Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
condition in an engine as well as proper lubrication can extend the life of the engine and
help reduce maintenance costs.
9.7.3 Monitoring, Lubrication, and Other Maintenance Items
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 37
Sample Instructor Script:
Because process technicians spend hours monitoring equipment, abnormal engine
sounds should be easy to detect. During operation, abnormal sounds are often the first
indication of problems. Process technicians should also check operating temperatures,
pressures, and flows (for example, coolant, exhaust manifold, oil, and bearings) for
abnormalities and check for vibration.
9.8 Typical Procedures
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 38
Sample Instructor Script:
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
9.8.1 Start–up Procedures for Motors
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 39
Sample Instructor Script:
9.8.2 Shutdown and Emergency Procedures for Motors
Time: 0.5 minute
Resources: Slide 40
9.8.3 Lockout/Tagout Procedures for Motors
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 41
Sample Instructor Script:
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Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
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9.8.4 Start–up Procedures for Engines
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 42
9.8.5 Engine in Service and Normal Operations
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 43
Sample Instructor Script:
9.8.6 Shutdown Procedures for Engines
Time: 0.5 minute
Resources: Slide 44
9.8.7 Lockout/Tagout and Emergency Procedures for Engines
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Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
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Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 45
Sample Instructor Script:
During lock–out/tagout, process technicians should isolate the starting motive force (for
example, a battery or compressed air), external cooling sources (for example,
Summary and Wrap–Up
Time: 4 minutes
Resources: Slide 46
Sample Instructor Script:
Let’s summarize today’s lesson and consider what we will be doing in the next class.
(Note to Instructor: To wrap up the lesson, complete the following activities.)
Suggested Student Activities
(Note to Instructor: Time permitting, do the activities listed below or possibly assign
them as homework. Be sure to remind students what to read for the next class.)
MOTORS
1. Describe the basic principles of electricity, including the difference between AC and
DC current, and identify which type is most commonly used in the process industry.
a) Frame
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4. Brainstorm a list of possible problems associated with motors. Be prepared to discuss
these problems as a class.
ENGINES
1. In small groups, discuss typical procedures associated with engines. Develop an
engine procedure using the following as procedure sections. Share as a class when and
why these procedures are performed, the possible hazards, and precautions associated
with performing them.
2. Using a cutaway or drawing of an engine, work with a classmate to identify additional
safety precautions that process technicians may be required to take for routine and
preventive maintenance.
3. Prepare a two-page report that explains the types of equipment-related operational
hazards associated with engines and auxiliary systems during normal and abnormal
operations.
End of Chapter Review Questions
(Note to Instructor: If you have time, you can use these questions to test your
students’ knowledge of the content presented in this chapter.)
1. What is a machine that converts chemical (fuel) energy into mechanical force?
A. Motor
B. Torque
C. Engine
D. Drivers
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
2. What type of motor is the most common type of motor used in the process
industries, primarily because of the simplicity of its construction?
A. AC
B. DC
C. Single or fixed speed
D. Variable speed
3. What type of motor runs at a single rotator speed?
A. AC
B. DC
C. Single or fixed speed
D. Variable speed
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4. What type of motor turns slightly slower than the supplied frequency and can
vary in speed based on the amount of load?
A. DC motor
B. Universal motor
C. Induction motor
D. Synchronous motor
5. Why are electric motors often preferred?
A. Reliability
B. Ease of repair
C. Low maintenance cost
D. All of the above
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6. Which of the following is a benefit of gas turbines?
A. They are smaller and more compact than electric motors.
B. They can be used as a backup electrical generating source.
C. They require a boiler and all its auxiliaries to produce steam.
D. It is harder to vary the speed and energy output.
7. Which of the following cannot be used in confined spaces because of the risk
of asphyxiation?
A. Electric motors
B. Diesel engines
C. Pneumatic drivers
D. Internal combustion engines
8. What is a metal rotating component that holds the rotor and all rotating
equipment in place?
A. Shaft
B. Frame
C. Shroud
D. Stator
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
9. What is a casing that covers the motor and allows air to flow into and around
the motor?
A. Shaft
B. Frame
C. Shroud
D. Stator
10. What component of an internal combustion engine is a cavity or chamber that
collects exhaust gases from the exhaust valves and directs them to the
exhaust system?
A. Intake port
B. Intake valves
C. Exhaust port
D. Crankshaft
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
11. What component of an internal combustion engine is located at the top of
each cylinder and opens to allow fuel gases to enter the cylinder?
A. Intake port
B. Intake valves
C. Exhaust port
D. Crankshaft
12. What part of the motor is where the alternating current supplied to the motor
flows, creating a magnetic field using magnets and coiled wire?
A. Rotor
B. Stator
C. Piston
D. Rotating conductor
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13. What type of load occurs when the motor is using the full amount of torque for
which it is rated?
A. No load
B. Half load
C. Partial load
D. Full load
14. What type of electric motors are most used in homes?
A. Single-phase electricity
B. Two-cycle engines
C. Three-phase electricity
D. Four-cycle engines
15. Which of the following can be caused by a rotor being out of balance?
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
A. High vibration
B. High temperatures
C. Motor not starting
D. Equipment failure
16. Which of the following can be caused by an overload condition?
A. High vibration
B. High temperatures
C. Motor not starting
D. Equipment failure
17. Which of the following can be caused by a blown fuse?
A. High vibration
B. High temperatures
C. Motor not starting
D. Equipment failure
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 9 Motors and Engines
18. What is the most common personal protective equipment (PPE) used during
motor and engine operations?
A. Gloves
B. Flash suits
C. Ear plugs
D. Safety glasses
19. What are the benefits of motor control centers?
A. They protect against short circuits and other electrical faults.
B. They provide electrical isolation for motors for personnel protection during
maintenance.
C. They provide interlocks that prevent the motor from running in configurations that
would damage it.
D. All of the above