Quiz Questions: Chapter Seven
1. Discrimination in employment involves three basic elements: it must be a decision not
based on individual merit, the decision must derive from racial or sexual prejudice, and
the decision must have a harmful impact on the interest of employees.
a. True
2. Discriminatory acts themselves can be categorized according to the extent to which they
are intentional and institutionalized. An act may be part of the isolated behavior of a
single individual who intentionally discriminates based on personal prejudice; be part of
the routine, institutionalized behavior of a group; and which intentionally discriminates
out of personal prejudice.
a. True
3. An indication of discrimination exists when a disproportionate number of a certain
group’s members hold less desirable positions despite their preferences and abilities.
a. True
4. Types of comparisons to provide evidence of discrimination are:
a. Comparisons of average benefits given to various groups
b. Comparisons of the proportion of a group found in the lowest levels of the
institution
c. Comparisons of the proportion of a group found in the most advantageous
positions in the institution
d. All the above
5. Arguments against discrimination are:
a. Utilitarian, rights, and justice arguments
b. Rights, entitlements, and fairness arguments
c. Justice and Kantian arguments
d. Civil and criminal
6. “It might be true that society as a whole would benefit by having some group
discriminated against” is a/an _____ argument for discrimination.
a. Kantian
b. Utilitarian
c. Capitalist
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7. Kant would argue that humans should be treated as ends in themselves and never as a
means to an end. Therefore, discrimination is wrong because it violates people’s rights
to be treated as equals.
a. True
8. Rawls would argue that it is unjust to give some people more opportunity than others.
a. True
9. Widely recognized categories of discriminatory practices include:
a. Recruitment practices that rely on the word-of-mouth referrals of present
employees will tend to recruit only from the groups already represented.
b. Screening practices that include qualifications not relevant to a job.
c. Promotion practices that place groups on separate tracks or that rely solely on
seniority when past discrimination has kept women or minorities out of senior
positions.
d. All the above
10. Affirmative action programs call for positive steps designed to eliminate the effects of
past discrimination. Such programs are now legally required of all firms holding
government contracts.
a. True
11. Since the jobs women have historically taken pay low wages and salaries, proponents of
____________programs attempt not to place women into higher paying jobs, but to
increase the salaries of those jobs where women currently are employed.
a. Competitive Value
b. Competitive Position
c. Comparable Worth
12. Misiolek made only sex-based insults, not both sex and race-based insults.
a. True
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© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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13. Argument (s) against affirmative action plans is that criteria besides sex and race must
be weighed when making job decision because. Which of the following are used?
a. Unqualified workers will be hired and productivity will go down.
b. Jobs that have a significant impact on the life or health or the entire success of
the company.
c. It will turn us into a more racially and sexually conscious nation.
d. a. and c.
14. In a class action law suit, Wal-Mart was charged by seven women that women were
paid 5-15% less than men in holding similar positions.
a. True
15. The needs of minorities are not different from those of women.
c. True