9-8$
P9–3)Continued$
$
$
$
P9-4)(a)$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
P9–4)(a))Continued$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
$
$$$$$$$$$$$ $
P9–4)(b)$
When$
$$$
$
P9–4)(c)$
$
CH3CHO$
9-10$
P9–5)(a)$
$
P9–5)(b)$
$
$
$
P9–5)(b))Continued$
$
add$rCOCl$to$rCl$
$
$
$
P9–5)(c))$
The$proposed$mechanism$for$this$reaction$is:$
$
Through$this$mechanism,$it$may$be$deduced$that$the$net$rate$of$formation$of$HBr$(product)$is$given$by:$
$
where$the$concentrations$of$the$intermediates$may$be$determined$by$invoking$the$steady$state$
approximation,$i.e.:$
$
9-12$
P9–5)(c))Continued$
and:$
$
$
i.e.:$
$
Thus,$the$net$rate$of$formation$of$HBr$may$be$written$solely$in$terms$of$reactants,$i.e.,:$
9-13$
P9–5)(c))Continued$
$
which$simplifies$to:$
$
$
)
9-14$
P9-6)(a))$
$
$
$
$
$
9-15$
P9–6)(a))Continued$
$
$
P9-6)(b))$
Low$temperatures$with$anti–oxidant$$
$
9-16$
P9–6)(b))Continued$
$
$
$
P9–6(c))$
If$the$radicals$are$formed$at$a$constant$rate,$then$the$differential$equation$for$the$concentration$of$the$
radicals$becomes:$
9-17$
P9-6)(d)$
$Without$antioxidants$$With$antioxidants$$
$
P9–6)(e))Individualized$solution$
$
)
P9–7)(a)$
$
9-18$
P9–7)(b)$
$
$
P9–7)(c)$
$
P9–7)(d)$
See$Polymath$program$P9-7-d.pol.$
9-19$
P9–7)(d))Continued$
)$
Everyone$becomes$ill$rather$quickly,$and$the$rate$at$which$an$ill$person$recovers$to$a$healthy$person$is$
$
P9–7)(e))Individualized$solution$
)
P9–8)(a)$
$
$
$
By$applying$PSSH$for$the$complex$[E.S],$we$have$
$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
9-20$
P9–8)(a))Continued$
Since$E$is$not$consumed,$we$have$
$where$ $is$a$constant$
$
$where$$
$
$
$
P9–8)(b))$
$ $ $
$ $ $
$
$
9-21$
P9–8)(c)$
$
$
$
$
9-22$
P9–8)(d)$
$
$
$
$
P9–8)(e)$No$solution$will$be$given$
$
)
9-23$
P9–9)(a)$
The$enzyme$catalyzed$reaction$of$the$decomposition$of$hydrogen$peroxide.$For$a$batch$reactor:$
$
9-24$
P9–9)(a))continued$
$
$
$
P9–9)(b)$
$
9-25$
P9–9)(c)$Individualized$solution$
P9–9)(d)$Individualized$solution$
)
P9–10)(a)$
$
$
$
9-26$
P9–10)(b)$
$
$
9-27$
P9–10)(b))continued$
$
$
$
P9–10)(c)$
$
$
P9–10)(d))Individualized$solution$
P9–10)(e)$Individualized$solution$
$
)
P9–11)(a)$
$