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Reteach
Foundationȱ
protocolȱ
ȱ
Enrichment Activity
ȱ
ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS
SECTION I
SECTION II
12.ȱcȱ
13.ȱdȱ
16.ȱaȱ
17.ȱbȱ
SECTION III
20.ȱTheȱU.S.ȱSupremeȱCourtȱhasȱoriginalȱjurisdictionȱinȱcasesȱinȱwhichȱtheȱexecutiveȱ
21.ȱTheȱEqualȱEmploymentȱOpportunityȱCommissionȱwasȱestablishedȱtoȱeliminateȱ
discriminationȱinȱtheȱworkplace.ȱFederalȱjobsȱareȱnowȱrequiredȱtoȱbeȱ
22.ȱCurrently,ȱcaseȱlawȱusesȱaȱcommunityȱstandardȱtoȱdetermineȱwhatȱcanȱbeȱ
consideredȱobsceneȱandȱregulatedȱorȱbannedȱbyȱlocal,ȱstate,ȱandȱfederalȱ
1-42 Chapter 3 Court Systems
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—1ȱQUIZȱȱ
Legal Concepts
Directions:ȱFillȱinȱtheȱblank(s)ȱwithȱtheȱmostȱappropriateȱtermȱorȱphraseȱtoȱcompleteȱ
theȱsentence.ȱ
Answers
ȱ1.ȱAnȱindependentȱthirdȱpartyȱcalledȱa(n)ȱ
____________________ȱmayȱbeȱableȱtoȱhelpȱtwoȱ
disputingȱpartiesȱreachȱaȱsolution.ȱ
1._______________________
ȱ2.ȱ____________________ȱorȱtheirȱdeputiesȱareȱ
officersȱwhoȱactȱasȱbailiffsȱinȱstateȱcourts.ȱ
2._______________________
ȱ3.ȱ____________________ȱcarryȱoutȱtheirȱdutiesȱinȱ
theȱfederalȱcourtȱsystem.ȱ
3._______________________
bothȱparties.ȱ
ȱ6.ȱȱAȱdecisionȱtoȱ____________________ȱorȱtakeȱaȱ
disputeȱtoȱcourtȱcouldȱbeȱavoidedȱthroughȱ
negotiation.ȱ
6._______________________
ȱ7.ȱAttorneysȱmayȱsubmitȱ____________________ȱthatȱ
containȱwrittenȱargumentsȱonȱissuesȱofȱlaw.ȱ
7._______________________
ȱ8.ȱAȱverbatimȱrecordȱwrittenȱduringȱaȱtrialȱisȱcalledȱ
a(n)ȱ____________________.ȱ
8._______________________
Legal Application
ȱ
9.ȱJackȱTaylorȱlivesȱinȱaȱtownȱthatȱrequiresȱitsȱresidentsȱtoȱmaintainȱtheȱsidewalksȱ
inȱfrontȱofȱtheirȱhomes.ȱJack’sȱelderlyȱneighbor,ȱZelmaȱShowalter,ȱtripsȱoverȱaȱ
largeȱcrackȱinȱhisȱsidewalk.ȱHerȱkneeȱinjuryȱrequiresȱextensiveȱsurgeryȱandȱsheȱ
mustȱgoȱthroughȱthreeȱmonthsȱofȱphysicalȱtherapy.ȱZelmaȱplansȱtoȱsueȱJackȱforȱ
improperlyȱmaintainingȱhisȱsidewalk.ȱJackȱisȱsureȱthatȱZelmaȱwillȱwinȱtheȱcase,ȱ
andȱheȱwillȱbeȱforcedȱtoȱpayȱherȱmedicalȱbillsȱasȱwellȱasȱexpensiveȱcourtȱcosts.ȱ
WhatȱalternativesȱtoȱlitigationȱmightȱJackȱpursueȱwithȱZelma?
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—1ȱQUIZȱ
LegalȱConceptsȱ
Directions:ȱFillȱinȱtheȱblank(s)ȱwithȱtheȱmostȱappropriateȱtermȱorȱphraseȱtoȱcompleteȱ
theȱsentence.ȱ
Answers
ȱ1.ȱAnȱindependentȱthirdȱpartyȱcalledȱa(n)ȱ
____________________ȱmayȱbeȱableȱtoȱhelpȱtwoȱ
disputingȱpartiesȱreachȱaȱsolution.ȱ
1._______________________
ȱ2.ȱ____________________ȱorȱtheirȱdeputiesȱareȱ
officersȱwhoȱactȱasȱbailiffsȱinȱstateȱcourts.ȱ
2._______________________
forumȱthatȱadministersȱjusticeȱunderȱtheȱlaw.ȱ
ȱ5.ȱA(n)ȱ____________________ȱdecisionȱisȱbindingȱonȱ
bothȱparties.ȱ
5._______________________
ȱ6.ȱȱAȱdecisionȱtoȱ____________________ȱorȱtakeȱaȱ
disputeȱtoȱcourtȱcouldȱbeȱavoidedȱthroughȱ
negotiation.ȱ
6._______________________
ȱ7.ȱAttorneysȱmayȱsubmitȱ____________________ȱthatȱ
containȱwrittenȱargumentsȱonȱissuesȱofȱlaw.ȱ
7._______________________
ȱ8.ȱAȱverbatimȱrecordȱwrittenȱduringȱaȱtrialȱisȱcalledȱ
a(n)ȱ____________________.ȱ
8._______________________
LegalȱApplicationȱ
ȱ
9.ȱJackȱTaylorȱlivesȱinȱaȱtownȱthatȱrequiresȱitsȱresidentsȱtoȱmaintainȱtheȱsidewalksȱ
inȱfrontȱofȱtheirȱhomes.ȱJack’sȱelderlyȱneighbor,ȱZelmaȱShowalter,ȱtripsȱoverȱaȱ
largeȱcrackȱinȱhisȱsidewalk.ȱHerȱkneeȱinjuryȱrequiresȱextensiveȱsurgeryȱandȱsheȱ
mustȱgoȱthroughȱthreeȱmonthsȱofȱphysicalȱtherapy.ȱZelmaȱplansȱtoȱsueȱJackȱforȱ
improperlyȱmaintainingȱhisȱsidewalk.ȱJackȱisȱsureȱthatȱZelmaȱwillȱwinȱtheȱcase,ȱ
andȱheȱwillȱbeȱforcedȱtoȱpayȱherȱmedicalȱbillsȱasȱwellȱasȱexpensiveȱcourtȱcosts.ȱ
WhatȱalternativesȱtoȱlitigationȱmightȱJackȱpursueȱwithȱZelma?ȱ
1-44 Chapter 3 Court Systems
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—1ȱPRACTICEȱACTIVITYȱ
Readȱtheȱfollowingȱcasesȱandȱanswerȱtheȱquestionsȱaboutȱthem.ȱAttachȱaȱpageȱifȱadditionalȱ
spaceȱisȱneededȱforȱanswers.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱAȱgroupȱofȱsecuritiesȱinvestorsȱsignedȱagreementsȱwhichȱrequiredȱthatȱanyȱ
disputesȱbetweenȱthemȱandȱtheȱinvestmentȱcompanyȱwouldȱbeȱsettledȱbyȱ
submittingȱtheȱclaimsȱtoȱbindingȱarbitrationȱratherȱthanȱfilingȱaȱlawsuitȱinȱcourt.ȱ
Whenȱtheȱinvestors’ȱinvestmentsȱwentȱbad,ȱtheyȱbroughtȱsuitȱinȱcourtȱallegingȱ
fraudȱandȱunauthorizedȱtransactionsȱinȱviolationȱofȱtheȱsecuritiesȱlaws,ȱinȱspiteȱ
ofȱtheirȱwrittenȱagreementȱtoȱsubmitȱtheȱmatterȱtoȱarbitration.ȱShouldȱtheirȱcaseȱ
beȱheardȱinȱcourt?ȱ[RodriquezȱdeȱQuijasȱv.ȱShearson/AmericanȱExpress,ȱ490ȱU.S.ȱ477ȱ
(1989)]ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱCharlotteȱandȱJohnȱwereȱmarriedȱandȱhadȱtwoȱchildren.ȱJohnȱdesertedȱhisȱ
family,ȱandȱCharlotteȱhadȱnotȱheardȱfromȱhimȱinȱeightȱyears.ȱCharlotteȱthenȱ
filedȱforȱsocialȱsecurityȱbenefitsȱforȱtheirȱchildrenȱonȱtheȱgroundsȱthatȱJohnȱwasȱ
presumedȱdead.ȱTheȱSocialȱSecurityȱAdministrationȱrefusedȱtoȱpayȱtheȱbenefitsȱ
becauseȱCharlotteȱhadȱnotȱprovenȱJohnȱtoȱbeȱdead.ȱShouldȱsheȱhaveȱto?ȱWhyȱorȱ
whyȱnot?ȱ[Edwardsȱv.ȱCalifano,ȱ619ȱF.ȱ2dȱ865ȱ(10thȱCir.ȱ1980)]ȱ
Chapter 3 Court Systems 1-45
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
ȱLESSONȱ3—1ȱRETEACHȱ
Directions:ȱCircleȱtheȱanswerȱtoȱeachȱquestionȱinȱtheȱpuzzleȱbelow.ȱAnswersȱmayȱ
appearȱinȱhorizontal,ȱvertical,ȱorȱdiagonalȱform.ȱTheyȱmayȱalsoȱbeȱwrittenȱ
backwardsȱorȱfromȱtheȱbottomȱtoȱtheȱtopȱofȱtheȱpuzzle.ȱ
ȱȱ1.ȱOfficersȱwhoȱcarryȱoutȱdutiesȱforȱfederalȱcourtsȱareȱcalledȱ__________.ȱ
ȱȱ2.ȱWhatȱisȱaȱgovernmentalȱforumȱthatȱadministersȱlegalȱjustice?ȱ__________ȱ
ȱȱ3.ȱAȱthirdȬpartyȱnegotiatorȱwhoseȱdecisionȱisȱbindingȱisȱcalledȱa(n)ȱ__________.ȱ
ȱȱ4.ȱAȱthirdȬpartyȱnegotiatorȱwhoseȱdecisionȱisȱnotȱbindingȱisȱcalledȱa(n)__________.ȱ
ȱȱ5.ȱWhatȱkindȱofȱcourtȱhearsȱdisputesȱfirst?ȱ__________ȱ
ȱȱ6.ȱWhichȱcourtȱthatȱtriesȱaȱcaseȱisȱsaidȱtoȱhaveȱoriginalȱjurisdictionȱoverȱit?ȱȱ_______ȱ
ȱȱ7.ȱTheȱverbatimȱrecordȱwrittenȱduringȱaȱtrialȱisȱcalledȱtheȱ__________.ȱ
ȱȱ8.ȱWhatȱtypeȱofȱcourtȱmayȱreviewȱtheȱdecisionȱofȱaȱlowerȱcourt?ȱȱ__________ȱ
ȱȱ9.ȱAȱwrittenȱargumentȱonȱlawȱissuesȱisȱcalledȱanȱappellateȱ__________.ȱ
10.ȱOfficersȱwhoȱcarryȱoutȱdutiesȱforȱstateȱcourtsȱareȱcalledȱ__________.ȱ
11.ȱWhatȱtermȱmeansȱtakingȱaȱdisputeȱtoȱcourt?ȱ__________ȱ
12.ȱWhatȱcourtȱofficerȱentersȱcasesȱonȱtheȱcourtȱcalendar?ȱ__________ȱ
TZTRANSCR I PT
S S R UMA R S R L T S
RW A L BA T HG I L F
1-46 Chapter 3 Court Systems
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—1ȱENRICHMENTȱ
Disputesȱcanȱbeȱsettledȱwithoutȱresortingȱtoȱtheȱcourtsȱbyȱacceptingȱtheȱassistanceȱofȱ
aȱmediatorȱorȱarbitrator,ȱasȱexplainedȱinȱtheȱtext.ȱYouȱmayȱhaveȱheardȱofȱmediationȱ
orȱarbitrationȱbeingȱusedȱtoȱsettleȱlaborȱdisputes,ȱforȱexample.ȱTalkȱtoȱaȱfriendȱorȱ
relativeȱwhoȱwasȱinvolvedȱinȱaȱmediationȱorȱarbitrationȱcase,ȱorȱreviewȱaȱcaseȱbyȱ
readingȱnewspaper,ȱmagazine,ȱorȱInternetȱarticles.ȱThenȱanswerȱtheȱfollowingȱ
questions.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱWhatȱwasȱtheȱissueȱbeingȱmediatedȱorȱarbitrated?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱWereȱtheȱservicesȱofȱaȱmediatorȱusedȱorȱwasȱanȱarbitratorȱselected?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
3.ȱWhyȱdidȱtheȱpartiesȱchooseȱmediation/arbitration?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
4.ȱWasȱtheȱmediation/arbitrationȱsuccessfulȱorȱdidȱtheȱcaseȱultimatelyȱgoȱtoȱcourt?ȱ
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—2ȱQUIZȱ
LegalȱConceptsȱ
Directions:ȱInȱtheȱAnswersȱcolumn,ȱwriteȱtheȱletterȱfromȱColumnȱ1ȱthatȱrepresentsȱ
theȱwordȱorȱphraseȱthatȱmatchesȱtheȱstatementȱinȱColumnȱ2.ȱ
ȱ
ȱColumnȱ1ȱȱ ȱ Columnȱ2ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱAnswersȱ
ȱ
1-48 Chapter 3 Court Systems
ȱ1.ȱȱ Aȱtypeȱofȱjurisdictionȱthatȱpermitsȱaȱ
courtȱtoȱhearȱanyȱkindȱofȱcaseȱ
ȱ2.ȱȱ Aȱtypeȱofȱcourtȱthatȱdoesȱnotȱacceptȱ
newȱevidenceȱorȱcallȱwitnessesȱ
ȱ3.ȱȱ Theȱnumberȱofȱfederalȱcourtsȱofȱappealȱ
ȱ4.ȱȱ Aȱcourtȱthatȱhasȱbothȱappellateȱandȱ
originalȱjurisdictionȱ
ȱ5.ȱȱ Theȱlowestȱfederalȱcourtȱwithȱgeneralȱ
jurisdictionȱ
ȱ6.ȱȱ Theȱnumberȱofȱcircuitȱcourtsȱinȱtheȱ
federalȱsystemȱ
ȱ7.ȱȱ Legislationȱthatȱestablishedȱtheȱcircuitȱ
courtsȱofȱappealȱ
ȱ8.ȱȱ Aȱtypeȱofȱjurisdictionȱthatȱpermitsȱaȱ
courtȱtoȱhearȱoneȱspecificȱtypeȱofȱcaseȱ
ȱ9.ȱȱ Theȱnumberȱofȱcourtsȱofȱappealȱforȱtheȱ
“federalȱcircuit”ȱ
10.ȱȱAnȱorderȱthatȱcompelsȱaȱstateȱcourtȱtoȱ
turnȱoverȱcaseȱrecordsȱtoȱtheȱSupremeȱ
Courtȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
LegalȱApplicationȱ
A.ȱappellateȱ
B.ȱoneȱ
C.ȱU.S.ȱSupremeȱȱ
ȱCourtȱ
D.ȱwritȱofȱȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcertiorariȱ
E.ȱgeneralȱ
F.ȱFederalȱȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱJudiciaryȱȱ
ȱActȱȱ
G.ȱtwelveȱ
H.ȱfederalȱȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱdistrictȱȱ
ȱcourtȱ
I.ȱthirteenȱ
J.ȱspecialȱ
ȱȱ1.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ2.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ3.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ4.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ5.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ6.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ7.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ8.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
ȱȱ9.ȱ__________ȱ
ȱ
10.ȱ__________ȱ
11.ȱLuisȱRamirez,ȱownerȱofȱanȱofficeȱbuildingȱinȱPittsburgh,ȱplansȱtoȱsueȱtheȱ
building’sȱcarpenter,ȱJohnȱAnderson,ȱwhoȱalsoȱlivesȱinȱPittsburgh.ȱLuis’sȱnewȱ
shingleȱroofȱleakedȱandȱcausedȱmoderateȱdamageȱtoȱtheȱinteriorȱwalls,ȱceilings,ȱ
etc.ȱLuisȱisȱseekingȱ$70,000ȱinȱdamages.ȱLuis’sȱattorneyȱhasȱpromisedȱtoȱpursueȱ
theȱcaseȱthroughȱallȱlevelsȱofȱbothȱtheȱstateȱandȱfederalȱcourtȱsystems.ȱIsȱLuis’sȱ
attorneyȱmakingȱaȱfalseȱpromise?ȱCouldȱhisȱcaseȱbeȱtakenȱtoȱtheȱU.S.ȱSupremeȱ
Court?ȱExplain.ȱ
STUDENT _______________________________________ CLASS _______________________ DATE _________
ȱLESSONȱ3—2ȱPRACTICEȱACTIVITYȱ
Readȱtheȱfollowingȱcasesȱandȱanswerȱtheȱquestionsȱaboutȱthem.ȱAttachȱaȱpageȱifȱadditionalȱ
spaceȱisȱneededȱforȱanswers.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱDuringȱtheȱPersianȱGulfȱconflictȱinȱ1990,ȱtheȱUnitedȱStatesȱsentȱthousandsȱofȱ
soldiersȱtoȱtheȱIraqȱandȱKuwaitȱarea.ȱBecauseȱtheȱgovernmentȱwasȱconcernedȱ
thatȱIraqȱmightȱuseȱchemicalȱwarfare,ȱitȱwantedȱtoȱuseȱtwoȱexperimentalȱdrugsȱ
thatȱitȱbelievedȱwouldȱprotectȱtheȱsoldiersȱagainstȱchemicalȱattack.ȱTheȱdrugsȱ
theȱunapprovedȱdrugȱcouldȱbeȱusedȱonȱsoldiersȱwithoutȱgivingȱthemȱnoticeȱorȱ
receivingȱtheirȱpermission.ȱTheȱgovernmentȱarguedȱthatȱtheȱcourtȱwasȱunableȱtoȱ
decideȱtheȱissueȱbecauseȱonlyȱtheȱexecutiveȱandȱlegislativeȱbranchesȱhadȱ
authorityȱoverȱtheȱgovernmentȱduringȱtimesȱofȱwar.ȱIsȱtheȱgovernmentȱcorrect?ȱ
[Doeȱv.ȱSullivan,ȱ938ȱF.ȱ2dȱ1370ȱ(D.C.ȱCir.ȱ1991)]ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱGaffordȱwasȱaȱmeetingȱplannerȱatȱGeneralȱElectricȱinȱJeffersonȱCounty,ȱ
Kentucky.ȱAfterȱbeingȱpassedȱoverȱforȱseveralȱpromotions,ȱsheȱsuedȱGEȱforȱ
discriminationȱinȱKentuckyȱstateȱcourt.ȱHadȱsheȱbeenȱsuccessfulȱinȱherȱsuit,ȱsheȱ
theȱproperȱjurisdictionȱbecauseȱtheȱmatterȱatȱissueȱwasȱmoreȱthanȱ$50,000ȱ(theȱ
minimumȱneededȱatȱtheȱtimeȱforȱtheȱfederalȱcourtȱtoȱhaveȱjurisdictionȱoverȱaȱ
diversityȱofȱcitizenshipȱcase).ȱWillȱGEȱgetȱtoȱmoveȱtheȱcaseȱtoȱfederalȱcourt?ȱ
[Gaffordȱv.ȱGeneralȱElectric,ȱ997ȱF.ȱ2dȱ150ȱ(6thȱCir.ȱ1993)]ȱ
Chapter 3 Court Systems 1-49
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—2ȱRETEACHȱ
Directions:ȱGiveȱeachȱstudentȱthreeȱslipsȱofȱpaperȱwithȱfederalȱdistrictȱcourtȱ(FDC),ȱ
federalȱcourtȱofȱappealsȱ(FCA),ȱandȱU.S.ȱSupremeȱCourtȱ(USSC)ȱwrittenȱonȱthem.ȱAȱ
differentȱcolorȱofȱpaperȱmightȱbeȱusedȱforȱtheȱdifferentȱtypesȱofȱcourts.ȱAskȱtheȱ
studentsȱtoȱholdȱupȱtheȱcorrectȱpaperȱasȱeachȱquestionȱisȱread.ȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱAnswers
ȱȱ
ȱ1.ȱWhichȱcourtȱisȱtheȱlowestȱlevelȱinȱtheȱfederalȱcourtȱsystemȱwithȱ
generalȱjurisdiction?ȱ
ȱȱȱFDCȱ
system?ȱ
ȱ8.ȱWhichȱcourtȱhasȱbothȱoriginalȱandȱappellateȱjurisdiction?ȱȱȱUSSCȱ
ȱ9.ȱWhichȱtypeȱofȱcourtȱdoesȱnotȱacceptȱnewȱevidenceȱorȱcallȱ
witnesses?ȱ
ȱȱȱFCAȱ
.ȱ
1-50 Chapter 3 Court Systems
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—2ȱENRICHMENTȱ
ThisȱlessonȱdetailedȱtheȱroleȱofȱtheȱUnitedȱStatesȱSupremeȱCourtȱandȱindicatedȱthatȱ
theȱCourt’sȱmostȱimportantȱfunctionȱisȱtheȱexerciseȱofȱitsȱappellateȱjurisdiction.ȱTheȱ
SupremeȱCourtȱwillȱissueȱaȱwritȱofȱcertiorariȱtoȱtheȱlastȱcourtȱthatȱheardȱaȱcaseȱwhenȱ
itȱbelievesȱthatȱaȱspecificȱcaseȱcontainsȱaȱconstitutionalȱissueȱimportantȱenoughȱtoȱbeȱ
decidedȱbyȱtheȱSupremeȱCourt.ȱResearchȱaȱcaseȱwhereȱtheȱSupremeȱCourtȱissuedȱaȱ
writȱofȱcertiorariȱandȱanswerȱtheȱquestionsȱbelow.ȱ
ȱ
1.ȱWhatȱwasȱtheȱconstitutionalȱissueȱsurroundingȱtheȱcase?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
2.ȱWhatȱwasȱtheȱoutcomeȱofȱtheȱSupremeȱCourt’sȱdecision?ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
3.ȱWereȱanyȱofȱtheȱJusticesȱinȱdissentȱoverȱtheȱmajorityȱopinion?ȱIfȱso,ȱwhatȱwasȱ
theirȱargument?ȱ
STUDENT ________________________________ CLASS __________________________ DATE _________________
ȱLESSONȱ3—3ȱQUIZȱ
LegalȱConceptsȱ
Directions:ȱFillȱinȱtheȱblank(s)ȱwithȱtheȱmostȱappropriateȱtermȱorȱphraseȱtoȱcompleteȱ
theȱsentence.ȱ
ȱȱ ȱȱȱ Answersȱ
ȱȱȱ
1.ȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcourtsȱareȱlowerȱcourtsȱthatȱhearȱȱ ȱȱ
minorȱcriminalȱcasesȱandȱlawsuitsȱthatȱinvolveȱlessȱthanȱ
$25,000.ȱ
ȱȱ1.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ2.ȱJuvenileȱcourtsȱemphasizeȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱratherȱȱ ȱȱ
thanȱpunishment.ȱ
ȱȱ2.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ3.ȱAssociateȱcircuitȱcourtsȱareȱalsoȱcalledȱȱ ȱȱ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcourts.ȱ
ȱȱ3.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ4.ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcourtsȱhandleȱcasesȱinvolvingȱ$2,500ȱorȱless.ȱȱȱ4.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ5.ȱA(n)ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱkeepsȱanȱexactȱaccountȱofȱwhatȱgoesȱonȱ
atȱtrialȱincludingȱaȱtranscriptȱofȱtheȱtrial,ȱevidenceȱ
submitted,ȱstatements,ȱandȱjudgments.ȱ
ȱȱ5.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ6.ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcourtsȱhearȱcasesȱinvolvingȱyoungȱȱ ȱȱ
peopleȱbetweenȱtheȱagesȱofȱ13ȱandȱ18.ȱ
ȱȱ6.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ7.ȱA(n)ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱisȱaȱjudgeȱwhoȱsitsȱonȱaȱstateȱȱȱȱ
supremeȱcourt.ȱ
ȱȱ7.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ8.ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcourtsȱadministerȱwillsȱandȱestates.ȱȱȱ8.ȱ__________________ȱ
ȱȱ9.ȱCitiesȱhaveȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱcourtsȱthatȱadministerȱȱȱȱ
theirȱordinances.ȱ
ȱȱ9.ȱ__________________ȱ
10.ȱA(n)ȱȱȱȱ?ȱȱȱȱȱisȱanȱoffenseȱagainstȱsociety.ȱ10.ȱ__________________ȱ
11. Rickȱagreedȱtoȱworkȱasȱanȱassistantȱatȱaȱcommunityȱfairgroundȱoffice.ȱHeȱwasȱ
supposedȱtoȱworkȱforȱfiveȱhoursȱeachȱafternoonȱduringȱtheȱsummerȱandȱhisȱ
wagesȱwereȱtoȱbeȱ$3,000.ȱHeȱwasȱpaidȱonlyȱ$1,800.ȱTheȱcommunityȱclaimsȱlackȱ
ofȱfundingȱandȱthatȱtheyȱthereforeȱcannotȱpayȱtheȱremainingȱ$1,200.ȱWhichȱcourtȱ
shouldȱhearȱRick’sȱcase?ȱShouldȱheȱplanȱtoȱhaveȱanȱattorneyȱrepresentȱhim?ȱ
