ﺣﻜﻢ $ﻷﺗﺮ$• $ﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧOﻮ7 $ﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ =٥>٤ $ﻟﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ =ï=Öa 9ﻗﺪ Eﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺣﻜﻤfﻢ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ$
ً
ﺗﺠﺎ–Q
ّ
ﺎ
ً
!ﺎﻣ
ّ
ﺎ
ً
9ﻣﺮﻛﺰ$
ً
ÇX$–Q
ّ
ﺎ
ً
ﻓﻲ $ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ.
9ﻗﺪ $ﺣﺘﻞ
ّ
$ﻟﺒﺮQﻄﺎﻧO
ّ
ﻮ7 ﻣﺪQﻨﺔ $ﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ $ﻟﺤﺮw $ﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤO
ّ
ﺔ $ﻷ9ﻟﻰa 9Eﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺟﺰء$
ً
ﻣﻦ X9ﻟﺔ $ﻟﻌﺮ$j $ﻟﺤﺪQﺜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ
=ï;٦a 9ﻗﺪ Eﺿﻌﻒ yﻟﻚ $ﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ $ﻟﺘﺠﺎ–Q
ّ
ﺔ ﻓOfﺎ ﻷ7
ّ
$ﻟﺤﺪ9X $ﻟﺠﺪQﺪg $ﻟﺘﻲ –ﺳﻤfﺎ $ﻟﺒﺮQﻄﺎﻧO
ّ
ﻮ7 ﻓﺼﻠﺘfﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺪ7 ﺗﺮﻛOﺎ
9ﺳﻮ–Qﺎ $ﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎ7 ﺑOﻨfﺎ 9ﺑOﻦ $ﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ ﻋﻼﻗﺎ\ ﺗﺠﺎ–Q
ّ
ﺔ ﻗﻮQ
ّ
ﺔ.
1. The name of the city of ﻧ&ﻨﻮ( is mentioned three times in the passage. Explain why it is
mentioned in each instance.
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What did the Iraqi government do in Musil in 1970s of the 20th century?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What is the current make-up of the population of Musil?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What made Musil an important trade center?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. What happened to Musil in 1258?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. What did the British do that weakened the commercial traffic, activity in Musil?
ﺗfﺠOﺮ removing, forced migration
Eﻣﻼ• possessions
-ﺑﻂ–Qﺮﺑﻂ to connect
ﻧﺎﺣOﺔ side, point of view
Eﺿﻌﻒ–Q
ُ
ﻀﻌ
ِ
ﻒ to weaken
–ﺳﻢ–Qﺮﺳ
ُ
ﻢ to draw
$ﺣﺘﻞ
ّ
–Qﺤﺘ
َ
ﻞ
ّ
to occupy
ﺷﻜ
ّ
ﻞ–Qﺸﻜ
ّ
ﻞ
to form
ﻣﻨﺢ–Qﻤﻨﺢ to grant, give
ﻗﻤ
ّ
ﺔ summit, peak
ﺣ
َ
ﺮﻛﺔ movement
ﻓ
َ
ﺼ
َ
ﻞ
َ
–Qﻔﺼ
ِ
ﻞ to separate