Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
Page 1
CHAPTER 19 Environmental Control Equipment
Table of Contents
Contents
Page
Chapter Overview
2
Class Preparation Checklist
2
Chapter Objectives
2
Agenda
3
Lesson Plan
4
19.1 Environmental Control Equipment
19.2 Environmental Rules and Regulations
5
13
19.3 Potential Problems
19.4 Process Technician’s Role in Operation,
Maintenance, and Compliance
14
14
Summary and Wrap-Up
15
Suggested Student Activities
15
End of Chapter Review Questions
16
Clicker Questions
Appendix
21
25
Process Technology Equipment
Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
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CHAPTER 19 Environmental Control Equipment
Chapter Overview
The ever-increasing need to protect Earth’s natural resources, the advent of emerging
technologies, and the enactment of stricter environmental regulations have spurred the
process industries to maximize the use of environmental controls in processes and
operating equipment.
Laws are in place at the federal, state, and local levels to ensure that the environment is
protected at all times. Industrial companies nationwide have stepped forward to
enhance operations of their facilities to meet or exceed those standards.
Class Preparation Checklist
1.
Familiarize yourself with the chapter content.
2.
Bring cutaways or other hands-on teaching aids if available.
3.
Copy and distribute any fill-in-the-blank handouts for today’s content.
4.
Safety Minute prepared or assigned.
5.
Review the PowerPoint slides associated with this chapter (if used) and
make sure that your computer is correctly set up to navigate the slide deck
smoothly.
6.
Request the appropriate A/V equipment (if needed) and make sure that
your computer is correctly synched with the projector to avoid any delays in
the classroom.
Chapter Objectives
19.1 Identify the purpose, common types, components, and applications of
environmental control equipment (NAPTA Intro to Tools and Equipment and
NAPTA Flares).
19.2 Identify rules and regulations associated with environmental control
equipment.
19.3 Identify potential safety and health problems associated with environmental
control equipment.
19.4 Describe the process technician’s role in environmental control equipment
operation, maintenance, and compliance (NAPTA Intro to Tools and Equipment).
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Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
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Class Agenda
Activity
Minutes
PPTs
1. Welcome to Class
1
1
2. Introduction and Agenda
1
2
3. Safety Minute
3
3
4. Objectives
1
4
5. Terms
2
5
6. Environmental Control Equipment
2
6
7. Types of Environmental Control Equipment
1
7
8. Air Pollution Control
2
8
9. Baghouses and Precipitators
1
9
10. Baghouses and Precipitators (cont.)
1
10
11. Coal Gasification
1
11
12. Vapor and Gas Emission Controls
1
12
13. Flare Systems
2
13
14. Gas Treatment
2
14
15. Scrubbers
1
15
16. Incinerators (Thermal Oxidizers)
2
16
17. Water and Soil Pollution Control
4
17
18. Primary Wastewater Treatment Control
1
18
19. Separators and Interceptors
1
19
20. Separators and Interceptors (cont.)
1
20
21. Secondary Wastewater Treatment Process
2
21
22. Dikes
1
22
23. Settling Ponds
1
23
24. Landfills
3
24
25. Environmental Rules and Regulations
1
25
26. Federal Regulations
2
26
27. Potential Problems
2
27
28. Process Technician’s Role in Operation,
Maintenance, and Compliance
3
28
29. Summary and Wrap-Up
4
29
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Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
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Chapter 19 Lesson Plan
Welcome Everyone to Class
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 1
Introduction and Agenda
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 2
equipment.
Safety Minute
Time: 3 minutes
Resources: Slide 3
(Note to Instructor: Follow this procedure for the Safety Minute.)
Objectives
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 4
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Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
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Process technicians must also be able to identify potential problems associated with
environmental control equipment. Additionally, process technicians must understand
their role in operation, maintenance, and compliance.
Terms
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 5
Sample Instructor Script:
19.1 Environmental Control Equipment
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 6
Sample Instructor Script:
The ever-increasing need to protect Earth’s natural resources, the advent of emerging
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Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
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19.1.1 Types of Environmental Control Equipment
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 7
Sample Instructor Script:
19.1.2 Air Pollution Control
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 8
Sample Instructor Script:
Many industrial processes and equipment components vent to the atmosphere and
require the combustion of fossil fuels to operate. As hydrocarbon–based fossil fuels are
19.1.3 Baghouses and Precipitators
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 9
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Baghouses consist of fabric or bag filter tubes, envelopes, or cartridges designed to
capture, separate, or filter particulates as the effluent gas stream passes through them.
19.1.4 Baghouses and Precipitators (cont.)
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 10
19.1.5 Coal Gasification
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 11
Sample Instructor Script:
Another environmental control technology being implemented today is coal gasification.
19.1.6 Vapor and Gas Emission Controls
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 12
Sample Instructor Script:
19.1.7 Flare Systems
Time: 2 minutes
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Resources: Slide 13
Sample Instructor Script:
Flare systems safely burn excess process gases that cannot be recovered before they
are released into the atmosphere. Flare systems are most often used in emergency
19.1.8 Gas Treatment
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 14
Sample Instructor Script:
Catalytic treatment is a process that uses a catalyst to remove SO2 (sulfur dioxide),
19.1.9 Scrubbers
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 15
Sample Instructor Script:
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Chapter 19 Environmental Control Equipment
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19.1.10 Incinerators (Thermal Oxidizers)
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 16
Sample Instructor Script:
Incinerators use high temperatures to destroy solid, liquid, or gaseous wastes. In the
process industries, these wastes are typically hydrocarbon–based gases and volatile
19.1.11 Water and Soil Pollution Control
Time: 4 minutes
Resources: Slide 17
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19.1.12 Primary Wastewater Treatment Control
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 18
19.1.13 Separators and Interceptors
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 19
Sample Instructor Script:
To recover and recycle oil from process wastewater or storm water streams, facilities
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the separator, the oil rises to the top, and the wastewater becomes the middle layer
between the oil and the solids.
19.1.14 Separators and Interceptors (cont.)
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 20
Sample Instructor Script:
Parallel plate interceptors (PPIs) use a parallel plate assembly and also rely on the
19.1.15 Secondary Wastewater Treatment Process
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 21
Sample Instructor Script:
After undergoing primary treatment, wastewater is mixed with bacteria as it enters the
secondary treatment step, where it is aerated, and bacteria interact with the wastewater.
waterway.
19.1.16 Dikes
Time: 1 minute
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Resources: Slide 22
Sample Instructor Script:
Dikes are another environmental control measure. Dikes are containment devices
19.1.17 Settling Ponds
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 23
Sample Instructor Script:
Wastewater is also treated in settling ponds or basins before being returned to a natural
19.1.18 Landfills
Time: 3 minutes
Resources: Slide 24
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Because the contents of landfills pose potential environmental risks, their construction is
complex. Landfills must first be lined with a layer of impermeable material. A layer of
absorbent clay is placed on top of this liner, and then another impermeable layer is
placed on top before the waste can be placed in the facility. In addition to the liners,
19.2 Environmental Rules and Regulations
Time: 1 minute
Resources: Slide 25
Sample Instructor Script:
Process technicians must be familiar with the rules and regulations associated with the
environmental control equipment in their process area. Environmental rules and
regulations vary depending on the facility, the process, and federal and state
requirements.
19.2.1 Federal Regulations
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 26
Sample Instructor Script:
The Clean Air Act required the Environmental Protection Agency to establish the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), for pollutants found in the outdoor air
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19.3 Potential Problems
Time: 2 minutes
Resources: Slide 27
Sample Instructor Script:
Potential problems associated with environmental control equipment are based on
several different issues. For example, a wastewater treatment facility is overburdened
when rains are torrential, and sewers become overloaded.
19.4 Process Technician’s Role in Operation, Maintenance, and Compliance
Time: 3 minutes
Resources: Slide 28
Sample Instructor Script:
Due to the strict regulations and laws that govern the process industries, the process
technician’s role is critical to the success of a company’s waste management and
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Summary and Wrap–Up
Time: 4 minutes
Resources: Slide 29
Suggested Student Activities
(Note to Instructor: Time permitting, do the activities listed below or possibly assign
them as homework. Be sure to remind students what to read for the next class.)
1. Research one of the following acts and write a one-page report on it:
a. Clean Water Act
b. Clean Air Act