All of the following are true of interest groups except
a. the structure of American government gives interest groups a number of areas in
which to attempt to influence government policies.
b. interest groups attempt to influence government at all levelslocal, state, and national.
c. interest groups only seek to influence government through campaign contributions.
d. the First Amendment encourages Americans to form and participate in interest
groups.
e. membership in an interest group makes individual opinion appear more powerful.
Most American law is based on
a. French philosophy regarding the rights of man.
b. the Bible.
c. the English common law tradition.
d. Roman law.
e. the writings of Thomas Jefferson.
Judicial review is
a. a method by which the president can check the judiciary.
b. the process of confirmation of federal judges by Congress.
c. the ability of the courts to declare acts of the legislative and executive branches of
government unconstitutional.
d. not applicable to actions by state governments.
e. None of the above is true.
U.S. district courts
a. are courts of intermediate appellate courts.
b. have final appellate jurisdiction to review cases.
c. are the state courts.
d. are the trial courts of the federal system.
e. are courts of limited jurisdiction.
A procedure allowing the people to vote to dismiss an elected official from state office
before his or her term has expired is called
a. a referendum.
b. direct democracy.
c. a recall.
d. an initiative.
e. popular sovereignty.
The framers of the Constitution set
a. no time limit for the ratification process.
b. a limit of twelve months for the ratification of an amendment.
c. a limit of twenty-four months for the ratification of an amendment.
d. a seven-year limit for the ratification of an amendment.
e. a provision for extensions for ratification.
Public sector employees often have _____________, whereas private employees’
________________.
a. very few opportunities for promotion; promotions are very predictable
b. little job security; contracts often give them job security for three to five years
c. guaranteed pension income; pensions fluctuate with the stock market
d. low incomes; incomes fluctuate a great deal
e. Options A and B are true.
To which international issues has the United States applied diplomacy instead of
military force?
a. the proliferation of nuclear weapons
b. the growing power of China.
c. the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
d. the global economic crisis
e. All of the above.
The Twenty-Fifth Amendment
a. was first used when President Ford appointed Nelson Rockefeller as vice president.
b. has never been used.
c. was a result of the long illness of President Carter.
d. is only used when the Constitution explicitly says that it is applicable.
e. was used by President Nixon when he appointed Ford as vice president.
All of the following statements are true except
a. voter ID laws are likely to suppress the vote of low-income voters.
b. the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Indiana voter ID law.
c. voter ID laws are favored by Republicans.
d. voter ID laws are favored by Democrats.
e. voter ID laws are likely to suppress the vote of minority voters.
All of the following are true of interest groups except that they
a. use a wide range of techniques and strategies to promote their policy goals.
b. are extremely successful in persuading the president to endorse their programs
completely.
c. may try to block or weaken legislation.
d. provide officials with information and assistance when needed.
e. may lobby officials personally or use the general public to influence government on
theirbehalf.
The Hatch Act, adopted by Congress in 1939, was created to
a. encourage federal employees to run for state but not federal government.
b. prohibit federal employees from switching political parties.
c. prohibit federal employees from active involvement in political campaigns.
d. increase federal employee participation in running voter registration drives.
e. establish a patronage system during the Great Depression.
De facto segregation means
a. segregation because of residential racial patterns and concentration of populations,
not because of laws.
b. segregation based on different native languages.
c. racial segregation based on law.
d. segregation of southern European immigrants.
e. segregation to a minor degree.
From the late 1960s onward, many southern Democrats in Congress
a. were conservatives who commonly voted with Republicans.
b. managed to keep the South balanced between liberal and conservative ideologies.
c. were replaced by Republicans as the retired.
d. led the modern period of progressivism.
e. Both A and C.
Jurisdiction refers to
a. rules and principles announced in court decisions.
b. the authority of a court to hear and decide a particular class of cases.
c. the constitutionality of a law.
d. statutory law.
e. common law.
All of the following are techniques used by interest groups to involve the general public
except
a. attempting to mobilize large numbers of constituents to write, phone, or send e-mails
and tweets to their legislators.
b. using demonstrations, rallies, and marches.
c. violently protesting so officials will know the unhappiness of the public.
d. getting people to boycott a business.
e. commissioning polls and publicizing the results for the public to see.
National Security Policy is often made based on determinations and recommendations
from
a. the Defense Department.
b. the National Security Council.
c. the State Department.
d. Both A and B.
e. All of the above.
The Greek financial crisis has its roots in
a. overspending by previous Greek government officials.
b. excessive borrowing by previous Greek government officials.
c. the inability of Greece to devalue its currency.
d. the inability of Greece to be able to borrow from the European Central Bank.
e. All of the above are true.
Bureaucracy is the name given to
a. a large organization, structured hierarchically, that carries out specific functions.
b. any organization that has major problems when attempting to accomplish its goals.
c. a group of people who work to enforce policies in a way that prevents quick results.
d. any large branch of a government that has power to interpret laws.
e. government organizations, but not to corporate or university organizations.
A ballot in which all candidates for a particular elected post are grouped together is
a. an Indiana ballot.
b. an office-block ballot.
c. a party column ballot.
d. an absentee ballot.
e. an Australian ballot.
The concept of dtente
a. comes from a Spanish word meaning peace.
b. comes from a French word meaning a relaxation of tensions.
c. came to symbolize the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union in
the1970s.
d. Options B and C are true.
e. None of the above is true.
Keynesian economics advocates
a. government control of markets.
b. manipulation of monetary policy.
c. the use of government spending and taxing to help stabilize the economy.
d. acceptance of the theories of Adam Smith.
e. laissez-faire economics.
The 1974 Federal Election Campaign Act
a. created the Federal Election Commission.
b. placed limits on the sums that individuals and committees can contribute to
candidates.
c. created an effective way to enforce campaign rules.
d. Options A and B are true.
e. All of the above are true.
Polls may be more accurate if the sample is
a. truly random.
b. weighted to correct missing data from underrepresented groups.
c. weighted to make up for day-to-day swings in public sentiment.
d. corrected for pollster bias.
e. Options A and B are true.
The establishment clause in the First Amendment
a. has been applied to questions of the legality of state and local government aid to
religious organizations and schools.
b. means that neither the federal government nor state governments can set up a church.
c. is different than the free exercise clause.
d. has been used to decide the actions of government allowing or prohibiting school
prayer.
e. All of the above are true.
The Bill of Rights
a. is sometimes called the Bill of Limits.
b. is sometimes called the Bill of Attainder.
c. is the first Ten Amendments to the Constitution.
d. limited state power.
e. Options A and C are true.
A single corporation can offer television, phone, and Internet services due to
a. a key merger between a phone and cable company in the early 2000s.
b. the Supreme Court supporting companies’ right to make a profit by offering multiple
products.
c. the Telecommunications Act of 2001.
d. the Telecommunications Act of 1996.
e. None of the above.
Laws that potentially interfere with fundamental rights or classify people based on race
have to pass which test employed by the courts?
a. strict scrutiny
b. intermediate or exacting scrutiny
c. rational basis review
d. the Korematsu test
e. the de jure discrimination test
The members of the cabinet
a. are friends of the president that he or she invites to conferences on specific issues.
b. are expressly identified in the Constitution.
c. are all department secretaries who oversee administrative functions for the president.
d. may include the vice president and other advisors if the president chooses to include
them.
e. are limited to one presidential term and then leave government service.
The number of members each state will have in the electoral college
a. cannot exceed fifty members.
b. cannot be changed without a constitutional amendment.
c. changes every four years.
d. is determined by adding the number of representatives and the number of senators a
state has in Congress.
e. is the same so as to ensure that each state plays an equal role in selecting the
president of the United States.
In 1965, in Griswold v. Connecticut, a case involving the legality of contraceptives, the
Supreme Court
a. held that the law violated the right to privacy.
b. found that laws against contraceptives were legal.
c. guaranteed all women access to abortion.
d. ruled that the Court cannot establish a right unless it is specifically mentioned in
theConstitution.
e. Options B and D are true.
Iron triangles are made up of
a. economic interests, citizen activists, and government interest groups.
b. lobbyists, interest groups, and court cases used to promote government action to help
the interest of these groups.
c. interest groups, legislators, and members of the bureaucracy working to promote and
protect their mutual interests.
d. political parties, interest groups, and voters who want their candidates to win.
e. citizens who have contacted members of Congress, presidential advisors, and
members of the federal bureaucracy.
The concerns about concentrated media ownership include
a. concentration could lead to a decline in the democratic debate.
b. media owners might steer the debate.
c. cable news viewers will be lost to newspapers owned by the parent company.
d. Options A and B are true.
e. All of the above are true.