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Which absolute dating technique is most commonly used on archaeological sites
younger than 50,000 years?
A.radiocarbon
B.thermoluminescence
C.argon-argon
D.calendars
E.fission track
The primary plant crops in China were:
A.rice and wheat
B.millet and rice
C.rice and yams
D.wheat and yams
E.millet and barley
Which of the following would NOT be an example of a feature?
A.a human burial with grave goods
B.a circular arrangement of stones around wood charcoal
C.a pyramid
D.the foundation stones of a hut
E.All of these are features.
The "robust" australopithecines:
A.were twice the size of smaller australopithecines
B.exhibit a number of derived features of the cranium and teeth
C.were not appreciably different in any way from the "gracile" australopithecines
D.had small molar teeth
E.have all come from East African sites
The site of Shanidar included:
A.a trend towards increasing modern features in a Neandertal population
B.the earliest artwork
C.evidence for Neandertal compassion and caring
D.cannibalism
E.clear interaction between Neandertals and modern humans
The total complement of genes shared by the reproductive members of a population is
known as the:
A.gene pool
B.genome
C.genetic sequence
D.karyotype
E.allele frequency
Which of the following is the most basic process of macroevolution?
A.speciation
B.genetic drift
C.gene flow
D.convergent evolution
E.all of the above
What features distinguish bonobos from common chimpanzees?
A.They are more arboreal.
B.They have longer legs and a more linear build.
C.They lack sexual dimorphism.
D.all of the above
E.only A and B
The Partial Replacement Models propose that:
A.modern human populations only emerged in Africa
B.interbreeding occurred between African and non-African populations
C.the emergence of anatomically modern humans represents a speciation event
D.all of the above
E.only A and B
Species that produce relatively large numbers of offspring and invest little parental care
are:
A.K-selected
B.r-selected
C.polygynous
D.territorial
E.reproductively fit
Which of the following aspects of Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution through
natural selection remained unanswered in the 19th century?
A.differential reproductive success
B.how variability within a population was maintained
C.uniformitarianism and deep time
D.the factors associated with competition
E.transmutation
Which of the following is NOT evidence that supports the Bering Land Bridge model
for the peopling of the New World?
A.the age estimates for the earliest humans in North and South America
B.close geographic proximity of northeastern Asia and northwestern North America
C.presence of the Beringia 'land bridge; during the late Pleistocene
D.the documented Pleistocene migration of animals along this route
E.the linguistic and genetic similarities of Asian and Native American populations
The work of Thomas Malthus was of central importance for Darwin and Wallace due to
the fact that he:
A.applied the concept of uniformitarianism to establish the concept of deep time
B.refuted the notion of fixity of species
C.proposed that overpopulation would inevitably lead to competition for resources
D.argued that all life on earth was the result of common ancestry
E.applied the first successful taxonomic model to biological organisms
Matrilines are most commonly found among what group of primates?
A.chimpanzees
B.bonobos
C.vervet monkeys
D.gorillas
E.macaques
Domestication may be evident in what aspect of archaeological herd demography?
A.an abundance of young males
B.the predominance of prime-age females
C.equal distribution of males and females
D.equal distribution of all age/sex classes
E.primarily older males and juvenile females
Which of the following is best defined as a group of organisms both living and dead
sharing a common ancestor?
A.clade
B.population
C.homoplasy
D.analogy
E.phylogeny
Which of the following features has NOT been associated with the end of Teotihuacn?
A.nutritional stress and disease
B.burning in the ritual precinct
C.gradual population decline over several centuries
D.high infant mortality
E.dismemberment of members of the nobility
In general, nonhuman primates:
A.form lasting relationships with members of their group
B.tend not to associate with other individuals except when mating
C.spend little time interacting with infants
D.rarely cooperate with one another
E.are not capable of much learned behavior
Structural similarities shared by a wide array of very distantly related species that are
inherited from a common ancestor, such as the number of bones in the forelimb, are
termed:
A.specialized
B.ancestral (or primitive)
C.adaptive radiations
D.analogies
E.derived
Variability in fossil species is the product of which of the following factors?
A.age-dependent differences
B.individual variation
C.sexual dimorphism
D.all of the above
E.only A and C
The term biocultural evolution refers to:
A.biological changes in a species over time
B.changes in human culture from generation to generation
C.the interaction between biology and culture in human evolution
D.biological evolution in all species except humans
E.all of these
An allele which is expressed in a heterozygote is defined as:
A.recessive
B.codomiminant
C.dominant
D.masking
E.hemizygous
The diet of people during the Upper Paleolithic included the first time what food
resource was systematically exploited?
A.fish
B.reindeer
C.mammoths
D.bison
E.horses
Which of the following statements concerning the impact of bias on scientific research
is incorrect?
A.Bias can be completely eliminated through careful use of research design.
B.Bias can result from the political background of the researcher.
C.Bias can result from dishonest researchers.
D.Bias can result from earlier research.
E.all of these
The interchangeable use of the terms 'ethnicity' and 'race' are a product of:
A.the close biological connection between the two terms
B.the common connection between race and cultural behavior
C.the continued mistaken association of phenotype and culture
D.the biocultural model of evolution
E.the eugenics movement
Maya centers typically served what function?
A.commerce
B.religious ceremonies
C.socio-political centers
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
The Holocene epoch is defined as:
A.the most recent geological epoch
B.the geological period beginning around 11,000 y.a.
C.a period of increased global temperatures
D.the geological period associated with the development of broadly based hunting and
gathering
E.all of these
Enzymes conduct which of the following functions?
A.initiate and direct chemical reactions in the body
B.regulate cellular function
C.enable crossing-over during recombination
D.the production of gametes
E.the binding of oxygen molecules
Which of the following statements about the origins of domestication is correct?
A.It represents a universal stage in human cultural evolution.
B.It occurred independently in separate areas of the world.
C.It occurred first in the Near East, and then spread or diffused to other areas.
D.It first occurred during the Upper Paleolithic.
E.The earliest centers of domestication are likely in Western Europe.
Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of culture?
A.learned behaviors
B.includes language and religion
C.transmitted through enculturation
D.is genetically controlled
E.is a uniquely human characteristic
The Olmec culture was located primarily:
A.along the Gulf Coast of Mexico
B.in highland Mexico
C.along the Andean coast of South America
D.in the Amazon basin of South America
E.in the southwestern United States
