In the “new” inmate culture:
a. there is more importation of outside values and norms.
b. African”American and Latino inmates are more organized than whites.
c. more inmates than ever before are assigned to protective custody.
d. All of the above are characteristic of the new inmate culture.
The first prison treatment programs in the United States were:
a. religious.
b. therapeutic.
c. psychological.
d. education.
Weighing consequences and benefits is the foundation of ___________ theory.
a.social process
b.routine activities
c.social structure
d.rational choice
In the 1960s and 1970s, the US Supreme Court radically altered the juvenile justice
system when it issued a series of decisions that established the right of juveniles to due
process of law.
a. True
b. False
A courtroom work group is made up of a prosecutor and defense attorney and helps to
streamline the process of justice through the extensive use of deal making and plea
bargaining.
a. True
b. False
Courts have ruled that inmates are entitled to have legal materials and resources
available to assist them in filing complaints, which includes:
a. a trained and bar-certified lawyer employed by prison/jail.
b. law students who are willing to donate their time to assist inmates.
c. a law professor from a local school who is paid to assist inmates.
d. an inmate who can assist in legal matters, sometime called a jailhouse lawyer.
The shire reeve is a forerunner of today’s justices of the peace.
a. True
b. False
According to the “broken windows” concept, police need citizen cooperation.
a. True
b. False
Many states have adopted some form of what is known as the ____ Plan to select
judges.
a. Illinois
b. Missouri
c. New York
d. Ohio
At the ________, the judge informs the defendant of the charges against him or her and
appoints counsel if one has not yet been retained.
a. trial
b. arraignment
c. indictment
d. information
Shelby grew up quickly. As a baby, she was quick to walk and talk. As a teenager, she
was quick to date, to drink, and to experiment with drugs. She was found skipping class
and smoking marijuana by the school resource officer. Shelby’s parents have been
divorced since she was 6, when her dad went to prison for grand theft auto. When her
mom is around, which isn”t that often, sometimes her mom gets high with her.
As Shelby’s home life leaves much to be desired, and this is her first offense, what
disposition will likely help Shelby the most?
a. Probation
b. Placement with relatives
c. Drug treatment
d. Reform school
A DNA match indicates a ________ to 1 chance that the suspect is the offender.
a. 1 million
b. 5 million
c. 1 billion
d. 4 billion
What type of bail system allows the defendant to be released with no immediate
requirement of payment but leaves him or her liable for the full bail amount if he or she
fails to appear in court?
a. Surety bail system
b. Deposit bail system
c. ROR system
d. Unsecured bond
UCR data suggests that the average police officer makes less than one felony arrest
every ____ months.
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
Over the years, minority officers seem to be as self-assured as white officers, regardless
of feeling ________rates of job-related stress and strain stemming from general police
stressors.
a. lower
b. higher
c. similar
d. nonexistent
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine
business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their
operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.
At trial, the prosecutor in Mr. Jones’s case receives an e-mail that provides an index of
previous cases of prosecuting meth dealers where the evidence was obtained in
non-traditional ways. What can the prosecutor do with this information?
a. Present these cases as evidence
b. Use it in future cases but not this one
c. Videoconference with other prosecutors who have tried these cases
d. Communicate with the police department to prosecute these other cases
Computerized mathematical models of a suspect’s face constructed from minimal
information is referred to as:
a. digital diagrams.
b. genetic algorithms.
c. augmented reality (AR) technology.
d. Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS).
____ theory would advocate against the use of the sex offender registry for low-level
offenders due to its stigma.
a.Social structure
b.Social learning
c.Social control
d.Social reaction
Most states impose qualifications, such as a high school education, on those called for
jury service.
a. True
b. False
An individual’s race, class, and gender are examples of extralegal factors that may
influence discretion.
a. True
b. False
Court decisions that limit police discretion are an example of a(n) __________ stressor.
a. external
b. organizational
c. duty
d. individual
Private police outnumber public police.
a. True
b. False
Resentencing an offender to probation after a short prison stay is termed:
a. shock probation.
b. intensive probation supervision.
c. split sentencing.
d. RCC.
Which duty involves evaluating the probationer based on information from the initial
intake or presentence investigation?
a. Investigation
b. Intake
c. Diagnosis
d. Treatment supervision
Bob is leaving the medical marijuana dispensary with his 6 ounces, which is legal under
the law. He drops his purchase and drives away, unaware that he no longer has his
marijuana. Sue is walking down the street when she becomes the lucky recipient of 6
ounces of marijuana. When Bob realizes his mistake he goes back to find Sue getting
high on the corner, he calls the police claiming Sue stole his marijuana.
Sue has been released without charges. What is the most likely reason for this?
a. Sue had a prescription and did not have mens rea.
b. Sue had actus reus but did not have a prescription.
c. Sue had a contractual relationship to the police.
d. Sue had a medical marijuana prescription.
Which of the following is not a focus of community policing?
a. Order maintenance
b. Emergency service
c. Crime fighting
d. Problem solving
A fixed term of incarceration is called a(n):
a. indeterminate sentence.
b. determinate sentence.
c. mandatory minimum.
d. fixed term.
Homosexual men are the largest target population for sexual violence and assault in the
male-dominated, single-gendered institutions.
a. True
b. False
“Just Desert” means that the offender should pay back the victim or their family for the
pain that they have caused.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is not a fundamental assumption of the broken windows model?
a. Neighborhood disorder creates fear.
b. Neighborhoods can give out crime-promoting signals.
c. Police require citizen cooperation.
d. Reactive patrol is necessary.
To relieve overcrowding and improve effectiveness, many jails use a modern design
referred to as the ___________.
Compare and contrast two of the perspectives on justice. Which perspective would you
advocate, and why?
____________ is the view that extreme social and economic differences among people
living in the same community exacerbate criminal activity.
Discuss the changes in design and treatment that go along with super
maximum-security prisons. Elaborate on the benefits and drawbacks of such a system.
The ____________________ is the proceeding in which the court decides on the most
appropriate treatment for a delinquent.
In Terry v. Ohio, the Supreme Court rules that police can _______ when they have
reasonable suspicion to believe criminal activity is taking place.
The ____________________ is a computer program that appears benign but actually
contains something harmful.
In _______________, the inmate is released when the unserved portion of the
maximum prison term equals his or her earned good time (minus time served in jail
awaiting trial).
Describe the US Supreme Court and explain how a case becomes heard in this court.
Explain three legal issues in plea bargaining.
Explain three legal excuses and three justifications for crime and provide an example of
each.
Summarize the arguments for and against retaining the juvenile court. Discuss the
potential ramifications of the demise of the juvenile court.
The determination of guilt or innocence is called_______________.
_____________________ has become an essential, but controversial, part of the
administration of justice.
Discuss the factors that contribute to a person’s success or failure on probation.
Almost 9 out of 10 jail inmates are __________________.
Identify and describe the different factors that commonly influence an officer’s use of
discretion.