Chapter 37: Animal Nutrition
MATCHING
Match the following terms with the correct definition:
a.
ration
m.
calorie
b.
body condition
n.
concentration
c.
digestion
o.
nutrition
d.
dehydration
p.
fiber
e.
dry matter
q.
feed
f.
forage
r.
free choice
g.
lipid
s.
palatability
h.
nutrient
t.
scheduled feeding
i.
supplement
u.
starch
j.
water
v.
reduced calorie diet
k.
ruminant
w.
trimester
l.
protein
x.
monogastric
1. nutrient that makes up more than 75% of an animal’s body
2. process by which animals require food in order to grow, live, reproduce, and work
3. plant or grain materials that provide fiber and bulk in an animal’s diet
4. the loss of water and fluids within the body
5. any single class of food or group of like foods that aids in the support of life
6. the total amount of food an animal needs within a 24 hour time
7. material from plant cells that is left after other nutrients are digested
8. another term for fat
9. the unit of measurement that defines the energy in food
10. nutrients that are essential for growth and tissue repair
11. additives placed into the diet in solid or liquid form when needed by the animal
12. determined by the amount of food fed divided by the percentage of dry matter
13. how well food tastes and is eaten by an animal
14. the amount of nutrients without the water
15. the break down of food from large molecules to smaller molecules for use by the body’s
functions
16. simple and single stomach digestive system
17. the first part of pregnancy when nutrition is critical
18. stomach with multiple sections or compartments
19. food fed to overweight or less active animals due to a health complication
20. what animals eat in order to obtain nutrients and nutrition
21. rating of how an animal appears based on an ideal weight
22. another term for roughage or hay and grass
Match the following terms with the correct definition.
a.
nutrient for growth and tissue repair
b.
simplest carbohydrate
c.
plant material left after digestion of food
d.
loss of water in the body
e.
science of how food is used in the body by tissues
f.
highest amount of energy in cells
g.
unit of measurement of the energy of food
h.
how well a food tastes and is eaten
i.
an amount of food
j.
breaking down cells into smaller particles
k.
plant or grain material that provide fiber in the body and convert to glucose
l.
single food or group that helps to support life and to allow growth
m.
most important nutrient that makes up 75% of the body
23. starch
24. protein
25. palatability
26. sugar
27. water
28. nutrition
29. dehydration
30. nutrient
31. fat
32. calorie
COMPLETION
1. The popular method of feeding livestock is _________________________, which means food
is readily available at all times.
2. The _____________________ of an animal is based on the weight it should be, its age, its
health status, and its breed.
3. A ________________ pasture is rotated and reseeded every year.
4. The _______________ digestive system is part of a bird’s anatomy.
5. The nonruminant digestive system has an enlarged ____________ located between the small
and large intestine.
6. A or an ________________ animal eats both plant and meat food sources.
7. The digestive enzyme ________________ breaks down food during digestion.
8. Bile is stored in the _______________________ of monogastric animals.
9. Vitamins are _______________ or _________________ soluble.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the definition of a kilocalorie?
a.
unit of measurement that takes 1 gm of water to raise one degree
b.
unit of measurement that defines the energy of food
c.
unit of measurement of metabolism
d.
unit of measurement required to burn particles of food
2. Which of the following is a building block of protein that forms in chains?
a.
fatty acids
c.
amino acids
b.
lipids
d.
enzymes
3. Which of the following is an example of a mineral?
a.
B12
c.
D
b.
sunlight
d.
iron
4. Which of the following organs produces bile?
a.
liver
c.
gallbladder
b.
kidney
d.
pancreas
5. Which of the following digestive systems has a well developed cecum to help break down
food?
a.
ruminant
c.
avian
b.
nonruminant
d.
monograstric
6. Which of the following diets is used for an animal that is showing or hunting?
a.
maintenance diet
c.
growth diet
b.
reproduction diet
d.
work diet
TRUE/FALSE
1. Animals should be fed for their actual weight.
2. The most common type of feeding is free choice.
3. Fats and lipids are the same nutrient.
4. A ration is divided into a 24 hours time frame.
SHORT ANSWER
1. What is the percentage of dehydration that will cause an animal to die?
2. Which nutrient supplies the largest part of an animal’s diet?
3. What supplements can be given for healthy hair and skin hydration?
4. What type of vitamins boost the body’s immune system?
5. What is the part of the food called when water is removed?
6. List 5 types of diets that may be fed to animals.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.