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4-1
Solutions Manual
for
Fundamentals of Thermal Fluid Sciences
5th Edition
Yunus A. Çengel, John M. Cimbala, Robert H. Turner
McGraw-Hill, 2017
Chapter 4
PROPERTIES OF PURE SUBSTANCES
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
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4-2
Pure Substances, Phase Change Processes, Property Diagrams
4-7C Yes.
Property Tables
4-10C The molar mass of gasoline (C8H18) is 114 kg/kmol, which is much larger than the molar mass of air that is 29
4-3
4-11C Yes. Otherwise we can create energy by alternately vaporizing and condensing a substance.
of the selected reference state.
TfPT @,
you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
s [kJ/kg-K]
T [C]
8600 kPa
2600 kPa
500 kPa
45 kPa
Steam
10
-4
10
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
v [m3/kg]
T [C]
8600 kPa
2600 kPa
500 kPa
45 kPa
Steam
4-7
10
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
v [m3/kg]
P [kPa]
250 C
170 C
110 C
75 C
Steam
0500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
h [kJ/kg]
P [kPa]
250 C
170 C
110 C
75 C
Steam
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
s [kJ/kg-K]
h [kJ/kg]
8600 kPa
2600 kPa
500 kPa
45 kPa
Steam
4-8
4-23 Complete the following table for H2 O:
T, °C
P, kPa
v
, m3 / kg
Phase description
140
361.53
0.05
Saturated mixture
155.46
550
0.001097
Saturated liquid
125
750
0.001065
Compressed liquid
500
2500
0.140
Superheated vapor
4-24E Complete the following table for H2 O:
T,
°
F P, psia u, Btu / lbm Phase description
4-10
Solution for R22
T, ºF P, psia x u, Btu/lbm
Solution for ammonia
T, ºF P, psia x u, Btu/lbm
4-12
4-29 A piston-cylinder device contains R-134a at a specified state. Heat is transferred to R-134a. The final pressure, the
volume change of the cylinder, and the enthalpy change are to be determined.
21
4-30E The temperature of R-134a at a specified state is to be determined.
/lbmft 0.6243
3
=
v
4-31 A rigid container that is filled with R-134a is heated. The final temperature and initial pressure are to be determined.
Analysis This is a constant volume process. The specific volume is
/kgm 1348.0
kg 10
m 348.1
3
3
21
==== m
V
vv
The initial state is determined to be a mixture, and thus the pressure is the
C40- @sat 1 kPa 51.25== °
The final state is superheated vapor and the temperature is determined by
interpolation to be
13)-A (Table
/kgm 1348.0
kPa 200
2
3
2
2
C66.3°=
=
=T
P
v
R-134a
-40°C
10 kg
1.348 m
3
v
2
1
4-14
4-36E A spring-loaded piston-cylinder device is filled with R-134a. The water now undergoes a process until its volume
increases by 50%. The final temperature and the enthalpy are to be determined.
Analysis From Table A-11E, the initial specific volume is
/lbmft 5452.3)01143.04286.4)(80.0(01143.0
3
11
=−+=+=
fgf
x
vvv
and the initial volume will be
33
11 ft 0.4609/lbm)ft 2lbm)(3.545 13.0( ===
With a 50% increase in the volume, the final volume will be
33
12 ft 0.6913)ft 4609.0(5.14.1 ===
The distance that the piston moves between the initial and final conditions is
4/ft) 1(
ft)4609.06813.0(
4/
2
3
2
12
−
−
∆
ππ
D
A
p
VV
V
As a result of the compression of the spring, the pressure difference between the initial and final states is
in) 122934.0(lbf/in) 37(4
2
×
∆
∆
∆
xk
xk
F
F30- @sat 1 == °
The final pressure is then
and the final specific volume is
lbm 13.0
ft 0.6813 3
3
2
2=== m
V
At this final state, the temperature and enthalpy are
/lbmft 318.5
psia 02.11
2
2
3
2
2
Btu/lbm 124.7
F104.7
=
°=
=
=
h
TP
v
Note that it is very difficult to get the temperature and enthalpy readings from Table A-13E accurately.
P
v
1
4-15
4-37E A piston-cylinder device that is filled with water is cooled. The final pressure and volume of the water are to be
determined.
Analysis The initial specific volume is
/lbmft 4264.2
lbm 1
ft 4264.2
3
3
1
1
=== m
V
v
This is a constant-pressure process. The initial state is determined to be superheated
vapor and thus the pressure is determined to be
H
2
O
600°F
1 lbm
4-17
4-42 A piston-cylinder device that is filled with R-134a is cooled at constant pressure. The final temperature and the change
of total internal energy are to be determined.
Analysis The initial specific volume is
/kgm 12322.0
kg 100
m 322.12
3
3
1
=== m
V
v
The initial state is superheated and the internal energy at this state is
R-134a
200 kPa
4-18
4-43 A piston-cylinder device fitted with stops contains water at a specified state. Now the water is cooled until a final
pressure. The process is to be indicated on the T-
v
diagram and the change in internal energy is to be determined.
6)-A (TablekJ/kg 8.2808
C300
kPa 200
1
1
1
=
°=
=u
T
P
4-19
4-45 The boiling temperature of water in a 5-cm deep pan is given. The boiling temperature in a 40-cm deep pan is to be
determined.
kPa sat@97.82boiling
4-46 A cooking pan is filled with water and covered with a 4-kg lid. The boiling temperature of water is to be determined.
Analysis The pressure in the pan is determined from a force balance on the lid,
C100.2
kPa 102.25@sat
°== TT
(Table A-5)
4-20
4-47 Prob. 4-46 is reconsidered. Using a software, the effect of the mass of the lid on the boiling temperature of water
in the pan is to be investigated. The mass is to vary from 1 kg to 10 kg, and the boiling temperature is to be plotted against
the mass of the lid.
Analysis The problem is solved using EES, and the solution is given below.
"Given data"
