱ
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SECTIONȱIIIȱ
